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Team Development
Interventions
Chapter 10
Slide 1
Learning Objectives
Identify how team development techniques
Topics Covered
Organizing around teams
The Team approach
The need for team development
Cohesiveness and groupthink
The purpose of team development
The team development process
Outdoor experiential laboratory training
Role analysis and role negotiation
Chapter 10
Slide 4
Teamwork
Work done when members subordinate personal
Team Approach
Many organizations increase productivity by
Baseball.
Pooled interdependence.
Team members somewhat independent of
one another.
Basketball.
Exhibits highest degree of interdependence.
Team Building
Team building major OD intervention.
Team building and team development are terms
used interchangeably.
Team building is used for increasing the
communication, cooperation, and cohesiveness
of units to make them more productive and
effective.
Team building is an intervention where the
members of a work group examine such things
as their goals, structure, procedures, culture,
norms, and interpersonal relationships to
improve their ability to work together
effectively and efficiently.
Chapter 10 An Experiential Approach to Organization Development 8th edition
Slide 8 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice
Hall
organization design).
Temporary task team (groups meet for limited
periods to work on a specific project or problem and
disband after they solve it).
Need for team development varies with situation.
Example: Cisco has made teamwork a critical part of
bonus plans, especially for top executives. CEO John
Chambers has implemented a policy where 30 percent
of the annual bonus would depend on how well the
executive collaborates with others. It tends to
formalize the discussion around how can I help you and
how can you help me, says one of the top executives.
Chapter 10 An Experiential Approach to Organization Development 8th edition
Slide 10 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice
Hall
Chapter 10
Slide 11
Figure 10.1
Situation Determines Teamwork
Simple Situations
People working alone and no need to involve
others.
Little team development necessary.
There is no need to involve others except to pass
along or obtain information. The involvement of
others may slow down the organizations
functions.
Managers operating in a simple situation focus on
their responsibilities, do not involve others in their
work, and, therefore, avoid wasting valuable time.
Good social skills are important, but team
development is not needed for work groups
involved with simple situations.
Chapter 10 An Experiential Approach to Organization Development 8th edition
Slide 13 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice
Hall
Simple Situations
Examples;
The work is structured so that the tasks that make it up
Complex Situations
Information must be shared to complete task.
Input is not required from all of the groups members, and
Problem Situations
Unusual and unprecedented situations.
Has impact outside of individuals influence.
For example, a company that is planning to introduce a new
Figure 10.2
Sources of Team Problems
Chapter 10
Slide 19
Norms
(part 2- The
of 3)team must develop norms about its behavioral
another.
Group behavior.
Cohesiveness can improve group
groupthink.
Chapter 10
Slide 22
dominant force.
Tends to outweigh consideration of alternatives.
Chapter 10 An Experiential Approach to Organization Development 8th edition
Slide 23 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice
Hall
Purpose of Team
Development
To integrate goals of individual and group
Chapter 10
Slide 25
Team Development
(part 1 of 2)
Chapter 10
Slide 26
Team Development
(part 2 of 2)
Every team has its own structure, norms, and values, and
members of the team tend to do things in certain ways. Team
members are often more loyal to fellow team members
than to the organization. Because of these characteristics,
team development techniques are used to clarify goals and
priorities, to examine how decisions and communication are
functioning, and to recognize how the relationships among team
members influence output.
Thus the goals of team development include:
Identify objectives, set priorities.
Examine team performance.
Analyze group process.
Improve communications.
Improve problem-solving ability.
Increase cooperation.
Work more effectively with other teams.
Increase respect of other team members.
Chapter 10
An Experiential Approach to Organization Development 8th edition
Slide 27 Copyright 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice
Hall
types of activities;
Family group diagnostic meetings.
Aimed at identifying group
problems.
Family group team-building meetings.
functioning.
Chapter 10
Slide 28
task.
Chapter 10
Slide 29
Chapter 10
Slide 30
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
Set objectives.
Collect data.
Plan the meeting.
Conduct the meeting.
Evaluate team development process.
Outdoor Experiential
Laboratory Training
Takes people who work together.
Places in outdoor setting with exercises.
Hastens discussions surrounding leadership
Chapter 10
Slide 31
participants.
Exercises selected to fit abilities.
Team participates in exercises.
Team reflects on process.
Team follows with goal setting and plans.
Role Negotiation
Directed at work relationships among team
members.
The technique involves a series of
Contract setting.
Role Analysis
Another team development intervention,
OD Application
Virtual Teams
Virtual team meetings use advance
technologies.
OD Application
Groupthink at the White House
Janis Irving books on groupthink looked at
OD Application
EcoSeagate and Team
Development
Each year Seagate Technology brings
Chapter 10
Slide 43
Groupthink.
Describes problems of group cohesiveness.
Interdependence.
Persons performance contingent on how
jobs.
Outdoor experiential laboratory training.
People who work together placed in outdoor
setting.
Allowed to experiment with leadership styles
and teamwork.
Role ambiguity.
Role incumbent unaware of expectations by
others.
Role analysis.
Team development method for clarifying role
expectations.
Role conception.
Persons own ideas about appropriate role
behavior.
Role conflict.
Discrepancy between role conception and
others expectations.
Role expectations.
Behaviors expected for member by other
team members.
Role negotiation.
Team building technique involved at
Team.
Group of individuals who depend on one
Teamwork.
Work done by members subordinating
problem.
members.
members
To work on improving team processes.
Disarmament Game.
Complete Step 1.
Read and analyze Case: The Exley
Chemical Company.
Chapter 10
Slide 53