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Twist (3.1-3.5)
MAE 314 Solid Mechanics
Yun Jing
Transmission Shaft
Force Couples
Torsion: Shear Stress & Twist
We assume
Angle of Twist
(x) = 0 at x = 0
(x) = at x = L
x
( x)
L
Torsion: Shear Stress & Twist
Shearing Strain
Shearing Strain
max
max
c
Shearing Strain
min
c1
max
c2
max G max
Gc
max
L
c
Torque
max
c
2
dA max dA
c
max
2
T max dA
dA
c
c A
A
2
Torque
max
max
Tc
2
dA
max
c A
c
J
max
Gc
Gc Tc
L
J
TL
GJ
10
Torque
Ti Li
i
i 1
i 1 Gi J i
T ( x)
dx
GJ ( x)
0
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Inclined Plane
12
Inclined Plane
y
cos 2 sin 2
cos 2
13
Inclined Plane
max occurs at = 0, 90
max occurs at = 45
max = max
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Example Problem
Part 1. For the 60 mm diameter solid cylinder and loading
shown,
determine the maximum shearing stress.
Part 2. Determine the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder , of
80 mm
outer diameter, for which the maximum stress is the same as
in part 1.
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Example Problem
Part 1. For the aluminum shaft shown (G = 27 GPa), determine
the torque
T that causes an angle of twist of 4o.
Part 2. Determine the angle of twist caused by the same
torque T in a solid
cylindrical shaft of the same length and cross-sectional area.
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Torsion: Statically
Indeterminate Problems and
Transmission Shafts (3.6-3.8)
MAE 314 Solid Mechanics
Yun Jing
17
18
M=RN
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dAB
LAB
rC
rB
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A circular shaft AB consists of a 10-in.-long, 7/8-in.diameter steel cylinder, in which a 5-in.long,5/8-in.diameter cavity has been drilled from end B. The shaft is
attached to fixed supports at both ends, and a 90 lb.ft
torque is applied at its midsection. Determine the torque
Torsion: Shear
exerted on the shaft by each
of Stress
the& Twist
supports.
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Transmission Shafts
Turbine
P T
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Transmission Shafts
= rad/s
T = Nm (SI)
T = ftlb (English)
P = Watts (1 W = 1 Nm/s) (SI)
P = ftlb/s (1 horsepower = hp = 550 ftlb/s) (English)
2f
f Hz s 1
P 2fT
Torsion: Statically Indeterminate Problems and
Transmission Shafts
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Example Problem
A 1.5 meter long solid steel shaft of 22 mm diameter is to
transmit 12 kW. Determine the minimum frequency at
which the
shaft can rotate, knowing that G = 77.2 GPa, that the
allowable
shearing stress is 30 MPa, and that the angle of twist
must not
exceed 3.5o.
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Flange coupling
25
max
Tc
K
J
Fillet
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Example Problem
The stepped shaft shown rotates at 450 rpm. Knowing that r =
0.25 in,
determine the maximum power that can be transmitted
without
exceeding an allowable shearing stress of 7500 psi.
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