COMPRESSOR

TYPES
MERITS AND DEMERITS
APPLICATIONS

Group members
Saloni Sharma
Sumer Naryal
Tushar kaushik
Vandana kaushal
Vikas Yadav
Yash Gajwani

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INTRODUCTION

Compressors are mechanical devices that

compress fluids.

A compressor is a machine used to

compress the refrigerant from the
evaporator and to raise its pressure so that
the corresponding temperature is higher
than that of the cooling medium.

COMPRESSOR

Positive
displacement
type

Dynamic
type

Centrifugal
Reciprocating

Rotary

Screw

Scroll

Positive displacement type

Reciprocating compressor
Usespistons driven by acrankshaft to
deliver gases at high pressure.

The intake gas

enters the
suction
manifold,

flows into the

compression
cylinder where

Compressed
by a piston
driven in a
reciprocating
motion via a
crankshaft,

and is then
discharged.

Pros

Cons

High pressure and

high power
compressed gas can
e produced.

Low reliability.

Initial cost is less.

Continuous
discharge

Large volume
capacity.

Plot area.

ROTARY COMPRESSORS
Positive displacement type compressors
In rotary compressors, the vapour refrigerant
from the evaporator is compressed due to the
movement of the blades
Refrigerants : R-12, R-22, R-144 and ammonia

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF ROTORY

COMPRESSORS:
single stationary blade type rotary compressor
rotating blade type rotary compressor

SINGLE STATIONARY BLADE

TYPE COMPRESSOR
Consist of:
Single stationary cylinder
A roller(or impeller)
shaft
Sealing Blade set into the slot of a cylinder
Functioning
Blade moves in and out of the slot to follow the rotor when it
rotates
When the shaft rotates, the roller also rotates so that it always
touches the cylinder wall
Refrigerant is compressed and discharged to the condenser
In this way, the low pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant
is compressed gradually to high pressure and temperature

ROTATING BLADE TYPE ROTARY

COMPRESSOR
Consist of :
Cylinder
Slotted rotor containing number of blades
Centre of rotor is eccentric with the centre of cylinder
Functioning:
Blades are forced against the rotation of the motor
Low pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant from the
evaporator is drawn through suction port
As rotor turns, the suction vapour refrigerant entrapped
between the two adjacent blades is compressed
The compressed refrigerant at high pressure and
temperature is discharged through the discharge port to
the condenser

Pros

Low maintenance due

to low rotating speed
and fewer moving
parts.

Suitable for unclean

environment.

Cons
Not suitable
for high
pressure.

Oil carry
over problem
is present.

SCREW COMPRESSOR
Rotary

screw compressors also belong to

the category of positive displacement
compressors machine a rotary compressor
essentially consists of two helically-grooved
rotors
The male rotor consists of lobes and is
normally the driving rotor. The female rotor
has gullies and is normally the driven rotor.

Cons

Pros

Oil carryover
problem

Vibrations are less.

Small size compressor

can produce high flow
Life
rate.

expectancy is
short
Not suitable for
unclean
environment

Scroll Compressor

Scroll compresor

Ascroll compressor(also calledspiral compressor,scroll

pumpandscroll vacuum pump) is a device for
compressing air or refrigerant. It is used inair
conditioningequipment, as an
automobilesupercharger(where it is known as ascroll-type
supercharger) and as avacuum pump.

A scroll compressor operating in reverse is known as ascroll

expander, and can be used to generatemechanical
workfrom the expansion of a fluid, compressed air or gas.
Many residential central heat pump and air conditioning
systems and a few automotive air conditioning systems
employ a scroll compressor instead of the more traditional
rotary, reciprocating, and wobble-plate compressors.

Pros

Efficient because do not

have dynamic discharge
valve that introduces
additional throttling losses

Smaller space
requirement

Have fewer moving parts

so long life of compressor

No noise and less

vibrations

Cons

Scroll compressors are

more vulnerable to
introduced debris.

A reciprocating compressor
run in any direction and
still function, whereas a
scroll compressor must
rotate in one direction

Accumulation issues are

high.

Not suitable for very high

refrigeration

CENTRIFUGAL
COMPRESSOR

A single-stage centrifugal compressor mainly

consists of the following four components as
(a) An inlet casing to accelerate the fluid to the
impeller inlet.
(b) An impeller to transfer energy to the fluid in the
form of increase in static pressure and kinetic energy.
(c) A diffuser to convert the kinetic energy at the
impeller outlet into pressure energy (static enthalpy).
(d) A volute casing to collect the fluid and to further
convert the kinetic energy into pressure energy
(static enthalpy).

Pro
Suitable for
continuous
compression.
High power and high
compressibility is
possible.
Oil free output.

Cons
Costly
equipment
Maintenance is
sophisticated

THAN
K YOU