PRESENTED BY

Sowmya
12QE1A0414
ECE

Abstract
This report covers the basis and design of the wireless battery charger.
The wireless charger will convert the RF/ microwave signal at 900 MHz
frequency into a DC signal, and then store the power into an AAA
battery. The project is divided into 3 parts: transmitter, antenna, and
charging circuit. A complete discussion of the specifications of the
battery charger is provided after data measurements. This report also
includes component list and other key information.

Portable electronic devices are very popular these

days. As the usage of portable electronic devices
is increasing, it demands for a longer battery life.
Batteries need to recharged or replaced
periodically.
To overcome this, concept of wireless battery
charging was developed.
So there is a need to make a proto-type device
that converts microwave signal to DC power.

battery charger is a device used to put energy

into rechargeable battery by forcing electric current
through it.
The charging protocol depends on the size and type
of the battery being charged
Some charges might be having temperature or
voltage control sensors to adjust the charging
current and cut off at the end of charge

Fig1:Overall wireless battery charger system

This

design includes a
power transmitter.
Transmitter consists of an
oscillator amplifier and an
antenna.
At a pre-determined
frequency i.e., 900MHz,
oscillations are generated.
These signals are amplified
before transmission.

Fig.2 900 MHz Video/Audio Transmitter

Power:

12V DC, 900 mA

Output Power:

3 Watts

Operating Frequency:

900 MHz

Connector Type:

SMA Female

Output Impedance:

50

Table.1 The specification of the transmitter

To charge a battery, high power DC signal is required.

To choose appropriate antenna, two factors are to be
taken into consideration:
1. Impedance of antenna
2. Gain of antenna
Impedance of the antenna should match with the
output impedance of the power transmitter.
Higher antenna gains yields to a better gain result,
but also increases size and cost of the antenna.
Taking the above design specification into
consideration yagi antennas are best suited.

Figure 3: A picture of the 9 dBi gain Yagi antenna

It is a directional antenna
consisting of a driven
element (typically dipole)
and additional parasitic
elements(usually reflectors
and one or more directors)

Reflector element is slightly

longer than the driven dipole
whereas directors are little
bit shorter. This design
achieves a very substantial
increase in antennas
directionality and gain
compared to simple dipole

Highly directional antennas

such as yagi uda antennas
are commonly referred to as
beam antennas due to there
higher gain.

Block

diagram of a receiver is as
shown in the figure
It

consists of receiving antenna,

rectifier circuit and load(AAA
battery)
Receiver

main purpose is to
charge AAA battery.
Simple

battery charging theory is

to run current through the
battery, and apply the voltage
difference between the terminals
to the battery to reverse the
chemical process.

A full wave rectifier is used due to its simplicity

and efficiency in converting the AC signals.
The full wave rectifier consists of four schottky
diodes.
Schottky diodes are used because of their very
low turn-on voltage and operating frequency of
900Mhz.

The final design the

wireless battery charger
consists of the following
important components:
1.Transmitter
2.Yagi antenna
3.Full-wave rectifiers
circuit
4.RC circuit
5.Battery holder

picture of the transmitter with the Yagi antenna

picture of the final design circuit of the charging circuit

A.

B.

Multiple Rectifiers
By using multiple rectifiers more power gets
rectified. However this design will need a spiral
antenna array which is difficult to design
High Gain Parabolic antenna
Parabolic antenna will be able to transmit
power from transmitter with much higher gain
and receive with greater power than yagi
antenna. Disadvantage is parabolic antenna
are size and fixed-direction antenna.

Advantages:
1. Portable
2. Relatively lesser cost
3. Saves time

Disadvantage:
1. Less efficient

Power loss and efficiency are the major

problems for this design.
The characteristics of diodes must be such
that maximum rectification is possible with
minimum loss.
Time varying current and voltage
relationship at the physical point of the
diode in the cavity determines loss in the
diode hence the dc efficiency. So, it is
essential to limit this loss.