Structure I

6th Class : 19th of September 2015

Meiliza Fitri
meiliza.fitri@ymail.com

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan

Class 6
Modul 9
Simple Past
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Progressive

Simple Past Tense

e.g. I went to office yesterday.
now

past

future

Simple Past Tense

S + V2

Fungsi

Contoh

Menyatakan kegiatan yang

dimulai dan diakhiri pada waktu
tertentu di masa lampau,
walaupun pembicara tidak
menyebutkan waktunya

Alexander Graham Bell

invented the telephone.

Biasanya diikuti keterangan

waktu

I played football last week.

Simple Past Tense

Pola
Positive
S + V2
S + was/were + adj/adv/noun

Contoh
I cooked fried rice this
morning.
I was late this morning

Negative
S + did not + V1
I didnt cook fried rice this
S + was/were not + adj/adv/noun morning.
I was not late this morning.
Question
Did+ S + V1 .?
Was/Were + S + adj/adv/noun
.?
Did not didnt
Wh-Question
+ did + S + V1?
Was not wasnt
Wh-Question
+ was/were + S +
Were not werent
adj?

Did you go to the library?

Were you tired yesterday?
What did you do last night?
Who was late this morning?

Past Continuous
e.g. She was talking on the phone.
now

past

future

Past Continuous

S + was/were + Ving

Fungsi

Contoh

Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang He was sleeping.

berlangsung beberapa saat
They were playing football.
(waktunya biasanya tidak
ditentukan) di masa lampau.

Past Continuous
Pola

Contoh

Positive
S + was/were + Ving

They were cooking.

Negative
S + was/were not + Ving

I was not driving.

Question
Was/Were + S + Ving.?

Were you sleeping?

Wh-Question + was/were + S + Who was laughing just now?

Ving?
Was not wasnt
Were not werent

Past Continuous + Past

Tense

Dalam kalimat, disatukan dengan Past Tense

untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian terjadi di saat
kejadian lainnya berlangsung (kedua kejadiannya
di masa lampau)
Contoh
I was sleeping when he came to my house.
While I was sleeping, he came to my house.
now
he came to my house
future

past
I was sleeping

While vs When
When + Past tense

I was sleeping when he came to my house.

While + Past Continuous
While I was sleeping, he came to my house.
I was sleeping while my sister was cleaning
the house.

Past Perfect
Jennifer called me
now

future

past
Britney arrived

Britney had arrived when Jennifer called me

Past Perfect
S + had + V3

Fungsi

Contoh

Menyatakan suatu kejadian telah When I arrived at home, the

terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu
thief had broken into my
di masa lampau.
house.
Dapat menyatakan sebab akibat
apabila digabungkan dengan
simple past tense

He passed the exam because

he had studied very hard.

Past Perfect
Pola
Positive
S + had + V3

Negative
S + had not/hadnt + V3
Question
Had+ S + V3.?
Wh-Question + had + S + V3?

Contoh
She had finished her
homework before she went
shopping.
I had not eaten. I was very
hungry this morning.
Had you finished your
homework before you went
shopping?
Who had finished the
homework before weekend?

Present Perfect vs Past

Perfect Past Perfect
Present Perfect
Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang
Menyatakan suatu kejadian yang
telah selesai dilakukan sebelum saat telah selesai dilakukan sebelum
ini.
masa lampau.

Jane said: I am
not hungry, I have
already eaten my
lunch.

Jane eats lunch

12 PM

Jane said: I was not

hungry (at 1 PM), I
had already eaten
my lunch.

Jane is not hungry

1 PM

4 PM

Past Progressive vs Past

Perfect
Past Progressive
Past Perfect
7 7.30 AM : eating breakfast
7.15 AM : Someone knock the door

7 7.30 AM : eating breakfast

7.45 AM : Someone knock the door

8 AM : I was eating my breakfast

when someone knocked the door.

8 AM : I had eaten my breakfast

when someone knocked the door.

Kejadian 1 masih berlangsung

ketika kejadian 2 terjadi

Kejadian 1 sudah selesai ketika

kejadian 2 terjadi

Past Perfect Progressive

now
Look exhausted

Running for 10 km

past

future

She looked exhausted because she had been running for 10 kilometers.

Past Perfect Progressive

S + had been + Ving

Fungsi

Contoh

Menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang

terjadi di masa lampau dan terus
berlangsung pada masa lampau.

She looked very tired because

she had been running.

Menyatakan berapa lama suatu

kejadian telah berlangsung
sebelum kejadian sebelumnya
terjadi.
tense

We had been playing the

game for 2 hours when our
mother came.

Past Perfect Progressive

Pola
Positive
S + had been + Ving
Negative
S + had not been + Ving
Question
Had+ S + been + Ving.?
Wh-Question + had + S + been
+ Ving?

Contoh
She had been studying for 20
hours.
He had not been sleeping
before
Had you been running before
you came here?
How long had you been
studying Korean before you
came here?

Past Perfect Progressive

vs Past Progressive
Past Perfect Progressive

Past Progressive

5 7.45 : raining
8 AM: get up
8.05 AM : look out the window

5 8.30 : raining
8 AM: get up
8.05 AM : look out the window

1 PM: When I got up this morning,

I looked out the window. It had been
raining

1 PM: When I got up this morning,

I looked out the window. It was
raining

now

past

now

future

past

future