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stability
and
OBJECTIVES
Reducing the volume of voids =
reducing the porosity.
Filling the voids that cannot be
eliminated = reducing the
permeability.
Increasing the bonding between
grains = increasing the mechanical
strength.
Effective utilization of
locally available
Encouraging
the
use
of
Industrial
Methods of Soil
Stabilization
Mechanical Stabilization
Soil Cement Stabilization
Soil Lime Stabilization
Soil Bitumen Stabilization
Lime Fly ash Stabilization
Lime Fly ash Bound Macadam.
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Mechanical Stabilization
Mechanical stabilization is accomplished by
mixing or blending soils of two or more
gradations to obtain a material meeting the
required specification. The soil blending may
take place at the construction site, a central
plant, or a borrow area. The blended material is
then spread and compacted to required densities
by conventional means.
Gradation
Properties of the Soil
Mineral Composition
Compaction
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Mechanical Strength
When the soil is used in small proportion to
fill up the voids the crushing strength of
aggregates is important
Gradation
A well graded aggregate soil mix results in a
mix with high dry density and stability values
Properties of soil
A mix with Plasticity Index, results poor
stability under soaking conditions. Hence it is
desirable to limit the plasticity index of the soil
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PHYSICAL
STABILISATION
IN THIS TECHNIQUE MORE THAN TWO OR THREE SOILS ARE
BLENDED TO IMPROVE THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WEAK SOIL.
QUITE OFTEN SOME ADDITIVES MAY ALSO BE ADDED FOR THE
PURPOSE.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
CEMENT STABILISATION
LIME STABILISATION
BITUMEN STABILISATION
CHEMICAL STABILISATION
RESIN STABILISATION
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Soil
Cement
Pulverization and Mixing
Compaction
Curing
Additives
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Soil
THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Particle Size Distribution
Clay content
Specific Surface
Liquid limit and Plasticity Index
Cement
A increase in cement content
generally causes increase in strength and
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durability
Compaction
By increasing the amount of compaction dry
density of the mix, strength and durability
also increases
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Curing
Adequate Moisture content is to be retained
in
order to accelerate the strength
Additives
There are some additives to improve
properties
Lime
Sodium hydroxide
Sodium Carbonate
Calcium Chloride
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Type of Lime
After long curing periods all types of limes
produce same effects. However quick lime
has been found more effective than hydrated
lime
Calcium Carbonate must be heated at higher
temperature to form Quick lime calcium
oxide( CaO)
Calcium oxide must be slaked ( by the
addition of water) to form Hydrated lime
Compaction
Compaction is done at OMC and maximum
dry density.
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Curing
The strength of soil-lime increases with
curing
period upto several years. The rate of
increase is rapid during initial period
The humidity of the surroundings also
affects the strength
Additives
Sodium metasilicate, Sodium hydroxide and
Sodium Sulphate are also found useful
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additives
Soil- Bituminous
Stabilization
Types of Bitumen
Amount of Mixing
Increasing proportion of bitumen causes a
decrease in dry density but increases the
stability after a certain bitumen content
The optimum bitumen content for maximum
stability generally ranges from 4 to 6%
Mixing
Improved type of mixing with low mixing
period
may be preferred
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Compaction
Effective Compaction results higher
stability and resistance to absorb
water
Additives
Anti stripping and reactive chemical
additives have been tried to
improve the properties of the mixes
Portland cement can also be used
along with the soil bitumen
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The
End
..Thank
you.
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