LIMFOSIT B

DAN
LIMFOSIT T
Oleh:
Noorma Paramitha 44114130
Novi Latifa
4411413033

SEL-SEL SISTEM IMUN

SEL-SEL SISTEM IMUN SPESIFIK

Sel T
Sel asal sel T adalah dari sumsum tulang memasuki
timus berproliferasi di regio subkapsuler
Sel asal itu adalah dari CD4 dan CD 8
Terdiri dari berbagai subset :

1.
.
.
.

Sel Th (T helper)
Sel Ts (T suppressor)
Sel Tdh/Td (delayed hypersensitivity)
Sel Tc (cytotoxic)
Sel limfosit naif (virgin)
Sel Th0
Sel Regulator dan efektor

Activation of Lymphocytes in
Lymph Nodes

Penyebaran Limfoid Pada Tubuh Manusia

 Fungsi Sel T umumnya :

Membantu sel B dalam memproduksi

antibodi
Mengenal dan menghancurkan sel
yang terinfeksi virus
Mengaktifkan makrofag dalam
fagositosis
Mengontrol ambang dan kualitas
sistem imun

2. Sel B
Perkembangan Sel B dalam sumsum

tulang adalah antigen independen tetapi

perkembangan selanjutnya memerlukan
rangsangan dari antigen
Fungsi utama sel B adalah memproduksi
antibodi
Atas pengaruh Sel T sel B berploriferasi
dan berdiferensiasi menjadi sel plasma
yang mampu membentuk Ig yang spesifik

SISTEM IMUN SPESIFIK

SPESIFIK HUMORAL
Benda asing sel B berproliferasi dan berkembang menjadi sel plasma
membentuk antibodi mentetralisir toksin infeksi ekstraseluler
SPESIFIK SELULER
Sel T Pertahanan terhadap infeksi intraseluler

SISTEM LIMFOID
Tempat pematangan sel T dan sel B

B lymphocytes and plasma cells

T lymphocytes
Helper/Inducer (CD4)
Suppressor (CD8)

Pertahanan Humoral
A.

Komplemen
a.

Fungsi komplemen
1.
2.
3.

b.

c.

Menghancurkan sel membran banyak bakteri (lisis)

Melepas bahan kemotaktik yang mengerahkan makrofag ke
tempat bakteri (kemotaksis)
Mengendap pada permukaan bakteri memudahkan makrofag
untuk mengenal (opsonisasi) lalu memakannya

Larut dalam keadaan non aktif diaktivasi oleh antigen,

kompleks imun, dsb mediator (biologik aktif ataupun mjd
enzim untuk reaksi selanjutnya)
Jalur aktivasi ini sering pula disertai dengan kerusakan
jaringan

Pertahanan Seluler
Fagosit

1.

Pada dasarnya semua sel bersifat fagositosis

Non spesifik mononuklier (monosit & makrofag) dan
polimorfonuklier atau granulosit
Alur : kemotaksis (aktivasi komplemen) menelan memakan
(fagositosis) membunuh mencerna (lisis)

Makrofag

2.

Dapat hidup lama

Mempunyai beberapa granul dan melepaskan berbagai bahan :
lisozim, komplemen, interferon, dan sitokin kontribusi dalam SIN
dan SIS

LGL (Large Granular Lymphocyte)

3.

Mengandung banyak sitoplasma, granul sitoplasma azurofilik,

pseudopodia, dan nukleus eksentris
Bersifat seperti sel NK

B and T Cell Activation

signaling overview

Scharenbergetal.
NatRevImmunol.
2007

Consequences of T-Cell Activation

Tremendous Proliferation
Antigen plus co-stimulatory signal (CD28) leads to entry into cell
cycle and IL-2, IL-2R production. IL-2/IL-2R leads to progression
through cell cycle.
Many rounds of proliferation (1 cell to thousands)
Differentiation into effector functions

T-cell Activation
Signaling

Stages of T lymphocyte development-I

Maturation of T lymphocytes in Thymus

Antigen Presenting Cells

Macrophages/monocytes
Dendriticcells(e.g.,Langerhanscells)
Bcells

T cells require APCs to respond to

a specific Ag

Selection of T lymphocytes in Thymus

T-cell subpopulation
1) CD4 T helper lymphocytes (TH)
- TH lymphocytes recognize antigen on the surface of APC in
association with class II MHC molecules
- They are activated and secrete several cytokines
- There are two main subsets of TH cells (THI and TH2)
- The two subsets are differentiated on basis of the cytokine they
produce

1) CD4 T helper lymphocytes Subsets

Th1 produce mainly :
- Cytokines of CMI and inflammation
e.g. IFN-, TNF- , IL-3 and IL-2
TH2 produce mainly:
- Cytokines that stimulate B-cells
- Suppressor cytokines
e.g. Il-4, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10

2) CD8 Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs)

* They constitute 35% 0o peripheral T-cells
* CTLs recognize antigen on suurface of target cells (infected
APC or other infected nucleotid cell) in association with MHC-I
* They are activated and kill the virus infected cell or tumour cell

Antibodies produced by B-cells of the immune system

recognize foreign antigens and mark them for destruction

Activation of helper T cells

Activation of cytotoxic T cells

T Cell Recognition of Antigen

Recognize antigen peptide fragments bound to

specialize cell surface molecules on antigen-presenting

cells (APC).
Molecules are encoded by major histocompatibility
complex
Peptides are displayed to T cells as peptide:MHC
complexes
T cell antigen receptors recognize peptide:MHC
complexes
Each MHC molecule can bind numerous different
peptides
Two classes of MHC molecules

Major Histocompatibility Complex

(MHC) Gene Products
Class I
Antigen is usually endogenous (e.g. viral proteins).
CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigen in
association with class I MHC gene product on APC.
Class II Molecules
Antigen is usually extracellular.
CD4+ Helper T Lymphocytes recognize antigen in association with

class II MHC gene product on APC.

Cellular Cooperation and Antigen

Recognition

+
APC

Extracellular
Antigen

Class II
CD4+ Helper
MHCT
associated Lymphocyte
antigen

B Cell Antigen Recognition

Cell surface immunoglobulin receptor or B-cell receptor

(IgM and IgD)

Antigen contact initiates B-cell activation, clonal expansion,
maturation to plasma cell
Antigen receptor is identical to immunoglobulin that will
ultimately be produced

Plasma cell
(Derived from Blymphocyte, produces

Pengenalan antigen oleh seL B

B CELL ACTIVATION

B-cells activation

Stages of B lymphocyte development-I

Stages of B lymphocyte development-II

Stages of B lymphocyte development-III

The Phases of B cell Responses

B-cell Activation Signaling

Interface between T and B-cells

Cellular Cooperation

antigen

TH

Antigen presentation to T
and B cells by APC

Antigen presenting cell

T cells elaborate
cytokines to facilitate B
cell proliferation and
maturation

Plasma Cells

Antibody secretion
by plasma cells

Effector Mechanisms
Mechanisms that are used by the immune system

to eliminate pathogens (or other substances)

from the body
Cellular effector mechanisms
Activated T cells
Natural killer cells

Humoral effector mechanisms (antibody)

Neutralization
Opsonization
Complement activation
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)

Effector Activity Against Pathogens

Perbedaan antara Limfosit B dan Limfosit T

Indikator

Limfosit T

Limfosit B

1.

Fungsi

berperan dalam
memproduksi
inflamasi, aktifasi
antibodi
makrofag dalam
fagositosis, aktivasi
dan proliferasi sel B
dalam membentuk
antibodi, serta
pengenalan dan
penghancuran sel yang
terinfeksi virus

2.

Asal

Thymus

Bone Marrow

No

Indikator
Struktur dan
markers
receptor

Limfosit T

Limfosit B