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Finish
Finished is
obtained by
scrubbing or
brushing the
concrete surface
with fiber or wire
brushes and
water to remove
the surface
mortar.
be finished by tooling
by any methods
employed for dressing
or finishing natural
stone.
appearance as that
obtained by brushing the
concrete while it is still
green.
Concrete should be
thoroughly hardened
before sand-blasting.
Finish
The color is
obtained from
aggregate and not
by adding coloring
material to the
mixture.
It is called granolithic
because fine aggregate
chips were originally used in
the aggregates.
Finely ground corundum
may also be a part of the
aggregates to produce an
enduring and non-clip
surface.
Tile Finishes
Cement Tile
Manufactured by
pressing in moulds a
plastic mixture of
cement and sand.
Thickness of cement
tile is 1. Common
sizes are 8x8, 12x12
and 16 x 16.
Tile Finishes
Ceramic Tile
Are small surfacing units made from clay or mixture
of clay.
Tiles differ principally in
(1) Composition of the body
(2) Surface finish (glazed or unglazed)
(3) Process of manufacture
(4) The degree of vitrification or fusion of tiles after
firing
(1) Composition
Tiles are made of compounded and natural clay
(3) Manufacture
Dust-press process
Tiles shaped in steel dies by applying heavy
mosaic.
Ceiling Finishes
Ceiling Board
Shiplapped boards with a bead running along the
Ceiling Finishes
Acoustic Tile
Used for ceiling and wall finishes in rooms where it
Paint Finishes
Transparent Finishing Materials
Wood Stains
Are composed of pigments and liquid solvents of water, oil
or alcohol.
(1) Oil Stains derived form earth clays
(2) Water Stains made from aniline dyes and mineral
extracts which have been dissolved in hot water
(3) Spirit Stains mixed with alcohol- solution aniline
powders and warmed alcohol
Paint Finishes
Transparent Finishing Materials
Wood Fillers
(1) Paste Fillers Filler is applied with the grain and allowed to
dry flat for about 10 minutes. It is wiped off across the grain
with burlap or coarse materials.
(2) Crack Filters they are used for filling nails, holes, cracks
and dents.
(3) Shellac made by refining seed lac and its natural color is
orange. Used to cover knots before priming lead and oil coat
is applied to prevent discoloration.
(4) Varnish it contains no pigment and hardens into a
smooth, hard and glossy coat by the oxidation of the oil or
by the evaporation of the alcohol.
and distribution.
Types of Paint
Oil Paint- principal paint for exterior wood surfaces.
Synthetic latex (rubber base) paints preferred paint
application
(3) Faulty construction or building materials
DEFECTS
Excessive or
premature
chalking
Sagging and
running
Storm
spotting
Description
CAUSE
Surface dusting
sometimes wood.
Irregular wavy
lines that texture
an smooth finish
film
Occurring after
continuous rains
and electric storms
Due to improper
formulation
paint application
Too low pigment
volume
heavy careless
application
formed by
electrical
discharge
Washing
Streaking on the
surface, fading
color
Water soluble in
pigments of poor
paints
Stains
Discolorations
Water dripping
PREVENTION
high standards of
paint formulation
and application
proper proportion
of pigments
careful brushing
Rubbing spots
with alcohol
Apply coatings
Repainting
Chalking
Storm
Stains
DEFECTS
Description
Checking
Minute cracks
on the surface
of elastic paint
CAUSE
Improper
application
Improper
formulation
PREVENTION
Alligatoring
Advance state
of checking
Cracking and
Scaling
Irregular cracks
that curl at the
edge
Blistering and
Peeling
Swelling of the
entire film
followed by
break in film
then peel
Poor formulation
with too much oil
Common with
improper
formulated to local
conditions
Water pressure
from behind the
film
Moisture seepage
Wire brushing to
affected areas
Repainting
Removal of the
film
Repainting
Formulation of
tougher elastic
film.
Removal of paint
then repainting
Permanent
removal of
moisture sources
waterproofing
Checking
Blistering
Cracking and
Spot Fading
Wrinkling
Color changes
and flating of
gloss irregular
patches
Marked by a
tough, leather like
texturing
Spot Fading
Uneven oil
absorption
Insufficient
coats
Repainting
Exercise of
proper painting
techniques
Brushing out of
application
Thank you..