DESIGN OF MULTI-SPINDLE

DRILLING MACHINE
Anubhav Grover*, Jatin Kumar*, Eshan Gupta* and Anmol Bhatia*
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Northcap University (Formerly ITM University),Gurgaon

INTRODUCTION
Conventional drilling machine carries out the following operations :
Drilling
Reaming
Countersinking
Spot facing, etc.
In the conventional manner only one job can be worked at a time for either of the above
operations, but
Increase in productivity demands a special purpose device which can be done by,
Performing operations on more than one job at a time.
Performing multiple operations in one cycle
Indexing capability to sequence operations one after another.

INTRODUCTION
The concept design of the multiple spindle drilling machine consists of the multi spindle drilling
attachment which is having the multiple spindles driven by the motor through a planetary gear
system .
Multi-spindle head machines are used in mechanical industry in order to increase the productivity
of machining systems.
The holes are drilled on number of work pieces with the same accuracy.
Multiple-spindle drilling machines are used for mass production, a great time saver where many
pieces of jobs having many holes are to be drilled.
Feeding motions are obtained either by raising the work table or by lowering the drills head.
The centre distance between the spindles can be adjusted in any position or fixed as required by
the different jobs.

NEED
In right
quality

In right
quantities

To meet the
customer
demands
At right
time

At right
cost

ADVANTAGES
Increased production
Decreased operation time
Reduced labor cost
Reduced cycle of operations
More accurate and convenient

PRINCIPLE
The concept of the machine is based
on the planetary gear system having
a sun gear in the middle and the
planet gear surrounding it ,in which
torque is transmitted from sun gear
to the planet gears for drilling
purpose.
Power
is
basically
transmitted from the main shaft to
the planet spindle shaft .

TYPES
There are two types of multi spindle drilling head:
Adjustable multi spindle drilling head
Fixed multi spindle drilling head
Features of both the type of multi spindle drilling head are
Substantial increase in productivity
Time for one hole drilling is the time for multiple no of holes drilling
Increased positional accuracy
Multi spindle heads can be of fixed centre construction for mass and large batch production and
for batch production, adjustable centre type design is preffered.

DESIGN PROCEDURE
Total design work is divided into two parts:
System design
In system design , emphasis is done on the parameters of the components based on the standardized
material selection , physical constraints , arrangement of various components , chance of failure,
force analysis , machining capabilities.
Mechanical design
Parts to be designed
For design parts, detailed design is done and dimensions thus obtained are compared to next highest
dimension which are readily available in market.
The various tolerances on work pieces are specified in the manufacturing drawings.
Parts to be purchased

PARTS OF THE DRILLING HEAD

MOTOR
SHAFT
SUN GEAR
PLANET GEAR
BEARINGS
KEYWAY
LABYRINTH
BUSH
SPACER
CASING
DRILL ARRANGEMENT

MOTOR SELECTION
Selecting
a motor of the following specifications 3 phase induction motor

Power = 0.5 hp = 375 watt

Speed = 1440 rpm
Power = 2NT/60 = 375
Torque motor = 2.48 N-m
Motor is 375 watt power , run at 1440 rpm , connected to drilling machine spindle by belt pulley
arrangement of 1:3 ratio , considering 65% efiiciency of belt drive ,
Torque at the arbor shaft = T motor 3 0.65
= 2.48 3 0.65
= 4.84 N-m.

GEAR 40C8
0.40% carbon and 0.8% manganese
Sut = 600 N/mm2
For gears, strength and toughness and response to heat are important considerations. The surface is
heavily stressed while the stresses in the core are of small magnitude. Thus medium and high
carbon steels such as 40C8 , 45C8 , 50C4 are preferred. They can also be machined to the required
accuracy.
Type of gear : spur gear
Because: shafts are parallel
Preferred for low speed power transmission
Cheapest
Easy to manufacture
No of ways to manufacture

GEAR CALCULATION
Zp
= 32 , Zg = 32 ,I (gear ratio)=1
Mt = 60 106 0.3752 720 = 4976.114 N-mm
Lewis form factor for 32 teeths , Y = 0.364
Cs= starting torque / rated torque = 1.5
Assuming trial value for pitch line velocity= 5m/s
Cv = 3/3+v = 3/8
m = {60 KW Cs fs m 3 zp np Cv b Y}1/3 = 1.368 mm
Selection of module; The first preference value of module is 1.5mm
Dp = pitch circle diameter of pinion = 32 1.5 = 48

GEAR CALCULATION
Dg
= pitch circle diameter of gear = 32 1.5= 48
b = 10 1.5 = 15
Check for design: Pt (Tangential force) = 2 Mt Dp = 2 4976.114 48 = 207.33
v = Dp Np 60000 = 48 720 60000 = 1.8 m/s
Cv = 3 3+v = 33+1.8 = 0.625
= Cs Pt Cv = 1.5 207.33 0.625 = 497.52 N
Sb (Beam strength) = m b b Y = 5 15 200 0.364 = 1368 N
FOS(factor of safety) = Sb = 1368 497.52 = 3.29
The design is satisfactory and the module should be 1.5mm.

