Elbow Anatomy

Medial

Epicondyle
Lateral Epicondyle
Trochlea and Capitulum
Olecranon Process
Ulna and Radius
Radial Head
Interosseus Membrane
http://www.courses.vcu.edu/DANC291-00
3/elbow_jt.jpg
- Pic of Bony Anatomy

 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Elbow Anatomy

http://images.main.uab.edu/healthsys/ei_0153.jpg

Elbow Anatomy (2)

Humeroulnar joint

______________
Trochlea of humerus
_______________

Flexion (0 150)
Extension (0)-some hyperextension(-5 to -15)
Ligaments:

_________________________
_________________________

Elbow Anatomy (3)

Radioulnar
Not

joint

part of elbow but associated with

__________________________
Supported by the annular ligament which
binds the head of the radius to the radial
notch of the ulna forming the joint
___________________________

Muscular Anatomy
______________________
Brachioradialis

(flexion with arm neutral)

Brachialis (flexion w/ pronation)
______________________
Pronator Group (pronation)
______________________
http://images.main.uab.edu/healthsys/ei
_0153.jpg
- biceps attachment

Bursa, Blood and Nerve

Supply
Bursa-

_____________________
Blood supply
Brachial

artery

___________
___________

Nerve

supply

Brachial

plexus extends into the radial and

ulna nerve***

Prevention of Injuries
General

muscular condition
Restrict pitching/ teach proper form
Make sure equipment is proper (ie:
racquet)- grip size, racquet weight
Teach shoulder roll method of fallingexample volleyball players rolling after a
dig

Contusions
MOI: Direct contact
HOPS

__________________________________
Limited range of motion

TX

Rule out fracture first

Ice, wrap and pad area
Avoid aggressive stretching and strengthening
Watch for ectopic bone formation

________________________________

Olecranon Bursitis
Olecranon

bursa is largest in elbow

MOI: fall on bent arm, leaning on elbow
for long periods, infection
HOPS
____________________________

Tx:

ice, compression, pad area

If associated with fever: refer

_____________________________

http://www.aafp.org/afp/971101a
p/salzfig3.jpg

http://www.physsportsmed.c
om/issues/2000/03_00/mcfar
land4.gif

Elbow Sprains (1 UCL)

MOI: valgus force, repetitive stress
HOPS:

Pain over medial joint especially in cocking phase

or acceleration phase of throwing
Point tenderness over joint line
____________________________________
____________________________

Tx: rest, general strengthening of flexors/

pronators; _________________________
________________________________

Elbow Dislocations
MOI: ____________________________
______________________________, falling on
outstretched hand
HOPS

Obvious deformity
Snapping or cracking sensation
Severe pain
Forearm in flexion and appears shortened

Tx:

immobilize and refer MED EMERGENCY

Check neurovascular status

-http://www.worldortho.com/database/introtrauma/pics/img0123.jpg
http://www.angelfire.com/sc2/seahawksportsmed/injpi
x.html

Medial Epicondylitis
______________________________
MOI: repetitive tension or valgus forces on
the arm
HOPS

Swelling, ecchymosis over medial epicondyle

Pain aggravated by pronation and resisted flexion
of wrist
_________________________________

Tx: RICE, Strengthening/Stretching, look at

technique

http://www.esportmed.com/smrn/figures/Golfer
ElbowInjury.gif

Lateral Epicondylitis
__________________
Most

common overuse injury in the

adult elbow
MOI: _______________________
______________________
Precursor: too large tennis racquet,
gripping racket too tightly, excessive
string tension, faulty mechanics

Lateral Epicondylitis (2)

HOPS

Pain over lateral epicondyle

Pain with resisted wrist extension
+ tennis elbow test

Tx

RICE
__________________________________
_________________________
Counter force brace

Impingement of Ulnar nerve

Ulnar nerve passes behind humerus in ulnar
groove
_______________
HOPS

_________________
Can be caused from a medial elbow injury
crazy bone or funny bone
Tingling and numbness in ring and little finger
__________________

Refer if chronic

Strength Testing
Elbow

flexion
Elbow extension
Wrist flexion and extension
Pronation
Supination

Stress Tests
Valgus

(UCL)/Varus (RCL) stress test

Positive Sign is laxity
Tennis Elbow test-(Lateral Epicondylitis)
- Positive Sign is increased pain
Tinels sign (Ulnar nerve) Numbness,
Tinkling into Ulnar nerve region.