Huawei Agile Stadium Solution Design Guide

Security Level:
Huawei WLAN Stadium

Coverage Solution
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd.
HUAWEI Confidential
Contents
Project Preparation
Product Selection
Bandwidth Design
Deployment Design
Project Case
COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Page 2
WLAN Planning Steps

Project
Requirement
collection
Pre-sales
network
planning
Customer
communication
and quotation
Detailed site
survey
After-sales
network
planning
Product selection
Bandwidth design
AP capacity design
Network
planning
solution
AP deployment
Channel planning
Cable route and power supply design
Page 3
Delivery
Requirement Collection and Site Survey

Item
Stadium structure
Coverage area
User distribution
Description
Prepare a scale drawing of the stadium and learn the stadium structure (some pictures or materials can be found on the
Internet).
Determine the target coverage areas, including the stand, parking lot, and corridor.
Obtain user distribution information, including the total number of users in the stadium, user distribution on each stand.
Usually, the user density varies in different areas of the stadium.
Service type
Describe the major types of services transmitted on the WLAN: video, web page browsing, or VIP.
Percentage of
Check whether the customer has special requirements on the percentage of concurrent users. Usually, the number of
concurrent users
concurrent users accounts for 20% of total users.
Terminal type
Usually, the ratio of 2.4 GHz terminals to 5 GHz terminals is 1:1. The proportion of 5 GHz terminals increases as more and
more 5 GHz devices are used.
Available channels Check available 5 GHz channels supported at the local site.
Safety certification Check whether CE or FCC compliance is required.

Installation
position
Operating
environment
Learn the preferred installation positions of customers and determine the possible installation positions with the customer.
Check whether the local temperature and humidity meets requirements.
To ensure successful delivery of the network planning solution, conduct detailed site surveys at the
early stage to collect related information and clarify customer requirements according to Stadium Site
Survey Information List.
Page 4
Stadium Site
Survey Information List
Contents
Project Preparation
Product Selection
Bandwidth Design
Deployment Design
Project Case
Page 5
AP Selection: Indoor Settled APs

AP5010 series
AP5010SN/DN
AP6010 series
AP6010SN/DN
AP7110 series
AP7110SN/DN
Product positioning
Small and medium enterprises,

mid-range market
Small, medium, and large

enterprises, mid-range market
Medium and large enterprises
MIMO
2x2
2x2
3x3
Number of concurrent
users supported
30/50
40/60
60/100
Maximum number of
users supported
128
128
128
Antenna type
Built-in antenna
Built-in antenna
External antenna
Maximum transmit
power for each antenna
17 dBm*
20 dBm*
20 dBm*
Power consumption
6.0 W / 9.5 W
6.5 W / 10.2 W
8.7 W / 15.7 W
Power supply mode
PoE: -48 V DC
PoE: -48 V DC
PoE: -48 V DC
BYOD
High-density mode
Working mode
Fit/Fat
Fit/Fat
Fit
Operating temperature
-10-50
-10-50
-10-55
Wi-Fi standard
a/b/g/n
a/b/g/n
a/b/g/n
Huawei APs
Appearance
"*"- Transmit power of the antenna can be adjusted according to

requirements of different countries.
Select proper indoor AP models to cover indoor corridors, VIP rooms, and lounges based on user density, area structure, and wall distributions.
Page 6
AP Selection: Outdoor APs

Outdoor series
AP6510DN
Outdoor series
AP6610DN
High-density mode
MIMO
2x2
2x2
Number of concurrent users supported
60
60
Maximum number of users supported
128 per radio
128 per radio
Antenna type
External antenna
External antenna
Maximum transmit power for each

antenna
26 (2.4 GHz)+20 (5 GHz) dBm*
27 (2.4 GHz) + 24 (5 GHz) dBm*
Power consumption
25.5 W
30 W
Power supply mode
PoE: -48 V DC
Local AC power supply
Working mode
Fit/Fat
Fit/Fat
Operating temperature
-40-60
-40-60
Wi-Fi standard
a/b/g/n
a/b/g/n
Uplink interface
ETH: 10/100/1000M
SFP or ETH
Protection grade
IP67
IP67
Huawei APs
Appearance
"*"- Transmit power of the antenna can be adjusted according to

