HARMONIC ELIMINATION IN SINGLE PHASE

SYSTEMS BY MEANS OF A
HYBRID SERIES ACTIVE FILTER(HSAF)
PRESENTED BY

D.LAKSHMI GAYATHRI

Abstract:

In this paper a fully digital controlled hybrid series active

filter for harmonic elimination in single phase systems is
presented.

The HSAF consists of a series active filter and two parallel

single tuned passive filters in series with the active filter.

The main advantage of the presented series active filter is that

its filters power rating is 10% of the load making it a costeffective solution for high power applications.

Introduction

Deterioration of power quality

Current Harmonics

Technologies Developed

Discussing Topics
Harmonics
Sources
Minimization

Why Harmonic Analysis?

**When a voltage and/or current waveform is distorted, it
causes abnormal operating conditions in a power system such
as:

Additional heating in induction and synchronous motors and

generators.
Weaken insulation in cables, windings, and capacitors.
Electromagnetic Interference in motor windings.
False tripping of circuit breakers and protective relays.
Increase heating losses.
Higher heating in cables & transformers.

Harmonics
Objective of Electrical utility
Presence of loads that produce harmonics currents
Results in distorted voltages and currents that affects the
performance of the system
Harmonic component ( h* = Fh )
Even Harmonics: 2f,4f,6f,....

Cancelled

Odd Harmonics: 3f,5f,7f,....

compensation techniques

Eliminated by filtering /

 Applied voltage is sinusodial

Resulting current waveform is distorted
Harmonic Distortion is caused
by Non-Linear device
Voltage is not proportional to
current
Fig 1: Non-Linear Load
Periodic distorted waveform
expressed by sum of sinusoids
of different frequencies

Fig 2: Fourier Series

representation of a Distorted
Waveform

Integral multiples of
fundamental frequency

Harmonics Generation Mechanism

Utility supply gives pure sinusoidal voltage to users
Current waveform of system is siunusoidal if connected to linear
load(incandescent bulbs)
Not possible due to increased use of non-linear loads(pcs , UPS )
Total current drawn by non-linear loads is
Total current = Fundamental current + Harmonic current
Circuit draws current only during peaks of voltage waveform to
charge capacitor peak of line voltage

TOTAL HARMONIC
DISTORTION:
The THD is a measure of the effective value of
the harmonic components of a distorted
waveform.

Sources Of Harmonics
1.
2.
3.
4.

HVDC systems
Back to back systems
Static VAR compensation system.
Wind and solar power converters
with interconnection.
5. Traction equipment
6. variable speed drives
7. Thyristor controlled drives
8. Induction Heaters
9. Arc furnaces
10. Arc welding
11.UPS
12.Semiconducting electric devices
13.electronic fluorescent chokes
14. electronic fan regulator
15. light dimmers.

Solutions For Minimizing

Harmonic
Current
a) Specially Connected
T/Fs Effect
Third order harmonic currents eliminated.

b) Tuned Passive Filters

c) Active Harmonic Filter

THANQ