Personal Care & Hygiene

Personal Care And Grooming:
Relationship To Self-Esteem
DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9
Importance of personal care / grooming

needs and meeting these needs.
List the daily hygienic needs of an
individual.
Daily Hygiene Needs
Bathing
Skin care
Oral hygiene
Shaving
Shampooing Hair
Hair care
Nail care
Dressing
Describe factors that affect a

residents personal hygiene
practices.
Factors That Affect Hygiene

Practices
Culture
Family Practices
Illness
Individual preferences
Bath in morning & before going to
bed
Frequency of bathing, shaving
Shampooing hair daily or weekly
6
Factors That Affect Hygiene

Practices
(continued)
Economics
Unable to afford
deodorant, shampoo,
etc.
Unable to afford
utilities
7
Discuss how personal care can

be used to promote self-esteem
and well-being.
Personal Care and Grooming:

Follow the personal hygiene
practices
Do as much of daily care as
possible
Select your own clothing
Personal Care and Grooming:

Role of the Nurse Aide
(continued)
Promote independence and self

esteem
Encourage use of deodorant,
perfume, aftershave lotion, and
cosmetics
Be patient and encouraging
10
11
Define and discuss oral hygiene.
12
Oral Hygiene
Definition: measures used to
keep mouth and teeth clean
and free of microorganisms
13
Oral Hygiene
(continued)
Purpose
Prevent odors
Prevent infections
Prevent tooth decay and
loss of teeth
Prevent gum disease
Increase comfort
Enhance taste of food
14
Oral Hygiene
(continued)
Oral hygiene is neaded:

Before breakfast
After meals
At bedtime
Other times as
requested or necessary
15
Oral Hygiene
(continued)
Observations of concern:
Foul mouth odors
Bleeding
Loose or broken teeth or
dentures
Sores in or around mouth
Coated tongue
Complaints of pain
16
List seven principles to practice

when brushing teeth.
17
Principles For Brushing Teeth

Hold brush at 45 degree angle
Use circular motion to brush teeth
Brush well where teeth and gums
meet
Brush all surfaces
Brush upper teeth first
Brush gently
Offer diluted mouth wash
18
Special Mouth Care Products

Swabs
Toothettes:
usually soaked in
mouthwash or plain water
hydrogen peroxide, salt
water solution if specified
on care plan
Petroleum jelly for dry lips
19
Discuss the care of dentures.
20
Denture Care
Handle carefully expensive to
replace
Clean as often as natural teeth
Protect from loss or breakage
Store safely, when out of
mouth, in labeled container
Never use hot water, which can
warp dentures
21
Denture Care
(continued)
Store dry, in water or in special

solution
For long term storage, put
container holding dentures in
bedside stand
22
23
Demonstrate the procedure for oral

hygiene.
24
Demonstrate the procedure for

providing mouth care.
25
Demonstrate denture care.
26
27
Discuss the care of the nails and feet.
28
Nail Care
Requires daily cleaning and
trimming of fingernails and
toenails as needed
Maintain nails by keeping
nails:
short
clean
free of rough edges
29
List three purposes of nail and

foot care.
30
Nail Care
(continued)
Purpose
Prevent infection
Prevent injury
Prevent odors
31
Identify factors to be considered

for nail care.
32
Nail Care: Factors To Consider

Easier to trim and clean after
soaking
Nail clipper used to cut and
trim nails
Clip nails straight across
Softened cuticle can be
pushed back with orange stick
33
Nail Care: Factors To Consider

(continued)
Use file or emery board to smooth

rough edges
Use care not to injure skin when
clipping
34
Identify factors to be considered

for foot care.
35
Factors To Consider In Foot Care

Wash feet using warm water
and mild soap
Dry feet carefully, especially
between the toes
Apply lotion to tops and
bottoms of feet only, not
between the toes
36

(continued)
Check feet daily for:

redness, warmth or constant pain
numbness or tingling
dry, cracked skin
swelling
blisters, cuts, scratches or other
sores
ingrown toenails, corns, calluses
37