requirements of different countries.
1. Usually, stands of a large stadium are semi-open. Rains, dews, and direct sunlight may cause damage to APs; therefore, outdoor APs
are recommended.
2. At the stands, if the distance between the AP and access switch is smaller than 80 m, use the AP6510DN (PoE power supply is
supported).
Page 7
Antenna Selection
18 (2.4 GHz)
15 (5 GHz)
60 (2.4 GHz)
60 (5 GHz)
Number of antennas
required by each AP
Applicable frequency
2.4 GHz
5 GHz
2.4 GHz
5 GHz
Gain (dBi)
18 *
19 *
11.5 *
12 *
Horizontal lobe
18
15
60
60
Vertical lobe
18
15
30
30
Polarization mode
Dual-polarized
Dual-polarized
Dual-polarized
Dual-polarized
Interface
N-female*2
N-female*2
N-female*2
N-female*2
Applicable APs
AP6510DN
AP6610DN
AP6510DN
AP6610DN
AP6510DN
AP6610DN
AP6510DN
AP6610DN
Dimension (mm)
340*340*25
250*250*25
250*155*60
230*145*55
Part number
27011344
27010890
27010812
27010889
Appearance
"*" -Attenuators need to be configured to meet safety

certification requirements of different countries.
1. It is recommended that you use small angle antennas in areas with a high user density, such as the stands. Small angle
antennas can control the AP coverage area within the effective range to reduce interference.
2. Use 60antennas in areas with a low user density, such as the parking lot.
Page 8
Contents
Project Preparation
Product Selection
Bandwidth Design
Deployment Design
Project Case
Page 9
Terminal Bandwidth Design

Key indicator: delay < 4s
Typical applications and their percentages on the

live network
Key indicator of web page browsing: delay
Key Indicator & Typical Value

Medium
Application
Symmetry
One-way
delay
Impact
Data
HTML page
browsing
One-way
< 4s/Page
N/A
Packet loss
N/A
Source: 3GPP 22105
Ensure good user experience: delay < 4s
Application
10, 2012 CQ of some Operator

Source: 10, 2012 CQ of some Operator
HTML page
browsing
Key Factor that Affects
Service
Experience
Display delay: < 3s
Quite smooth
Excellent
Display delay: 3-8s
Smooth
Good
Display delay: 8-15s
Congested
Poor
Experience
Source: Huawei mLab
Most applications on the current network require a delay smaller than 4s.
Page 10
Terminal Bandwidth Design

Bandwidth requirements for stadium mainstream applications
Web
Web page
page browsing
browsing is
is used
used as
as an
an example.
example. The
The required
required bandwidth
bandwidth is
is calculated
calculated as
as follows:
follows:
Rate
Rate == size
size of
of aa web
web page/delay
page/delay == (200
(200 KB
KB xx 8)/4
8)/4 == 400
400 kbps
kbps
Bandwidth required by typical applications
Applications
Required Data Rate
Remarks
Web page
browsing
160-400 kbps
Size of a web page: 200 KB; delay: 4 to 10s
Video streaming 280-560 kbps
Real-time services
Instant
messaging
32-64 kbps
2 KB/Session, 0.5s
Email
400 kbps
100 KB/Session, 2s
Social
networking
200 kbps
50 KB/Session, 2s
VoIP
256 kbps
Real-time services, for example, 256 kbps GBR for Face Time
Game
200 kbps
25 KB, 1s
Video services require a bandwidth of 500 kbps, and other applications require a bandwidth of 250 kbps.
Example:
A stadium plans to construct a WLAN for web page browsing, photo uploading on social networks, and video playing. The
average bandwidth required by terminals is calculated as follows:
40% x web page browsing + 40% x social networking + 20% x video playing = 400 kbps x 40% + 200 kbps x 40% + 500 kbps x
20% = 340 kbps
Page 11
Concurrent User Model
Fans within the

coverage area of
the APs
Fans connected to
the Wi-Fi network
Fans that use the

network
concurrently
Example:
Seating Capacity
Quantity Percentage
Audience members with smart phones
Smart phones connected to the Wi-Fi
network
Smart phones that use Wi-Fi services
concurrently
80000
100%
80000
100%
24000
30%
30% smart terminals use WLAN services

concurrently.
Page 12
Contents
Project Preparation
Product Selection
Bandwidth Design
Deployment Design
Project Case
Page 13
Typical Coverage Mode (1)Side Mode

AP distance > 7.5 m (four 2.4 GHz channels are used)
Last row of seats
Stand
First row of seats
1.
2.
Use 18 2.4 GHz antennas and 15 5 GHz antennas.

