Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
The Press
The press supplies the force necessary to squeeze the
billet through the extrusion die.
It consists of:
The container where the billet is put under pressure.
The main cylinder with the ram for pushing the billet into
the container and through the die.
The front platen giving counter support to the die
package.
The main columns fixing the front platen and the cylinder
together.
The die is supported by a series of back dies or backers
and bolsters for transferring the main press load to the
front platen.
An extruded component
Applications
Aluminium extrusions are used throughout
the construction industry, particularly in
window and door frame systems,
prefabricated houses/building structures,
roofing and exterior cladding and curtain
walling. Extrusions are also used in road
and rail vehicles, airframes and marine
applications.
Extrusion Moulding
From "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrusion_Moulding"
Impact Extrusion
A commonly used to make collapsible
tubes such as toothpaste tubes, cans
usually using soft materials such as
aluminum, lead, tin. Usually a small shot
of solid material is placed in the die and is
impacted by a ram, which causes cold
flow in the material.
Extrusion Coating/Lamination
In extrusion coating and lamination, resin is melted and formed into thin hot
film, which is coated onto a moving, flat substrate such as paper, paperboard,
metal foil, or plastic film. The coated substrate then passes between a set of
counter-rotating rolls, which press the coating onto the substrate to ensure
complete contact and adhesion.
Extrusion laminating, also called sandwich laminating, is a process related to
extrusion coating. However, in this case, the extrusion coated layer is used as an
adhesive layer between two or more substrates. A second layer is applied to the
extrusion coating while it is still hot and then the sandwich is pressed together
by pressure rolls. The extrusion coated layer may also serve as a moisture
barrier.
In film lamination, a fabricated film is adhered to a moving substrate by
application of heat and pressure. Film lamination methods include hot roll, belt,
flame, calender lamination and sheet extrusion; each type providing a different
combination of heat and pressure. The laminated film can add a functional
surface to a substrate, or be used between two substrates to stick them together.
Substrates that can be coated with polyolefins include paper, paperboard,
biaxially-oriented polypropylene (BOPP), biaxially-oriented nylon (BON),
polyester and other plastic films, metal foil, fabrics, glass fiber mat, metal sheet
and flexible foams.
Flame Lamination
Calender Lamination
Calender lamination of The Dow Chemical Company's
(Dow) engineered adhesive films allows for continuous
in-line lamination and provides an opportunity for an
even distribution of adhesive. Calender lamination,
similar to hot roll lamination, uses a heated three-roll
stack to heat and activate Dow's adhesive films. The
adhesive film and substrate, shown below, are drawn
into a stack of heated rolls where the film is heated,
activated and applied to the substrate. Material selection
is critical in providing a strong, long-lasting bond
between the film and the substrate. That's why we
encourage you to STICK WITH US and work with
Dow's adhesive films team for your dry adhesive needs.
Sheet Extrusion
Thermoplastic polymers are often extruded into a sheet
for subsequent forming/processing. The Dow Chemical
Company's (Dow) engineered adhesive films allow for inline lamination and even distribution of adhesive in your
extrusion process. The polymer sheet, shown below, is
extruded and then brought into contact with the adhesive
film. The residual heat from the extruded sheet activates
the adhesive. The strength of the bond depends upon
material selection and processing conditions. That's why
when you STICK WITH US Dow will work with you to
determine the best combination of materials for your
processing conditions
Profile Extrusion
Profile and pipe extrusion is normally carried out using a
single screw extruder which melts and conveys the
pellets through an annular die. Under vacuum (pressure
sizing is less common), the profile/pipe is then formed by
cooling in a water bath with its outside diameter
dimension controlled by a calibration sleeve. The
profile/pipe is continually taken away from the die head
by a haul-off and then cut to size.
Profiles and pipes can vary in diameter with
corresponding increases in wall thickness. Processing
pellets into pipes and profiles for such a large range of
sizes presents different extrusion challenges. However,
basic pipe extrusion requirements hold good for most
sizes.