Fourier transformation

1. Fourier transformation 1D
2. Fourier transformation 2D
3. Realization of the FT
4. The proprieties of the FT
5. The function of convolution
6. The functions of correlation
and autocorrelation
7. Correlation recognition

Fourier transformation 1D

Direct FT
F wx F x exp[-j wxx ]dx
Inverse FT
F x F wx exp[j wxx)]dwx

The signal u(t) and

his approximation

Fourier transformation 1D
Fwx Fxexp[j(wxx)]dx
exp[j(wxx)] coswxx + jsinwxx
Fwx Fxexp[j(wxx)]dx
=Fx[coswxx + jsinwxx]dx
Fxcoswxxdx + jFxsinwxxdx=
=Rwx + jXwx

A(wx )=SQRT(R(wx) 2 +X(wx) 2 )

Q(wx)=Arctg(X(wx)/R(wx))

Fourier transformation 2D
Direct FT
Fwx,wy Fx,yexp[j(wxx+wyy]dxdy

Inverse FT
Fx,y Fwx,wyexp[j(wxx+wyy]dwxdwy

Fourier transformation 2D
Fwx,wy Fx,yexp[j(wxx+wyy]dxdy
Fwx,wy Rwx,wy+jXwx,wy =
Awx,wyexp[jQwx,wy] =
Fx,ycoswxx+wyydxdy+

jFx,ysinwxx+wyydxdy
Awx,wy [Rwx,wy]2 + [Xwx, wy]212

Realization of the FT
1. Fwx,y Fx,yexp[j(wxx]dx
2. Fwx,wy Fwx,yexp[j(wyy]dy

The proprieties of the FT

1. The functional properties
For a symmetric function F(x,y),
F(x,y)=F(-x,-y)
FT{F(x,y)}= F(wx,wy) =
=F(wx,wy)exp[jQ(wx,wy)]
=FT{F(-x,-y)} = F(-wx, -wy)

For a non symmetric function F(x,y),

F(x,y)F(-x, -y)
FT{F(-x,-y)}= F*(wx,wy) =
=F(wx,wy)exp[jQ(wx,wy)]

2. The linearity
FT{a1F1(x,y)+...+anFn(x,y)} =
a1FT{F1(x,y)}+...+anFT{Fn(x, y)}
3. Scale change
FT{F(ax,by)} = [F(wx/a, wy/b)]/(a.b)

4. Translation
FT{F(x-a,y-b)}=F(wx,wy)exp(-j(wxa + wyb))
5. Fourier transformation of convolution
FT{F(x,y)*H(x,y)}=F(wx,wy)H(wx,wy)
6. Fourier transformation of product
FT{F(x,y)H(x,y)}=F(wx,wy)*H(wx,wy)

FUNCTION OF CORRELATION
C(x,y)=F(x,y)#H(x,y)=
= FT-1{FT[F(x,y)][FT*[H(x,y)]}=
= FT-1{FT[F(x,y)][FT[H*(x,y)]}=
= FT-1{F(u,v)H*(u,v)}=
= FT-1{F(u,v)exp[jQF]H(u,v)exp[jQH]} =
= FT-1[F(u,v)H(u,v)exp[j{QF-QH}]] =
= Fx,yH*(x-,y-)dxdy

FUNCTION OF
AUTOCORRELATION
CA(x,y) = F(x,y)#F(x,y) =
= FT-1{FT[F(x,y)][FT[F*(x,y)]}=
FT-1{FT[F(x,y)][FT*[F(x,y)]}=
= FT-1{F(u,v)F*(u,v)}=
= FT-1{F(u,v)exp[jQF]F(u,v)exp[jQF]} =
FT-1[F(u,v)2]

CORRELATION RECOGNITION
CiMx,y Fx,y#Hix,y
Max[CiMx,y], i1,N

THE EXERCISES
1. To describe 1D direct Fourier transform in analog form
2. To describe 1D inverse Fourier transform in analog form
3. The graphical interpretation of the Fourier transform
4. To describe 1D Fourier transform via cos and sin components
5. To describe 1D Fourier transform via real and imaginary components
6. To describe the real component of the 1D Fourier transform
7. To describe the imaginary component of the 1D Fourier transform
8. To describe 1D Fourier transform amplitude and phase components
9. To describe the amplitude component of the 1D Fourier transform
10.To describe the phase component of the 1D Fourier transform
11. To describe the amplitude component of the 1D Fourier transform via real
and imaginary components
12. To describe the phase component of the 1D Fourier transform via real and
imaginary components
13.To describe 1D direct Fourier transform in digital form
14.To describe 1D inverse Fourier transform in digital form

THE EXERCISES
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

To describe 2D direct Fourier transform in analog form

To describe 2D inverse Fourier transform in analog form
To describe 2D Fourier transform via cos and sin components
To describe 2D Fourier transform via real and imaginary components
To describe the real component of the 2D Fourier transform
To describe the imaginary component of the 2D Fourier transform
To describe 2D Fourier transform amplitude and phase components
To describe the amplitude component of the 2D Fourier transform
To describe the phase component of the 2D Fourier transform
To describe the amplitude component of the 2D Fourier transform via real
and imaginary components
25. To describe the phase component of the 2D Fourier transform via real and
imaginary components
26. To describe 2D direct Fourier transform in digital form
27. To describe 2D inverse Fourier transform in digital form

THE EXERCISES
28.To describe the algorithm of the realization of the 1D direct digital FT
29.To describe the algorithm of the realization of the 1D inverse digital FT
30.To describe the algorithm of the realization of the 2D direct analog FT
31.To describe the algorithm of the realization of the 2D inverse analog FT
32.To describe the algorithm of the realization of the 2D direct digital FT
33.To describe the algorithm of the realization of the 2D inverse digital FT
34.The functional FT property for a symmetric function
35.The functional FT property for a non symmetric function
35.The 1D conjugated FT
37.The 2D conjugated FT
38.The linearity property of the FT
39.To process the expression: FT{bF(x) + cD(x) dL(x)}
40.The scale change property of the FT
41.To process the expression: FT{eF(x)} and to interpret for e<1, e>1

THE EXERCISES
42.The translation property of the FT
43.To process the expression: FT{F(x-k)}
44.The property of the FT of the convolution of the functions
45.To process the expression: FT{F(x)*D(x)}
46.The property of the FT of the product of the functions
47.To process the expression: FT{C(x)Z(x)}
48.To describe 1D correlation function
49.To describe 1D correlation function via FT
50.To describe 2D correlation function
51.To describe 2D correlation function via FT
52.To describe 1D auto correlation function
53.To describe 1D auto correlation function via FT
54.To describe 2D auto correlation function
55.To describe 2D auto correlation function via FT