CONTINGENCY

THEORIES AND
ADAPTIVE
LEADERSHIP

PRESENTED BY :
D.SAIMURLI KRISHNA - 15PGDM04A009
MANISH KUMAR SAH - 15PGDM05A013

Contingency theories describe

how aspects of the leadership situation can
alter a leaders influence and effectiveness.

Types of variables involved

Atleast one Predictor Variable

Atleast one Dependent Variable

One or more Situational Variable

Characteristics of work
Characteristics of subordinate
Characteristics of leader
Characteristics of leadership position

Mediating Variable

Causal effects of situational

variables

Situation directly effects outcomes or mediators

Situation directly influences leader behavior

Situation moderates effects of leader behavior

Early Contingency Theories

Path Goal Theory

Leadership Substitutes Theory

Situational Leadership Theory

The LPC Contingency Model

Cognitive Resources Theory

MULTIPLE-LINKAGE MODEL
The multiple-linkage model describes how managerial
behavior and situation variables jointly influence the
performance of individual subordinates and the leaders work
unit

MEDIATING VARIABLES

Task Commitment

Ability and role clarity

Organization of the work

Cooperation and mutual trust

Resources and support

External coordination

INFLUENCE OF SITUATIONAL VARIABLES ON

MEDIATING VARIABLES

Task Commitment

Ability and role clarity

Organization of the work

Cooperation and mutual trust

Resources and support

External coordination

SHORT-TERM ACTIONS TO CORRECT

DEFICIENCIES IN MEDIATING
VARIABLES

Subordinates discouraged about the work

Subordinates are confused about what to do or how to do their work

The group is disorganized and it uses weak performance strategies

There is little cooperation among the members of the group

The group has inadequate resources to do the work

External coordination with other subunits or outsiders is weak

LONG-TERM AFFECTS ON GROUP

PERFORMANCE

Gain more access to resources needed for the work

Gain more control over the demand for units products and services

Initiate new, more profitable activities for the work

Initiate long-term improvement programs

Improve selection procedures

Modify the formal structure of the work unit

RESEARCH ON CONTINGENCY
THEORIES

Effective leaders have combination of various behaviours with competing

values.

Examples of competing values can be explained through

Duality approach
Controlling vs. Empowering
Strategic vs. Operational objectives
Concern for people vs. Concern for tasks

EVALUATION OF CONTINGENCY
THEORIES

Theory with both universal elements is needed

General principles & situational elements
(such as guidelines to help identify desirable behaviours for a particular type
of situation)

GUIDELINES FOR ADAPTIVE

LEADERSHIP
1.

Understand your leadership situation and make it favourable.

2.

Increase flexibility .

3.

Plan more.

4.

Consultation.

5.

Provide direction to ones with independent roles and critical tasks .

6.

Support inexperienced and stressed employees

HOW TO MANAGE IMMEDIATE

CRISES
1.

Anticipate problem and prepare

2.

Identify Nature and scope of problem

3.

Direct and be confident and sure

4.

Utilise opportunity

THANK YOU