(continued)
Do not use a heating

pad on residents feet
Keep footwear on;
residents never go
barefoot
Change socks and
shoes daily
38

(continued)
Foot injuries and

infections can lead to
gangrene and
amputation, especially in
diabetics
Notify supervisor
immediately of any
unusual observations of
the feet
39
40
9.8 Demonstrate cleaning and

trimming a residents nails.
41
9.9 Demonstrate foot care.
42
43
9.10Discuss the nurse aides

responsibility in assisting the
resident with shaving.
44
Assisting Resident With Shaving

Daily activity for men
Promotes:
Physical comfort
Psychological
well-being
45
9.10.1 Review the factors to consider

when shaving a resident.
46

Factors to consider:
Electric razor provides greatest
safety
Use own equipment or a disposable
safety razor
Soften beard and skin prior to
shaving
47

(continued)
Factors to consider (continued):

Use care not to cut or irritate skin
while shaving
Shave in direction hair grows
Do not use electric razors when
oxygen in use
48
49
9.11 Demonstrate assisting the

resident with shaving.
50
51
9.12
Describe ways to assist the

resident with hair care.
52
Hair Care
Hair care includes
Daily brushing
and combing
Styling
Shampooing
53
9.12.1 Review factors to consider for

daily hair care.
54
Factors To Consider For

Daily Hair Care
Because hair style is
personal preference, ask
about style
Make brushing and
combing part of morning
care
55

Daily Hair Care
(continued)
Protect residents
clothing by placing
towel around shoulders
Cover pillow with towel
for residents confined
to bed
56

Daily Hair Care
(continued)
Brushing hair:
refreshes resident
improves morale
stimulates circulation
distributes natural oils evenly
removes lint and dust
Handle hair gently when brushing or
combing
57

Daily Hair Care
(continued)
Section hair and work on one

area at a time
Note appearance of scalp
and hair
Hair style should be age
appropriate
58

Daily Hair Care
(continued)
Residents are encouraged to do as

much as possible for themselves
Comb and brush are cleaned after
use
Combs and brushes are never
shared
59
9.12.2 Discuss considerations used

when shampooing a residents
hair.
60
Shampooing Considerations
Frequency individualized
Residents shampoo,
conditioner and other
hair care products are
used
Resident assisted to
beauty shop if available
61
9.12.3 List the various methods for

shampooing hair.
62
(continued)
Methods of shampooing:
during shower
at sink
using stretcher
in bed
63
(continued)
Eyes and ears protected

Hair dried as fast as
possible
Cold or drafty areas
eliminated
Female residents
assisted to curl or set hair
64
(continued)
Barbers or beauticians
may be contacted by
facility to care for hair of
residents
Care plan to be checked
for any special
instructions prior to
shampooing
65
66
9.13
Demonstrate caring for the

residents hair.
67
9.14
Demonstrate shampooing hair

of resident who is in bed.
68
69
9.15
Identify the general principles of

dressing and undressing a
resident.
70
Dressing And Undressing

Encourage resident to
choose own clothing
Dress daily own clothing
and underwear
Make sure clothes are in
good repair
71

(continued)
Dress weak or affected

side first
Undress weak or affected
side last
Ensure clothing is
appropriate for weather
and environment
72

(continued)
Encourage resident to
wear clothing that matches
and is clean and neat
Dress should be age
appropriate
Do not put clothing on
backwards
73

(continued)
Be gentle
Always be patient
and provide time for
residents to do as
much as possible for
themselves
74
75
9.16

dressing and undressing the
resident.
76
77
9.17 Identify the purposes of bathing a

resident.
78
Bathing Resident
Purpose of Bathing
Removes
perspiration, dirt and
microorganisms
Stimulates circulation
Exercises body parts
79
Bathing Resident
(continued)
Purpose of Bathing
(continued)
Refreshes, relaxes and

promotes physical comfort
Removes odors
Allows for evaluation of
skin condition
80
9.17.1 Discuss the various methods of

bathing a resident.
81
Bathing Resident
Methods of Bathing
Partial bath
Complete bed
bath
Tub bath
Shower
82
9.17.2 Identify guidelines for bathing a

resident.
83
Guidelines for Bathing

Receive instructions from
supervisor regarding
method of bathing and
skin care products to use
Provide privacy
Reduce drafts by closing
windows, drapes and
doors
84

