Gynecomastia

Common Disorder in males involving

enlargement or swelling of mammary
tissue .
It is usually due to imbalance in
endocrine system leading to a noncancerous enlargement of glandular
tissue.

Generally, no treatment is required for

gynecomastia.
Pbertal gynecomastia resolves itself in
varying times ranginging from weeks to 3
years.
Diagnosing and treatng the underlying
cause of disorder is the primary line of
treatment.
If hypogonadism is the causetestosterone replacement therapy is given

In Patients with Idiopathic gynecomastia

or significant amount of residual
condition after primary line of treatment
has been done medical and surgical
treament can be instituted.
Early treatment of condition gives
satisfying results while older
gynecomastia where fibrotic stage has
resulted does not receive much benefit
from medical treatment.

Admiinistration of clomiphene, an antiestrogen

results in nearly 50% reduction of breast size
and 20% patients get satisfying results with
through the treatment.
Administration of Tamoxifen, an estrogen
antagonist, is done in recent-onset cases.
Nearly 80% patients get partial to complete
resolution.
Danazol, synthetic derivative of testosterone
is also used in some cases to reduce estrogen
synthesis in testicles.

Breast Surgery or Reduction

mammoplasty is considered for
patients affected with macromastia
(where condition has been longstanding) unresponsive to medical
treatment.
This is basically treatment given for
cosmetic reasons for the
psychosocial well-being of the
patient.

In some cases, extensive plastic surgery imay

be required where there is visible sagging of
the breast tissue due to varied reasons (like
weight loss).
The reduction surgery for macromastia or
pseudogynecomastia can be warranted with
liposuction.
Endoscopic subcutaneous mastectomy has
also been found to be effective treatment,
according to Chinese study involving 65
patients.

The endoscopic method of treatment

has reportedly brought significant
results with few operative
complications including partial nipple
necrosis.
The post-surgical chest contour was
reportedly satisfactory to most
patients and no recurrences were
observed in 3- 36 month of follow-up
period .

Complications of reduction surgery

include sloughing of tissue that
occurs due to compromised blood
supply, chest- contour irregularity,
formation of hematoma or serotoma,
necrosis and permanent numbness in
the nipple-areolar area.

The term Gynecomastia had been coined

by Galen in 2nd century AD.
The first recorded description of reduction
mammaplasty was done by Paulas of
Aegina in 7th century AD according to
western researchers.
Today a multi-faceted approach combined
with surgery is used to effect an
optimisation of correction of deformity.

The fatty component is removed using

liposuction while the glandular
component requires direct excision.
The Skin is then redraped or resected
over the underlying operated tissues.
Sometimes the condition of gynecomastia
may be highly painful in individuals,
which indicates excessive growth of
glandular tissue.

Besides physical pain, the emotional,

psychological and psychosocial status of the
individual may be in danger due to significant
gynecomastia.
It has been observed that most physicians tend to
ignore the condition even after its detection.
Fortunately, there occurs natural recession of
condition in young boys after puberty, but in
unresolved cases, dangerous situations can result
due to ignoramus , cruel peer behaviour. This can
significantly affect the psychosocial status of
affected individual.

Learn More

For more information on

gynecomastia and its surgical
treatment, please visit the following
link
http://gynecomastiasurgerymumbai.in
/
.