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Region
Efimenco Olesea
Gisca Alina
FB147
Introduction
The geoeconomic poles are defined as large regions that meet several
countries closely integrated with each other and who have a great
economic potential and thus a high share in the world economy. These
regions attract and generate the most important international flows.
Main characteristics
1. The favorable geographical and geopolitical location in comparison
with the rest of the world.
2. The presence of a large market of products and services.
3. The high level of economical development based on the modern
technologies.
4. The high level of development of industry, especially in USA and
Canada.
5. The presence of a huge scientific and technical potential.
6.The most liberal economic system in the world.
7.The presence of banks, companies and corporations that control not
only US national economy but also the International one.
8.The presence of a high military potential equipped with the most
advanced technologies.
Evolution
North American region has roots in the history of the member countries
development, in amplification of trade relations between them from the
years that preceded the creation of the NAFTA agreement, which is actually
a state of affairs, a product of trends in relations between the three countries
Negotiated in 1992, ratified in 1993 and implemented in 1994, NAFTA
has its true point of origin in the Free Trade Agreement between Canada
and the US (CUSFTA: Canada-US Free Trade Agreement), signed in 1988,
which provided for the elimination of many trade barriers between the two
countries over 10 years.
OBJECTIVES OF NAFTA
To eliminate trade barriers & facilitate the cross-border
movements of goods and services between the parties .
To promote conditions of fair competition .
To substantially increase investment opportunities .
To provide adequate and effective protection & enforcement
of intellectual property rights in each territory .
To create effective procedures for the implementation and
application of this agreement, for its joint administration
& for resolution of disputes .
To establish a framework for further trilateral, regional and
multilateral co-operation to expand and enhance benefits of
this agreement.
overall, the NAFTA deal has only expanded U.S. gross domestic
product (GDP) "very slightly," with a similarly small and positive effect
on the Canadian and Mexican economies.
Evolution of countries
USA
Geographical factors :
Isolation and peripheral position in relation to the Old World;
Extensive and compact area with easy access to two oceans ;
Bipolar system of productive forces (California and the state
s of the Atlantic coast)
Special position in the global socio-cultural space
Highly developed military-industrial complex
Evolution of countries
USA
Achievments:
In 90s, the average annual growth rate of the US economy was high
er than in Japan, Germany, France and Britain. Especially impressive
is the reduction of energy consumption over the last thirty years by
33%. For half a century has doubled agricultural production, while
the number of people employed on farms fell by 70%.
United States became the first and only world power, the ruling
military-strategic, economic, technological, information and cultural
space of the planet.
One of the most competitive economy.
World leader in information technology.
Evolution of countries
Canada
The main economic factors:
liquidation of colonial independence and unification of territories in a
single state;
presence of a huge amount of mineral resources;
massive migrations of young and skilled workforce from Europe;
widespread introduction of technology and production mechanization
of products in sectors of the economy;
massive foreign capital investments in key sectors of the economy;
reduced costs for military.
Evolution of countries
Mexico
Mexico is an emerging country and a major world producer of oil
(the main wealth), silver, copper, rare metals.
The industry is diversified in several sectors: metallurgy, chemical
engineering (Petrochemicals). Agriculture is based on subsistence
crops: corn, beans, rice, and export crops: coffee, cocoa, cotton,
precious wood, rubber.
In 1992 Mexico signed the agreement on free trade zone with
Canada and the US.
Exports by country
Member Country
Contribution/ Supply
United States
Canada
Mexico
Perspectives
Main perspectives of development of North American
Region are:
Formation of North American Union;
Introduction of Amero currency;
Cooperation and free trade with South American
countries;
Promotion of the Eurasian geostrategy.
Conclusion
The North American geoeconomic region has played an importan
t role in the overall development of the three nations through :
the progressive elimination of tariffs and trade barriers, dispute
resolutions, commitment to intellectual property and environment
legislation, etc.
Also it plays essential role in development of the worlds economy
through innovative technology, directioning of raw materials,
energy resources and capital flows and promotion of free
entrepreneurship.
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