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MOTIVATION
One of the components of Behavioral Sciences
Syllabus of second year
There will be four interactive sessions in second year
Questions will be asked in end of module assessment
Result of evaluation will be carried in continuous
assessment
A module of Behavioral Sciences will be included in
third year covering the major topics
Students would be required to pass the assessment in
Behavioral Sciences to be eligible to appear in final
year MBBS
MOTIVATION
We all want to be successful in life.
We all want to achieve what we can-----BUT
Have you ever thought why some people seem to be very
successful in life and others are not ?
Apart from the factors of luck and opportunities, a very
important factor is the MOTIVATION.
Why some individuals are highly motivated and others
are not ?
Where does the energy, the drive, or the direction come
from?
Physiological Needs
Psychological Needs
Psychological needs are not essentially required
for existence but very important for progress in
the life and growth.
Psychological needs include :
Achievements
Authority or power
Status
Self esteem
Social approval, recognition and prestige.
Psychological needs are acquired through
learning, commitment and persistent efforts to
achieve a goal.
Theories of Motivation
Instinct Theory
Instinct theory explains the needs for survival
All organisms are born with specific innate
knowledge about how to survive
These physiological needs which are essentially
required for survival include hunger, thirst,
temperature control, protection and sexual release
These physiological needs are explained in
biological perspective by instinct theory
Biological perspective considers the roles of
nervous system and endocrines.
Role of Hypothalamus
The part of the brain that lies below the thalamus,
forming the major portion of the ventral region of
the diencephalon and is also attached to pituitary
gland.
It is a very important structure and it regulates
many important functions of body like food
intake, weight regulation, fluid intake and
balance, thirst, body heat, sleep cycle, endocrine
functions, autonomic activities and sexual
behavior
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
Cognitive Theory
Intrinsic Motivation : desire to perform a
behavior for its own sake
Extrinsic motivation : desire to perform a
behavior because you will be rewarded or
avoid punishment
Humanistic Theory
Humanistic theory is perhaps the most well
know theory of motivation.
According to this theory, humans are
driven to achieve their maximum potential.
Humanistic theory also mentions
physiological needs but mainly emphasize
on psychological needs
Humanistic Theory
The best way to describe this theory is to
utilize the famous pyramid developed by
Abraham Maslow (1970) called the
Hierarchy of Needs.
Humanistic Theory
Maslow believed that humans have specific
needs that must be met and that if lower level
needs go unmet, we can not possible strive for
higher level needs.
The Hierarchy of Needs shows that at the lower
level, we must focus on basic issues such as food,
sleep, and safety. Without food, without sleep,
how could we possible focus on the higher level
needs such as respect, education, and
recognition?
Humanistic Theory
Humanistic psychologists particularly Abraham
Maslow believed that people are also motivated
by the conscious desire for personal growth.
Maslow believed that we are separated from lower
animals by our capacity for self-actualisation.
Self-actualisation is self-initiated striving to
become what one is capable of being; the motive
for reaching ones full potential, for expressing
ones unique capabilities.
Types of Goals
Performance Goals
Goals framed in terms of performing well in
front of others, being judged favourably, and
avoiding criticism.
Job insecurity
Unsatisfactory working conditions
Inadequate salaries
No incentives
Unsatisfactory promotion policy
No added benefits
Poor liaison of employer / administration with
employees