Ensure that AP distance is larger than 7.5 m to prevent interference
among APs.
Football ground
Page 14
AP6510DN or AP6610DN

Ceiling
Stand
Football ground
Page 15

1.
2.
In side mode, APs and antennas can be installed above the seats in the last row of each layer. APs are
placed in a line, which facilitates cable deployment and power supply (See Figure 1).
If APs are installed at places near the audience, hide the APs, for example, hiding APs behind the
billboards, as shown in Figure 2.
Figure1
Figure 2
Page 16
Typical Coverage Mode (2) Overhead Mode

Last row of seats
AP distance > 7.5 m (four 2.4 GHz channels are used)
Second layer
First row of seats
Last row of seats
First layer
First row of seats
Football ground
Page 17

Ceiling
Stand
Football ground
Page 18

1.Deploy APs in overhead mode if no proper
installation position is available or customers do not
approve installations in the last row of seats.
2.Use 18 2.4 GHz antennas and 15 5 GHz
antennas.
3.Properly design channels of APs to prevent that cochannel interference degrades AP performance.
Page 19
Typical Coverage Mode (3) Floor Mode

Ceiling
Stand
Football ground
Page 20
Typical Coverage Mode (3) Floor Mode

1. Deploy APs in floor mode to enhance signal
coverage if the stand depth is larger than 25 m or
the user density is high (some stadium may have
no standing areas).
2. Adjust downtilt angles of antennas installed above
the last row of seats or on the ceiling to control
coverage areas.
3. Properly design channels of APs to prevent that
co-channel interference degrades AP
performance.
4. Signals need to pass through concrete panels,
seats, and people, which makes them attenuate.
Carry out tests to verify the signal attenuation.
Use indoor APs if the signal attenuation is small,
and use outdoor APs and antennas if the signal
attenuation is large.
Page 21
Coverage Mode Comparisons

Coverage
Mode
Advantage
Disadvantage
Recommends
Side
1. APs and terminals are visible to each

other in line-of-sight distance, with
penetration loss within the allowed
range.
2. The APs are easy to install.
3. APs are placed in a line. Co-channel
APs are far from each other, providing
good anti-interference capability.
1. The last row of seats is near the ceiling.

APs are within reach of the audience. In
this situation, AP protection boxes are
required.
2. If the stand depth is large, customers need
to deploy APs in other modes to enhance
signal coverage.
Overhead
1. APs are easy to install on ceilings with

bridleways.
2. APs and terminals are visible to each
other in line-of-sight distance, with
penetration loss within the allowed
range.
1. It is difficult to install APs on high ceilings

with simple structure.
2. Channel planning must take all APs
around into consideration. This mode has
poor anti-interference capability.
Floor
1. AP signals attenuate due to obstacles.

The AP coverage area can be
controlled. Therefore, many APs can
be deployed to connect more users.
2. APs are deployed at the rear of the
stand, invisible to the audience.
Obstacles between the stand and terminals

are complex; therefore, signal attenuation is
hard to estimate.
Page 22
AP Capacity Design
AP capacity calculation process:
Service type
Total number of
users & Percentage
of concurrent users
Average
bandwidth
required
Number of
concurrent
users
Select
"Bandwidth-AP
concurrent
user" model.
Calculate the
number of APs
required.
Y
Design drawings
& site surveys
Stand size
Determine
distance
between APs:
>7.5 m
Add new coverage modes

and re-calculate the results.
Provide the results:

1. AP location
2. AP quantity
3. Number of users covered
by each AP
4. Percentage of concurrent
users
5. AP concurrent userBandwidth-Distance model
Example:
Based on customer requirements, calculate the average bandwidth required by each user: 300-500 kbps.
Based on the required bandwidth and terminal frequency distribution (2.4 GHz: 5 GHz = 1:1), select the model "400 kbps 50
concurrent users on each AP".
If the total number of users on the first layer of the south stand is 6330 and percentage of concurrent users is 20%, the total number of
users that concurrently use Wi-Fi services is 1266 (6330 x 20% = 1266). And a total of 25 APs are required (1266/50 = 25).
As observed from the drawing, the stand is 120 m long.
If all the APs are deployed in side mode (four channels are available), AP distance is 4.8 m (120/25 = 4.8), which is smaller than 7.5 m.
Interference may be serious.
Add a new AP deployment mode: overhead. Two rows of APs provide signal coverage at the same layer. AP distance is 9.2 m (120/13 =
9.2 m), which meet capacity requirements of the model "400 kbps-50 concurrent users on each AP".
Results:
1. AP location: above the seats in the last row and on ceiling
2. AP quantity: 26 in total, with13 for each row
3. Number of users covered by each AP: 6330/26 = 243
4. Final capacity model: Number of concurrent users on each AP Bandwidth Distance = 50 400 kbps 9.2 m
5. Percentage of concurrent users: 26 x 50/6330 = 20.54%
Page 23
AP Capacity Design (''Bandwidth-AP Distance-Number of C

oncurrent Users on Each AP" Reference Table)
Data in the mapping relationship table is being tested.

