CHAPTER

SECONDARY
STORAGE

8-2

Competencies
Distinguish between primary & secondary
storage
Discuss the different types of storage media
Describe the traditional floppy disk and the high
capacity floppy disks
Describe various types of hard disk devices

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

8-3

Competencies cont.
Describe ways to improve hard-disk operations
Describe the different types of optical disks
Describe other kinds of secondary storage
devices

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

8-4

Storage
Primary storage
Volatile
Temporary

Secondary storage
Nonvolatile
Permanent

Secondary storage
characteristics
Media
Capacity
Storage devices
Access speed

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

8-5

Secondary Storage Devices

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

8-6

Floppy Disks
Diskettes
Floppies
Portable storage
media
Floppy disk drives
(FDD)

Traditional Floppy
Disk

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

8-7

Traditional Floppy Diskette

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

8-8

Types of Floppies
High capacity
Known as a floppy-disk cartridge
Require special disk drives
Three well known types
Zip disks
HiFD disks
SuperDisks

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

8-9

Hard Disks
Use thicker, metallic platters for storage
Faster than a floppy diskette
Large capacity
Sensitive instruments

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

810

Materials that Cause a Head Crash

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Internal Hard Disk

811

Located inside system unit

Known as a fixed disk
Designated as the C drive
Advantages over floppies
Access speed
Capacity

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Hard-Disk Cartridges

812

Removable hard disks

Used to complement
internal hard disk
Capacities of 10 to 20
GB

PC Card Hard Disks

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Hard-Disk Packs

813

Removable
Massive storage capacity
Common in mainframes
Resembles stack of vinyl records

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Hard-Disk Pack

814

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Performance Enhancements

815

Disk caching
Redundant arrays of
inexpensive disks (RAID)
File compression
and decompression

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Optical Disks

816

Compact
Permanent storage
Laser beams reflect off pits
Two common types
CD
DVD

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Compact Disc

817

Optical format
From 650 MB to 1 GB capacity
Rotation speeds vary
Types
Read only: CD-ROM
Write once: CD-R
Rewriteable: CD-RW
Picture CDs and Photo CDs
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Digital Versatile Disc

818

Digital Versatile Disk or Digital Video Disk

(DVD)
Similar to CDs, but can store more data
Types
Read only
Write once
Rewritable

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

DataPlay

819

Optical disk
Write once format
Quarter size
500 MB capacity
Holds 5 hours of CD-quality
sound

Use for storing and playing

music files
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Other Types of Secondary Storage

820

Solid-state storage
Internet hard drives
Magnetic tape

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Solid-State Storage

821

Flash memory cards

Widely used in notebook computers
Used to record MP3 music files

Key chain hard drives

Key chain flash memory
devices
Connects to a USB port
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Internet Hard Drives

822

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Magnetic Tape

823

External storage
Provides sequential access
Information stored in sequence
Slower than disks which provide
direct access

Magnetic tape streamers or tape

cartridges used by both
mainframes and
microcomputers
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

A Look to the Future

Blu-Ray Technology

824

New standard in storage

Blu-Ray
New disks use blue laser light instead of the red laser
light used in traditional CD players
Disks may ultimately hold
Over 30GB on one-sided disks
Over 50GB on two-sided disks

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Key Terms
1.44 MB 31/2-inch disk
(211)
2HD (211)
access time (210)
C drive (213)
capacity (210)
CD (compact disc) (216)
CD burner (216)
CD-R (CD-recordable)
(216)

825

CD-ROM (compact discread only memory) (216)

CD-RW (compact disc
rewritable) (217)
DataPlay (220)
density (211)
direct access (221)
disk caching (213)
Diskette (210)
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Key Terms
disk (210)
DVD (digital versatile
disc or digital video disc)
(217)
DVD-RW or DVD+RW
(DVD rewritable) (217)
DVD-R or DVD+R
(DVD recordable) (217)

826

DVD-RAM (DVDrandom-access memory)

(217)
DVD player (217)
DVD-ROM (digital
versatile disc-read only
memory) (217)
Erasable optical disk
(217)
file compression (215)
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Key Terms
file decompression (215)
fixed disk (212)
flash memory card (221)
flexible disk (211)
floppies (211)
floppy disk (210)
floppy disk drive (FDD)
(210)

827

Floppy-disk cartridge
(211)
hard disk (212)
hard-disk cartridge (213)
hard-disk pack (214)
head crash (212)
HiFD disk (212)
high capacity floppy disk
(211)
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Key Terms
i-drive (221)
internal hard disk (212)
Internet hard drive (221)
jewel box (216)
key chain hard drives
(221)
label (211)
land (216)
magnetic tape (222)

828

magnetic tape reel (222)

magnetic tape streamer
(222)
media (210)
medium (210)
multiread (217)
multisession (217)
nonvolatile storage (210)
online storage (221)
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Key Terms
optical disk (216)
optical disk drive (216)
PC Card hard disk (214)
Photo CD (217)
Picture CD (217)
pit (216)
platters (212)
primary storage (210)
reading (210)

829

redundant arrays of
inexpensive disks (RAID)
(215)
removable hard disk
(213)
rotational speed (216)
secondary storage (210)
secondary storage device
(210)
sector (211)
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Key Terms
sequential access (221)
shutter (211)
single-session (217)
solid-state storage (220)
storage devices (210)
SuperDisk (212)
tape cartridge (222)
track (211)
volatile storage (210)

830

write-protection notch
(211)
writing (210)
Zip disk (211)

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

FAQs

831

What is the difference between primary storage

and secondary storage?
What kinds of floppy disks are available?
What is the C drive of a computer?
When would I use a hard-disk cartridge?
What is the difference between a CD and a
DVD?

2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights

Discussion Questions

832

Discuss three ways to improve the performance

of hard disks.
Describe the different types of compact discs.
Describe the different types of DVDs.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of
using an Internet hard drive?
Describe solid state technology. Discuss the
many uses for key chain flash memory devices.
2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights