Identification of Java

upwelling based on
stability of water mass
Setiawan, A.1 G.E. Noor2, M. Trenggono3, M.R. Putri2, T.
Agustiadi3, B.Priyono3, W.Yu4, and H.Wang4
1

R & D Centre for Marine and Fisheries Technology, Agency for Marine and Fisheries R & D, Balitbang KP 2nd Bld. 5th Fl.
Jalan Pasir Putih 1, Ancol, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia. Tel. +62-21-64711583 Ext. 4404, Fax. +62-21-64711501, E-mail:
agus.setiawan@kkp.go.id

Research Group of Oceanography, Institute Technology of Bandung, Indonesia

Institute for Marine Research and Observation, Agency for Marine and Fisheries R & D

First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, China

Background of JUVO

The JUVO program outlines an effort to measure the magnitude and variability of
the Java upwelling by deploying a subsurface ADCP mooring system at location
(106.75E, 8.5S) and a surface buoy system at location (100E, 8S).

The upwelling of the Southern coast of

Java is hypothesized to play a major
role in the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD).
The Java upwelling controls the
southeast tropical Indian Ocean (TIO)
sea surface temperature (SST)
variations at seasonal and inter-annual
time scales, which further affects the
local and remote climate.
Contribute to the ongoing international
program Indian Ocean Observing
System (IndOOS).

Background

Stratification

Differences of oceanographic
parameters:

form

>Temperature
>Pressure
>Radiance
>Nutrient
>Salinity
>Density

influence
Stable

Stability of
Water
Masses

Neutral

Unstable

causes

Vertical movement to
find stable position

Data
Year

Cruise/Date

Instrument

Oceanografic Parameters

Depth

2008-2009

1(26 Dec 9 Sept)

RBR

Temperature, Salinity, Depth

2009-2010

2(10 Sept-20 Mei)

RBR

Temperature, Salinity, Depth

2008-2010

26 Dec-20 Mei

RDI 150 K

Current(u,v,w)

24-130 m

2011-2012

23 Feb-13 Jan

RBR_CTD

Temperature, Salinity, Depth

200-500m

RBR

Temperature, Salinity, Depth

400-650m

RDI 150 K
RBR

Current(u,v,w)
Temperature, Salinity, Depth

115-385m
350-550m

RDI 150 K

Current(u,v,w)

Available

2012-2013

2013

150-400m

26 Feb - 22 Feb

7 April - 6 Dec

56,59%

Additional data: sea water temperature data from HYCOM and wind data from NCEP

only

2008-2010

BVF

BVF value 1 x10-4 s-1

decreased to 6 x 10-5s-1

In 2008-2010, upwelling occurred during mid

Mei-August/September, indicated by:
decreasing BVF value (from 1x10-4 to
6x10-5)
vertical current with speed 1,2 cm/s
brings isotherm layer 12oC and isohaline
layer 34.85 psu rise from 225m to 190m
and 150m, respectively
shallower MLD (from 50m to 30m)

Temperature

Salinity

Temp (Observation + Model)

2008-2010

Temperature

Shallower MLD
was found
(from 50m to
30m)

Due to divergence
caused by South
Java Current (SJC eastward) and
South Equatorial
Current (SEC westward)

2011

BV
F
IOD(+) Jul-Oct

BVF was decreased

until -4 x 10-5 s-1

Temperature

8,8
7,8
In 2011, upwelling occurred
from May-November (the peak
occurred in September),
indicated by decrease BVF until
-4x 10-5s-1

6,8

Salinity 34,8
5

35,05

34,65

2012-2013

BVF

Upwelling occurred due to

interaction between the
monsoon and IOD (+) (Jul-Oct)

Temperature

IOD (+)

Salinity

Feb

Mar

Apr

BVF

2013

Temperature

Salinity
1,75 x 10-5 decreases to 1,45 x 10-5

In 2013, upwelling occurred in JuneSeptember, indicated by:

decreased BVF from 1,75x10-5 to
1,45x 10-5
isotherm 8,3oC and isohaline
35,05psu rise from 550m to 475m
and 400m, respectively

35.05
35.05

Terimakasih