Currently, the following typical data is available.
Assume four 2.4 GHz channels are available.
AP distance: 7.5 m
Number of concurrent users on each AP: 50 (2.4 GHz:5 GHz = 1:1)
Average bandwidth per user: 300-500 kbps
Page 24
Channel Design Principles

1. Determine the available channels at the local site.
Determine available 2.4 GHz channels. In counties that support channels 1-13, use channels 1, 9, 13, and 4
to increase the distance between co-channel APs if many APs need to be deployed.
Available channels vary in different countries and regions. Some countries or regions will reserve some
channels. Select channels based on the conditions at the local site.
Country Code &
In some countries or regions, available 5 GHz channels may differ in indoor and outdoor scenarios. Select
Channel Compliance Table
channels according to local standards.
2. Plan the channels.

AP channels should be properly planned to prevent interference. When planning AP channels, avoid interference from
existing signals, which is of great significance to ensure high access quality.
Overall channel planning rules: Co-channel and adjacent-channel APs should be deployed far from each other to
increase channel multiplexing efficiency. Additionally, interference between APs on the same layer or different layers
should be considered.
3. Example:
Second layer stand

CH9
CH 36
CH1
CH 44
CH13
CH 52
CH5
CH 60
CH9
CH 100
CH1
CH 108
CH13
CH 56
CH5
CH 104
CH9
CH 120
CH1
CH 136
CH13
CH 44
CH5
CH 52
CH13
CH 128
CH5
CH 116
CH9
CH 124
CH1
CH 132
First layer stand

CH13
CH 116
CH5
CH124
CH9
CH 132
CH1
CH 140
CH13
CH 40
CH5
CH 48
CH9
CH 64
CH1
CH 112
Page 25
Deployment of Access Switches

1. Ensure that the cable length from the access switch to APs does not exceed 80 meters (the cable length is not straight-line
distance between the switch and APs but calculated based on cabling rules).
2. Avoid heavy magnetic and electronic interferences on the sites where access switches are installed.
3. Ensure that reliable AC power supply is available on the sites where the access switches are installed.
4. Protect the switches from moisture and dust (purchase protection boxes according to environment situations).
5. Determine the number of access APs based on the number of switch interfaces, PoE power supply capability of the power
module, and AP power consumption (note that outdoor APs have high power consumption).
Page 26
Cabling Rules and Power Supply Modes

Cabling Rules
1. Ensure that the cable length from the AP to the access switch does not
exceed 80 meters.
2. Reserve 5-meter length for cable adjustment.
3. Keep the network cables far away from electromagnetic field.
4. Obtain the customer's and property owner's approval on the cabling routes.
Power Supply Modes
PoE power supply for APs (preferred), in compliance with 802.3at
Local AC power supply (applicable to indoor APs in scenarios where AC

power supply is available)
PoE power supply
Local AC power supply
Power supply using a PoE adapter (applicable to scenarios where no

AC power supply is available)
Using PoE adapter
Page 27
Contents
Project Preparation
Product Selection
Bandwidth Design
Deployment Design
Project Case
Page 28
Stadium High-Density Coverage Project

High-density coverage project for XX stadium
Project Preparation:
The following table describes project requirements collected from customers.
Item
Requirement
Coverage area
Stands and corridors
Switch location
Wired aggregation point marked on the map
Onsite environment
There is no interference source onsite.
Terminal type
Phones and tablets
Service type
User distribution
Available channels
Web page browsing, social networking, and video playing (a few

requirements)
The number of users on the stand at each layer has been collected.
36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 100,104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124,
128,132, 136, 140
Page 29
AP Deployment at the Second Layer Stand
Page 30
AP Deployment at the Second Layer Stand
9m
First row of APs:

Total distance: 650 m
Number of APs
required: 650 m/9 = 72
Second row of APs:
Number of APs required:
580 m/9 = 64
Page 31
Access Switch Deployment at the Second Layer Stand
Ensure that the distance between the

AP and switch is smaller than 80 m.
Maximum power consumption of each
AP: 25 W
Maximum output PoE power of an
access switch: 380 W
Each access switch connects to 10
APs.
Number of access switches required:
(72 + 64)/10 = 14
Page 32
Bandwidth and Capacity Design for the Second

