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Aggregate Supply
1
Price
Level
Aggregate
supply
Equilibrium
price level
Aggregate
demand
Equilibrium
output
Quantity of
Output
10
11
Price
Level
P2
1. A decrease
in the price
level . . .
0
Aggregate
demand
Y
Y2
Quantity of
Output
13
14
15
Consumption
Investment
Government Purchases
Net Exports
18
Price
Level
P1
D2
Aggregate
demand, D1
0
Y1
Y2
Quantity of
Output
19
20
21
Price
Level
Long-run
aggregate
supply
P
P2
1. A change
in the price
level . . .
0
Natural rate
of output
Quantity of
Output
22
23
24
Price
Level
Short-run
aggregate
supply
P
P2
2. . . . reduces the quantity
of goods and services
supplied in the short run.
1. A decrease
in the price
level . . .
Y2
Quantity of
Output
25
26
28
29
Shifts arising
Labor
Capital
Natural Resources.
Technology.
Expected Price Level.
30
Price
Level
Long-run
aggregate
supply
Short-run
aggregate
supply
Equilibrium
price
Aggregate
demand
0
Natural rate
of output
Quantity of
Output
31
Short-run aggregate
supply, AS
AS2
3. . . . but over
time, the short-run
aggregate-supply
curve shifts . . .
P
B
P2
P3
1. A decrease in
aggregate demand . . .
Aggregate
demand, AD
AD2
0
Y2
Y
4. . . . and output returns
to its natural rate.
Quantity of
Output
32
33
34
AS2
Short-run
aggregate
supply, AS
P2
A
P
3. . . . and
the price
level to rise.
Aggregate demand
0
Y2
Quantity of
Output
35
Stagflation
36
37
P3
P2
3. . . . which P
causes the
price level
to rise
further . . .
0
Short-run
aggregate
supply, AS
AS2
2. . . . policymakers can
accommodate the shift
by expanding aggregate
demand . . .
AD2
Aggregate demand, AD
Quantity of
Output
38