(continued)
Use good body mechanics

Keep covered for warmth and privacy
Protect safety of resident:
never leave unattended in bathtub or
shower
take precautions to prevent slips and
falls
have temperature no higher than
105F for tub or shower
85

(continued)
Rinse skin completely if not using

no-rinse product
Encourage to do as much as
possible for self
Pat skin dry
Observe condition of skin
86
9.17.3 Observe the condition of the

skin and report any unusual
observations.
87
Skin Observations While Bathing

Color of skin, lips, nail
beds and sclera of eyes
Location and description
of rashes
Dry skin
Bruises or open areas on
skin
88
Skin Observations While Bathing

(continued)
Pale or reddened
areas, especially over
bony parts
Drainage or bleeding
from wounds or orifices
Skin temperature
Complaints of pain or
discomfort
89
90
9.18

giving a complete bed bath and
partial bath.
91
9.19

giving a tub bath or shower.
92
93
9.20
Discuss giving perineal care.
94
Perineal Care
Used to clean genital and anal areas
Prevents infection
Prevents odors
Promotes comfort
95
Perineal Care
Rules of medical asepsis and
Standard Precautions followed
Work from cleanest to dirtiest area
(front to back)
urethral area cleanest
anal area dirtiest
96
Perineal Care
(continued)
Delicate area that needs special care

Use warm water
Wash gently
Rinse well
Pat dry
97
98
9.21
Demonstrate giving perineal

care.
99
100
9.22
Discuss giving a back rub.
101
Giving A Back Rub

Purpose
Stimulate circulation
Prevent skin
breakdown
Soothing
Refreshing
102
Giving A Back Rub

(continued)
Use a combination of strokes

Long, smooth strokes relaxing
Short, circular strokes stimulating
Use warmed lotion applied with
palms of hands
Rub 3 - 5 minutes
103
104
9.23
Demonstrate giving a back rub.
105
106

Personal Care &amp; Hygiene

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Personal Care And Grooming:

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

Importance of personal care / grooming

Daily Hygiene Needs

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

Describe factors that affect a

Factors That Affect Hygiene

Factors That Affect Hygiene

Discuss how personal care can

Personal Care and Grooming:

Personal Care and Grooming:

Promote independence and self

Define and discuss oral hygiene.

Oral hygiene is neaded:

List seven principles to practice

Principles For Brushing Teeth

Special Mouth Care Products

Discuss the care of dentures.

Store dry, in water or in special

Demonstrate the procedure for oral

Demonstrate the procedure for

Demonstrate denture care.

Discuss the care of the nails and feet.

List three purposes of nail and

Identify factors to be considered

Nail Care: Factors To Consider

Nail Care: Factors To Consider

Use file or emery board to smooth

Identify factors to be considered

Factors To Consider In Foot Care

Factors To Consider In Foot Care

Check feet daily for:

Factors To Consider In Foot Care

Do not use a heating

Factors To Consider In Foot Care

Foot injuries and

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

9.8 Demonstrate cleaning and

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

9.9 Demonstrate foot care.

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

9.10Discuss the nurse aides

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

Assisting Resident With Shaving

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

9.10.1 Review the factors to consider

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

Assisting Resident With Shaving

Assisting Resident With Shaving

Factors to consider (continued):

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

9.11 Demonstrate assisting the

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

Describe ways to assist the

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

9.12.1 Review factors to consider for

DHSR Approved Curriculum-Unit 9

Factors To Consider For

Factors To Consider For

Factors To Consider For

Factors To Consider For

Personal Care & Hygiene

Personal Care & Hygiene