Layer Stand
Total number of APs: 72 + 64 = 136

Total number of users: 28000
Based on the model "Bandwidth-AP distance-Concurrent users on each AP" and the
terminal type ratio (2.4 GHz:5 GHz = 1:1), each AP allows 45 concurrent users and
each user obtains a bandwidth of 300 to 500 kbps.
Number of concurrent users: 45 x 136 = 6120
Percentage of concurrent users: 6120/28000 = 21.85%
All users at the second layer stand can connect to the Wi-Fi network concurrently.
Page 33
AP Deployment at the First Layer Stand
Page 34
AP Deployment at the First Layer Stand
First row of APs:

Number of required APs:
545 m/9 = 60
Second row of APs:

Number of required
APs: 500 m/9 = 55
9m
Page 35
Access Switch Deployment at the First Layer Stand
Ensure that the distance between the AP

and switch is smaller than 80 m.
Maximum power consumption of each
AP: 25 W
Maximum output PoE power of an access
switch: 380 W
Each access switch connects to 10 APs.
Number of access switches required:
(60 + 55)/10 = 12
Page 36
Bandwidth and Capacity Design for the First

Layer Stand
Total number of APs: 60 + 55 = 115

All users at the first layer stand can connect to the Wi-Fi network concurrently.
Page 37
Signal Coverage in Corridors
AP Model
Quantity
Switch
AP 6010DN
46 x 2
6x2
Page 38
Bandwidth Design for Corridors
Total number of APs: 46 for each floor

Total area of each corridor: 5860 m2
Number of users per square meter: 1.2
All users in the corridors can connect to the Wi-Fi network concurrently.
Page 39
Material List
Location
Number
of seats
Second
layer
stand
28000
First layer
stand
23000
Total
51000
AP Location
AP6510DN
Ant1
Ant2
First row
72
72
72
Access
Switch
RF
Cable
Attenuator
288
144
256
128
240
120
220
110
1004
502
14
Second row
64
64
64
First row
60
60
60
Second row
55
55
55
251
251
251
Location
AP6010DN
Access Switch
Indoor corridor
(second floor)
46
Indoor corridor (fifth

floor)
46
12
26
Page 40
Material Statistics
Material
Type
Quantity
Backup
AP6510DN
251
25
AP6010DN
92
Ant1
251
25
Ant2
251
25
AC
AC6605
RF cable
RF Cable-3 m
1004
52
Attenuator
Attenuator-15 dB
502
50
Access switch
S5700-28P-PWR-LI-AC
38
AP
Antenna
Page 41
Thanks
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Page 42
Appendix: Network Planning Support Channel

Network planning solution
In China:
Front-line
personnel
Enterprise
Networking
Professional
Services
HQ
Zhengxiaodong
58904
Zhaoyawei
69768
Outside China:
Front-line
personnel
Enterprise
Networking
Professional
Services
HQ
Xuzhi
00159508
Zhaoyawei
69768
Page 43

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Huawei WLAN Stadium

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd.

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WLAN Planning Steps

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Requirement Collection and Site Survey

concurrent users accounts for 20% of total users.

Safety certification Check whether CE or FCC compliance is required.

Check whether the local temperature and humidity meets requirements.

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

AP Selection: Indoor Settled APs

Small and medium enterprises,

Small, medium, and large

Medium and large enterprises

Power supply mode

"*"- Transmit power of the antenna can be adjusted according to

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

AP Selection: Outdoor APs

Number of concurrent users supported

Maximum number of users supported

128 per radio

128 per radio

Maximum transmit power for each

26 (2.4 GHz)+20 (5 GHz) dBm*

27 (2.4 GHz) + 24 (5 GHz) dBm*

Power supply mode

Local AC power supply

"*"- Transmit power of the antenna can be adjusted according to

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

"*" -Attenuators need to be configured to meet safety

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Terminal Bandwidth Design

Typical applications and their percentages on the

Key indicator of web page browsing: delay

Key Indicator & Typical Value

Source: 3GPP 22105

Ensure good user experience: delay < 4s

10, 2012 CQ of some Operator

Key Factor that Affects

Display delay: < 3s

Display delay: 3-8s

Display delay: 8-15s

Source: Huawei mLab

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Terminal Bandwidth Design

Required Data Rate

Size of a web page: 200 KB; delay: 4 to 10s

Video streaming 280-560 kbps

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Concurrent User Model

Fans within the

Fans that use the

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

30% smart terminals use WLAN services

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Typical Coverage Mode (1)Side Mode

Last row of seats

First row of seats

Use 18 2.4 GHz antennas and 15 5 GHz antennas.

COPYRIGHT 2006 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.