DYNAMICS OF

RIGID BODIES

 Dynamics

is the branch of mechanics

which deals with the study of bodies in
motion

Two branches of Dynamics

1.

Kinematics is the geometry of motion

2.

Kinetics is the branch of mechanics

that relates the force acting on a body
to its mass and acceleration.

 Acceleration

Is the rate of change of velocity

a=dv/dt

Velocity

is the rate of change of

displacement.
V=ds/dt

Rectilinear Motion the motion of translating

body in a straight line.
Curvilinear Motion the motion of translating
body in a curved path.

Rectilinear Motion with constant

Acceleration
A

ball is dropped from the top of a

tower 80 ft high at the same instant
that a second ball is thrown upward
from the ground with an initial
velocity of 40 ft/sec. When and
where do they pass.

Rectilinear Motion with constant

Acceleration
A

stone is thrown upward with

an initial velocity of 5 m/sec at
the edge of a 500-m cliff.
Determine the time the stone
will take to touch the bottom of
the cliff.

Rectilinear Motion with constant

Acceleration
A

stone is thrown upward from

the ground with an initial
velocity of 99.18 m/sec.
Determine the time it will take
to return to the ground.

Rectilinear Motion with constant

Acceleration
An automobile starting from rest
speeds up to 40 ft per sec with a
constant acceleration of 4 ft/sec2, runs
at this speed for a time, and finally
comes to rest with a deceleration of 5
ft/sec2. If the total distance traveled is
1000 ft, find the total time required.

Rectilinear Motion with Variable

Acceleration

When

bodies are acted upon by variable forces, they

move with variable acceleration
Fnet = ma
if
Fnet = constant then a=constant
if
Fnet = ma
Fnet = varying then a=varying

Rectilinear Motion with Variable Acceleration:

Five (5) cases

Case I. The displacement is given in terms of the time

s = f(t)

Case II . The acceleration is expressed in terms of the time

a = f(t)

Case III. The velocity is given in terms of the time

v = f(t)

Case IV. On of the principal variables is expressed in terms

of an adjacent variable
a = f(v)
v = f(s)

Rectilinear Motion with Variable Acceleration:

Problem 1

The

motion of a particle is given by the equation

where s is in feet and t is in seconds. Compute the values of v and

a when t = 2 sec.

Rectilinear Motion with Variable Acceleration:

Problem 2

particle
moves in a straight line according to the law

where is in feet and t in seconds.

(a)

When t= 5 sec, compute the velocity?

(b)

Find the average velocity during the fourth.

(c)

When the particle again comes to rest, what is its

acceleration?

Rectilinear Motion with Variable Acceleration:

Problem 3

The motion of a particle is defined by the

relation

where a is in feet per second2 and t in

seconds. It is known that s=1 ft and
v=2ft/sec when t=1 sec. Determine the
relations between v and t, s and t, and v
and s.

Rectilinear Motion with Variable Acceleration:

Problem 4

The

rectilinear motion of a particle is given by

9

where s is in feet and v in feet per second.

When t=0, s=0 and v=3 ft/sec. Find the s-t, v-t and at relations.

Rectilinear Motion with Variable Acceleration:

Problem 5

The velocity of a particle moving along the xaxis is defined by

where x is in feet and v in feet per second.

Compute the value of the acceleration when
x = 2ft

Rectilinear Motion with Variable Acceleration:

Problem 6

The motion of a particle is governed by the

equation

where a is in ft/sec2 and s in ft.

When t=1 sec, s=4 ft and v=2 ft/sec.
Determine the relations between v and t, s and
t, v and s