SIX SIGMA

By
Rohan Shah &
Shubham
Mandwale

INTRODUCTION
SIX SIGMA IS A METHODOLOGY FOR PURSUING CONTINUOUS
IMPROVEMENT IN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND PROFIT. IT IS A
MANAGEMENT PHILOSOPHY ATTEMPTING TO IMPROVE EFFECTIVENESS
AND EFFICIENCY.
THE WORD SIGMA IS A STATISTICAL TERM THAT MEASURES HOW FAR A
GIVEN PROCESS DEVIATES FROM PERFECTION.

ORIGIN OF SIX SIGMA

Six sigma was developed by BILL SMITH , an engineer of

MOTOROLA in 1986.

JACK WELCH made it central to his business strategy at

GENERAL ELECTRIC in 1995.

FEATURES OF SIX SIGMA

Six Sigma's aim is to eliminate waste and inefficiency, thereby

increasing customer satisfaction by delivering what the customer
is expecting.

Accelerates the rate of improvement.

Sets a performance goal for everyone.

Enhances value to customers.

KEY CONCEPTS

Critical to Quality.

Defect.

Process Capability.

Variation.

Stable Operations.

Design for Six Sigma.

Customers Feel the Variance, Not the Mean. So Six Sigma focuses first on
reducing process variation and then on improving the process capability

KEY ELEMENTS

There are three key elements of six sigma process improvement:

Customer.
Processes.
Employees.

METHODOLOGY

Six Sigma has 2 key methodologies:

DMAIC methodology.

DMADV methodology.

DEFINE PHASE

Project Team Formation:

Determine who needs to be on the team.

What roles will each person perform.

Document Core Business Processes.

Develop a Project Charter,

Develop the SIPOC Process Map.

MEASURE PHASE

Data Collection Plan and Data Collection.

Data Evaluation.
Number of defects
DPMO = -------------------------------------------

x 1,000,000

Number of Units x Number of opportunities

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis FMEA.

ANALYZE PHASE

Source Analysis:

Attempts to find defects that are derived from the sources of

information or work generation.

Process Analysis:

Analyze the numbers to find out how well or poorly the processes
are working.

Data Analysis

Resource Analysis

Communication Analysis

IMPROVE PHASE

If the project team does a thorough job in the root causation

phase of analysis, the Improve Phase of DMAIC can be quick,
easy, and satisfying work.

The objective of Improve Phase is to identify improvement

breakthroughs, identify high gain alternatives, select preferred
approach, and create a preliminary implementation plan.

CONTROL PHASE

Final phase where we ensure that the processes continues to

work well, produce desired output results, and maintain quality
levels.

Four aspects of control:

Quality Control.

Standardization.

Control Methods and Alternatives .

Responding when Defects Occur .

ROLE OF INFORMATION
SYSTEM

Data regarding the product plays a vital role in Six Sigma

process.

This Data can be the raw data related to product and its end
users or the info regarding the production process.

Each phase uses data according to the standard required.

DEFINE

MEASURE

ANALYZE

CENTRAL
DATABASE

IMPROVE

CONTROL

LIMITATIONS

No room for any kind of change in the process once we aim to

get the maximum efficiency regarding the quality.

Once you are with six sigma you are forever stuck with it.

Applicability of Six Sigma

Companies that are stagnant to the same quality of product i.e.

the company will not be making any changes in the work flow for
a long time can make use of six sigma.

SIX SIGMA COMPANIES

THANKYOU