SHAFT 40 C8 ALLOY STEEL

Simple bending stress=110 N/mm2

Simple torsion stress= 55 N/mm2
These have higher strength , hardness and toughness.
They possess higher resistance to corrosion compared to plain carbon steels .
They are being hot-rolled , turned and ground as in cold drawing residual stresses at and near the
surface of the shaft are produced .

DESIGN OF SHAFT
Sut = 380 , N= 180 RPM , Kb ,Kt = 1.5 , PCD = 48 MM
MATERIAL 40C8
Permissible shear stress = 0.18 Sut = 0.18 380 = 68
Maximum shear stress = 0.75 68 = 94.5 N/MM
Torsional moment Mt = 60 106 KW 2 n = 7961.78 N-mm
BENDING MOMENT

Pt for gear = 207.33 (from previous calculations)

Pr = Pt TAN = 75.46
VERTICAL PLANEForce at A = 101.65 (DOWNWARDS)

-Ra -75.46 +Rc = 278.76 (SHEAR FORCE EQUATION)

Force at B = 75.46 (DOWNWARDS)

75.46 40 80 Rc + 120 278.76=0 (MOMENT EQUATION)

DESIGN OF SHAFT
Force at C = 455.87 (UPWARDS)
FORCE AT D= 278.76 (DOWNWARDS)
HORIZONTAL PLANE
AT A = 103.665 (OUTWARDS)

Ra + Rc = 207.33 (SHEAR FORCE EQUATION)

AT B =207.33 (INWARDS)

-80 Rc + 40 207.33 = 0 (MOMENT EQUATION)

AT C

= 103.665 (OUTWARDS)

Rc = 103.665

By making bending moment diagram

Mb = 4840 Mt = 7961.78
Shaft diameter calculation

TORSIONAL SHEAR FAILURE OF SHAFT

According
to preffered number series

d= 16 mm
Tensional shear failure of shaft=4.84 Nm
T = fs actual d3 / 16
Fs actual = 16 T d3
= 16 4.84 103 (16)3 = 5.01 N/mm2
Fs allowable = 55 N/mm2 (for standard material)
Fs actual < Fs allowable
Thus, input shaft is safe under torsional load.

BEARING DESIGN
RH AT BEARING 1 =103.665 , RV AT BEARING 1 = 101.65

Pt at gear = 207.33 , Pr at gear = 75.46

RH AT BEARING 2 = 103.665 , RV AT BEARING 2 = 455.87
REACTIONS AT THE TWO BEARINGS ARE GIVEN AS
R1 = = 144.732 N
R2 = = 467.50 N
The bearing reactions are in the radial directions
Fr 1=R1 =144.732 N
Fr2 = R2 = 467.50 N
There is no axial thrust in these bearings because these are single groove ball bearings
HENCE , Fa1 = Fa2 = 0

BEARING DESIGN
DYNAMIC
LOAD CAPACITIES

Vertical force on the drill setup = R1 +R2 =612.232

L10 = = 86.4 million revolutions
CONSIDERING THE LOAD FACTOR (ACC TO DATA BOOK)
C1 = LOAD FACTOR = 612.232 (86.4) 2. = 6756.39 N
SELECTION OF BEARINGS
BEARING NO = 6200 to 6300 are suitable. (C = 5070 -8060)

BEARING SERIES 62
Bearing of basic design no (SKF) 6200has following dimensions:
d =16mm , B=14 mm , D=40mm
Bearing material stainless steel because :
It is a high alloy steel because of high alloying, it has higher toughness and hardness,
It has higher resistance to corrosion and oxidation.
Type of bearing used single row deep groove ball bearing because:
It can take both radial and to some extent thrust loads which is feasible in our project.
They are often used in pairs, either side by side or at the opposite end of the shaft in order to take
loads in both directions
Load carrying capacity is quite sufficient according to our project design calculations.

CONCLUSION
With the help of this machine we can drill two holes at a time.
The size of machine is smaller than the older machine so it is very simple to move from one place
to another. So this machine can be easily transported.
The overall space required is also minimum.
The efficiency of this machine is better than the older machine.
Large saving in power have been achieved.
The machine is very simple to operate.

REFERENCES
[1] IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) ISSN: 2278-1684, PP: 60-69 ,A.S.
Udgave ,Prof.V.J.Khot.
[2] International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 2, Issue 5, November 2012
Chukwumuanya, Emmanuel O.Obuka, Nnaemeka Sylvester P, Onyechi, Pius C., and Okpala Charles.
Department of Industrial/Production Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka.
[3] International Journal of Research in Advent Technology (E-ISSN: 2321-9637) Special Issue 1st
International Conference on Advent Trends in Engineering, Science and Technology ICATEST 2015, 08
March 2015 Prof.Ms.A.A.Shingavi, Dr.A.D. Dongare, Prof. S.N.Nimbalkar.
[4]
VB BHANDARI ,Design of machine elements, third edition ,Mc Graw Hill Page No
-31,33,330,346,648,665.
[5] Design data handbook for mechanical engineers by K.Mahadevan and K.Balaveera Reddy , Fourth edition,
CBS publishers and distributors , page no- 49 , 61,229,230,201,371.
[6] CMTI data book , Production Technology.