Data Mining

with JDM API

Regina Wang

Data Mining
Knowledge-Discovery in Databases (KDD)
Searching large volumes of data for patterns.
The nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously
known, and potentially useful information from
data.
The science of extracting useful information
from large data sets or databases.
Uses computational techniques from statistics,
machine learning, and pattern recognition.

Descriptive Statistics
Collect data
Classify data
Summarize data
present data
Make inferences to draw a conclusions
--Point and interval estimation
--Hypothesis testing
--Prediction

Machine Learning
Concerned with the development of
techniques which allow computers to
"learn".
Concerned with the algorithmic
complexity of computational
implementations.
Many inference problems turn out to be
NP-hard or harder .

Common Machine Learning

Algorithm
Supervised learningprior knowledge
Unsupervised learningstatistical
regularity of the patterns
Semi-supervised learning
Reinforcement learning
Transduction
Learning to learn

Pattern Recognition
The act of taking in raw data and taking an
action based on the category of the data.
Aims to classify data patterns based on prior
knowledge or on statistical info.
Based on availability of training set:
supervised and unsupervised leanings
Two approaches: statistical (decision theory)
and syntactic (structural).

Supervised Techniques
Classification:
-- k-Nearest Neighbors
--Nave Bayes
--Classification Trees
--Descriminant Analysis
--Logistic Regression
--Neural Nets

Supervised Techniques
Prediction (Estimation):
--Regression
--Regression Trees
--k-Nearest Neighbors

Unsupervised Techniques
Cluster Analysis
Principle Components
Association Rules
Collaborative Filtering

JAVA Data Mining API (JDM)

Data-mining tools were traditionally
provided in products with vendorspecific interfaces.
The Java Data Mining API (JDM)
defines a common Java API to interact
with data-mining systems.
Developed by Java Community Data
Mining Expert Group

JDM Current Versions

JDM 1.0 (JSR 73) final specification in
August, 2004
http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=73
JDM 2.0 (JSR 247) Early Review
http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=247

JDM is for the Java 2 Platform

(J2EE) and (J2SE)

Data Mining System

A typical data-mining system consists of
--a data-mining engine
--a repository that persists the data-mining
artifacts, such as the models, created in
the process.
The actual data is obtained via a database
connection, or via a file-system API.

JDM Architectural components

Application programming interface (API)
Data mining engine (DME) or data mining
server (DMS), provides the infrastructure
that offers a set of data mining services to its
API clients.
Mining object repository (MOR) - The DME
uses a mining object repository which serves
to persist data mining objects

Key JDM API benefit :

abstracts out the physical components, tasks, and
algorithms to java classes

Figure 1. Components of a data-mining system

Building a data-mining model

1.
2.
3.

Decide what you want to learn.

Select and prepare your data.
Choose mining tasks and configure the
mining algorithms.
4. Build your data-mining model.
5. Test and refine the models.
6. Report findings or predict future
outcomes.

Data Mining Process

Figure 2. Data mining steps.

Usage of JDM API

Using JDM to explore mining object
repository (MOR) and find out what
models and model building parameters
work best.
Follow a few simple steps that map the
process to JDM interactions.
Build Java Data Mining GUI Application

Figure 4. Top level interfaces.

Figure 3. Top level packages.

Figure 4. Top level interfaces.

Using the JDM API

1.

2.

3.

Identify the data you wish to use to build your

modelyour build datawith a URL that points to
that data.
Specify the type of model you want to build, and
parameters to the build process. Such parameters
are termed build settings in JDM. such as
clustering, classification, or association rules.
These tasks are represented by API classes.
Create a logical representation of your data to
select certain attributes of the physical data, and
then map those attributes to logical values.

Using the JDM API

4. Specify the parameters to your data-mining
algorithms
5. Create a build task, and apply to that task
the physical data references and the build
settings.
6. Finally, you execute the task. The outcome
of that execution is your data model. That
model will have a signaturea kind of
interfacethat describes the possible input
attributes for later applying the model to
additional data.

Using data model and results

Once you've created a model, you can test
that model, and then even apply the model
to additional data. Building, testing, and
applying the model to additional data is an
iterative process that, ideally, yields
increasingly accurate models.
Those models can then be saved in the
MOR, and used to either explain data, or
to predict the outcome of new data in
relation to your data-mining objective.

JDM Data Connection

A JDM connection is represented by the engine
variable, which is of type
javax.datamining.resource.Connection. JDM
connections are very similar to JDBC
connections, with one connection per thread.
PhysicalDataSetFactory dataSetFactory =
(PhysicalDataSetFactory)
engine.getFactory("javax.datamining.data.PhysicalDataS
et");

JDM Data Connection

Build data is referenced via a PhysicalDataSet
object, which, in turn, loads the data from a file
or a database table, referenced with a URL.
PhysicalDataSet dataSet =
pdsFactory.create( "file:///export/data/textFileDat
a.data", true);

Code Example: Building a

clustering model
// Create the physical representation of the data
(1) PhysicalDataSetFactory pdsFactory = (PhysicalDataSetFactory) dmeConn.getFactory( javax.datamining.data.PhysicalDataSet );
(2) PhysicalDataSet buildData = pdsFactory.create( uri, true );
(3) dmeConn.saveObject( myBuildData, buildData, false );
// Create the logical representation of the data from physical data
(4) LogicalDataFactory ldFactory = (LogicalDataFactory) dmeConn.getFactory(
javax.datamining.data.LogicalData );
(5) LogicalData ld = ldFactory.create( buildData );
(6) dmeConn.saveObject( myLogicalData, ld, false );
// Create the settings to build a clustering model
(7) ClusteringSettingsFactory csFactory = (ClusteringSettingsFactory) dmeConn.getFactory( javax.datamining.clustering.ClusteringSettings);
(8) ClusteringSettings clusteringSettings = csFactory.create();
(9) clusteringSettings.setLogicalDataName( myLogicalData );
(10) clusteringSettings.setMaxNumberOfClusters( 20 );

Code Example: Building a

clustering model cont
(11) clusteringSettings.setMinClusterCaseCount( 5 );
(12) dmeConn.saveObject( myClusteringBS, clusteringSettings, false );
// Create a task to build a clustering model with data and settings
(13) BuildTaskFactory btFactory = (BuildTaskFactory) dmeConn.getFactory(
javax.datamining.task.BuildTask );
(14) BuildTask task = btFactory.create( myBuildData, myClusteringBS,
myClusteringModel );
(15) dmeConn.saveObject( myClusteringTask, task, false );
// Execute the task and check the status
(16) ExecutionHandle handle = dmeConn.execute( myClusteringTask );
(17) handle.waitForCompletion( Integer.MAX_VALUE ); // wait until done
(18) ExecutionStatus status = handle.getLatestStatus();
(19) if( ExecutionState.success.equals( status.getState() ) )
(20) // task completed successfully...

References
Java Data Mining Specification
http://www.jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=73
Mine Your Own Data with the JDM
API, Frank Sommers, July 7, 2005
http://www.artima.com/lejava/articles/da
ta_mining.html
http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs345a
/#handouts