SYSTEM FOR ASSISTED

MOBILITY USING EYE

MOVEMENTS BASED ON
ELECTROOCULOGRAPHY

GUIDED BY:
SAJITH.V
PROFESSOR IN ECE

PRESENTED BY:
SANITHA.K
No:53
S7 AEI

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
ELECTROOCULOGRAPHY
EYE MODEL BASED ON EOG
GUIDANCE OF A WHEELCHAIR
VARIOUS GUIDANCE STRATEGIES
GUIDANCE CHARACTERISTICS
EOG Vs EEG
CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION

EOG is a method of sensing eye movement

Based on recording the standing corneal-retinal
potential
The potential can be considered as a steady
electric dipole
With a negative pole at fundus and positive
pole at the cornea
The EOG value varies from 50 to 3500
microvolt
Factors Effecting EOG
3

EOG

The EOG is captured by by five electrodes placed

around the eye
D-E electrodes are used to detect the horizontal
movement
B-C electrodes are used to detect vertical
movement
A is the reference electrode placed
on the forehead

EYE MODEL BASED ON EOG

EYE MODEL BASED ON EOG

Separate saccadic and smooth eye movements

and calculate the eye position in the socket
Filter eliminates the effects due to other
biopotentials
Security detects when the eyes are
closed,whereupon the output is disabled
Detectors detect whether it is saccadic or
smooth eye movement
If a saccadic movement is detected position
control is used to calculate the position
7

CONTD

The final position is calculated as the sum of the

saccadic and smooth movements
The model parameters are adjusted in according
with the angle detected,to adapt itself to the
possible variations of acquisition conditions

WHEELCHAIR GUIDANCE
SCHEME

GUIDANCE OF WHEELCHAIR
USING EOG

The EOG signal is recorded by means of AgAgcl electrodes

This data is sent to an onboard computer in
which they are processed to calculate the eye
gaze direction
This serves as the basis for drawing up the
control strategy
Controller implements the high level control
and generates the linear and angular speed
commands of the wheel chair
10

CONTD

The wheelchair kinematics model then

transforms these speeds into angular speed for
each wheel
These are sent to a low-level control where two
close loop speed controls are implemented

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GUIDANCE STRATEGIES

The wheelchair can be controlled by various

guidance strategies
Direct access guidance
Scanning guidance
Guidance by eye commands

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DIRECT ACCESS INTERFACE

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INTERFACE OF SCANNING
GUIDANCE

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GUIDANCE BY EYE
COMMANDS

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MOVEMENT COMMANDS

UP
:The wheelchair moves forward
DOWN:The wheelchair moves backward
RIGHT:The wheelchair moves to the right
LEFT :The wheelchair moves to the left

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GUIDANCE
CHARACTERISTICS

Guidance strategy
Self confidence of the user
Interface comfort
Comfort for generating the trajectory
Degree of concentration

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EOG Vs EEG

EOG signal measurements are much easier

than EEG
Higher amplitude than EEG signals
EOG based systems are less expensive,efficient
and practical compared with EOG

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CONCLUSIONS

An eye model based on EOG is proposed and a

study is made of its ability to determine the eye
position within socket
It is also possible to codify ocular actions as
commands and apply them to mobility
Presented a control system that allows the
handicapped ,especially those with only eye
motor coordination to control a wheelchair
Different strategies of electrooculographic
guidance has been commented
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REFERENCES

D. G. Evans, R. Drew, and P. Blenkhorn, Controlling

mouse pointerposition using a infrared head-operated
joystick, IEEE Trans. Rehab.Eng., vol. 8, Mar. 2008
Research group of the SIAMO Project, The SIAMO
project: IntegralSystem for Assisted Mobility, IEEE
Robot. Automat. Special Issue inRes. Autonomous
Robotic Wheelchair in Europe, 2009
F. Cincotti, D. Mattia, F. Aloise, S. Bufalari, G. Schalk, G.
Oriolo,A. Cherubini, M. G. Marciani, and F. Babiloni,
Non-invasivebrain-computer interface system: Towards
its application as assistivetechnology, Brain Res. Bull.,
vol. 75, no. 6, pp. 796803, Apr. 15, 2008.

20

CONTD.

[15] S. P. Levine, J. E. Huggins, S. L. BeMent, R. K.

Kushwaha, L. A. Schuh,M. M. Rohde, E. A. Passaro, D.
A. Ross, K. V. Elisevich, and B. J. Smith,A direct brain
interface based on event-related potentials, IEEE
Trans.Rehabil. Eng., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 180185, Jun.
2000.
[16] S. Venkataramanan, P. Prabhat, S. R. Choudhury,
H. B. Nemade, andJ. S. Sahambi, Biomedical
instrumentation based on EOG signal processingand
application to a hospital alarm system, in Proc. IEEE
ICISIP,Chennai, India, 2005, pp. 535540

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THANK YOU.

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QUESTIONS????

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