Landforms

of the Earth

Anna Mae T. Cayanan BEED2-A

What is

LANDFORM?
Alandformis a natural feature
of the Earth's surface.
2 Processes that are responsible in
the changes and formation of
landforms:
ENDOGENOUS PROCESSES
EXOGENOUS PROCESSES

ENDOGENOUS PROCESSES
Endogenous processes are processes
that happen beneath the Earth such
as faulting, folding and volcanic
activities.
Endogenous processes cause many
majorlandformfeatures.

FAULTING, FOLDING AND VOLCANIC

ACTIVITIES

EXOGENOUS PROCESSES
Exogenous processes are those that
happen on the surface of the Earth.
3 main exogenous processes are:
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition

The different landforms of the

Earth could be categorized into
three based on their size,
magnitude and relief features.
Relief means highest/ lowest
elevation points in an area.

Categories of
LANDFORMS

according to

RELIEF FEATURES

 First Order of Relief

Those are big and vast like the
continent and ocean basins.
Second Order of Relief
Those found on the continents
and ocean basins. Examples:
mountain, volcanoes and plains

MOUNTAIN SYSTEMS
CONTINENTAL MOUNTAIN
SYSTEMS
The mountain systems found on the
continents.
OCEANIC MOUNTAIN SYSTEMS
The landforms that are found under
the oceans.

 Third Order of Relief

The landforms that have been formed by
different exogenous processes through the
different agents of erosion.
LEFT-OVERS
This means that the erosional forces or
the different agents of erosion degrade
the mountains, plateaus and other
features by weathering them and carrying
the weathered sediments to the other
places where they are deposited to form
another landform.

 The features that have been eroded are referred

to as residual landforms and those that have
been accumulated are called depositional
landforms.
Examples of residual landforms:
River valleys
Canyons
Examples of depositional landforms:
Deltas
Sand Dunes
Sandbars
Moraines

MORAINE AND DELTA

SAND DUNE, COLORADO

Categories of
LANDFORMS

according to

SIZE

Major
LANDFORMS

4 MAJOR LANDFORMS

PLAINS
A plain is wide stretch offlat land.
This is suitable for planting various
crops like rice and corn. Usually,
people build their homes and
establish settlements with governing
bodies in the plain.

PLAIN OF CENTRAL
LUZON

PLAIN OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL

4 MAJOR LANDFORMS

Mountain
Amountainis a largelandform
that stretches above the
surrounding land in a limited
area, usually in the form of a
peak. A mountain is generally
steeper than ahill.

MOUNTAIN
ANDES MOUNTAIN

MT. EVEREST

MOUNTAIN

MOUNTAIN

4 MAJOR LANDFORMS

Plateau
A plateau is an elevated plain or a
relatively large flat area that stands
above the surrounding land. It rises
from 90 to more than 900 meters (300
to 3000 ft). This is suitable for tending
animals as the temperature here is
cool. It is also ideal for plants that do
not need much water.

PLATEAU
BUKIDNON PLATEAU

PLATEAU
DECCAN PLATEAU

TIBETAN PLATEAU

4 MAJOR LANDFORMS

Hills
It is a land that rises (less than 300
meters) above its surrounding and has
a rounded summit. A hill is a land
formation that is smaller and less
rugged than a mountain.

HILLS
CHOCOLATE HILLS

Minor
LANDFORMS

4 MINOR LANDFORMS
VALLEYS- Avalleyis a low area
between hills/ mountains, often with
a river running through it.
POLOLU
VALLEY
in HAWAII

CAGAYAN VALLEY

NAPA VALLEY in
CALIFORNIA

4 MINOR LANDFORMS
BASINS
A basin is a hollow or depression in Earth's
surface with no outlet for water. This means that
any water that originates in or flows into a basin
does not escape it. A basin can be approximately
circular, resembling a bowl, or it can be ovalshaped. It can be a small structure, measuring
only a few miles in diameter. Often, it is much
larger. A basin is usually surrounded mostly by
higher land. Depending on where it is located, a
basin may sometimes include desert areas, which
are arid or dry regions receiving less than 10
inches (25 centimeters) of rain per year.

GREAT BASIN OF UTAH

The Great Basin stretches through more

than 200,000 square miles in Nevada and
Utah.

4 MINOR LANDFORMS
BUTTES- Abutteis an isolated hill
with steep, often vertical sides and a
small, relatively flat top; buttes are
smaller thanmesas and plateaus.

Mittens and Merrick Butte in

Monument Valley Arizona

BUTTES OF THE CROSS,

UTAH

4 MINOR LANDFORMS
CANYONS- A deep narrow valley with
a steep sides, oftentimes with a
stream flowing to it.

GRAND CANYON IN ARIZONA

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!