Effect of Low Air Intake Temperature

Towards Engine Performance, Fuel

Consumption and Exhaust Emission of
Gasoline Engine

Present by: Mohamad Hamka bin Mohd Bilal (2012244778)

Supervised by: Dr. Nik Rosli Abdullah
Panels: Mr. Idris bin Saad
Dr. Alhassan Salami Tijani

Presentation Outline

Project Background
Problem Statement
Objective
Expected Result
Scope of Project
Project Methodology
Literature Review
Preliminary Outcome

Project Background
Air + Fuel

Combustion
reaction

H2O + CO2 +
Emissions + Energy

Air is an important parameter toward internal combustion engine.

Outcome of combustion process inside an engine may be differ
based on air intake characteristic.
Air temperature is one of air characteristic that may effect the
outcome of engine combustion process.

Unpredictable climate change around the world may effecting the

ambient air temperature.
Further engine improvement need to be done in order to design
better automobile engine in the future.
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Problem Statement
Combustion
System

Ambient Air

Gasoline
Engine

Output

Low Air
Temperature

Performance

Fuel
Consumption

To investigate the effect of Low Air Intake

Temperature toward Gasoline Engine
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Exhaust
Emission

Objective
Lower Air Intake Toward Engine Performance,
Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Emission

Investigate The Effect

Determine Suitable
Range

Comparing
Effectiveness

Expected Result

Gasoline Engine

Combustion
Process

Outcome Result

Oxygen
Better

Higher Air Density

Richer Oxygen

Low Air
Temperature
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Scope of Project
Using 1.6L CamPro Engine 16 Valve
Conducted on Engine Test Bed
Controlled by DataQ Pro V2 Software.

Parameter

Value

i.

Air Intake Temperature (C)

24, 20 and 16

ii.

Engine Load (Nm)

20, 40 and 60

Air-Conditioning
System
DataQ Pro V2

iii.

Engine Speed (rpm)

1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000

Input Parameters
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Scope of Project
Output Parameters

Performance

Engine Power
Engine Toque

Fuel
Consumption

BSFC

Emissions

UHC
CO

Project Methodology and Planning

DataQ Pro V2

Air-Conditioning
System

Schematic Diagram of Experiment Set-Up

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Conduct Experiment
Set Air Temperature
25 C, 20C, 16C

Repeat Using
Different Load
20Nm &60Nm

3 Types of Test
Performance

Fuel
Consumption

Emissions

Dynamometer

AVL

Gas Analyzer

BSFC

UHC and CO

DataQ Pro V2
Engine Power
& Torque

Data Analysis
Finish

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Literature Review
Engine Performance
Lower Air Temperature will have higher air density
High density air will be richer with oxygen
Main contribution in engine performance is combustion
reaction
High amount of oxygen will bring the combustion
reaction towards complete combustion
When combustion process becoming more efficient,
higher engine power will be produced.
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Fuel Consumption
High air density will form smaller air particles
More air particles will be able to react with fuel during combustion
process
Resulting less fuel needed to react with air during combustion process
in order to support engine performance

Emission Products
Formation of Carbon Monoxide is the result of lack of oxygen during
combustion process.
When the air is rich with oxygen, the formation of CO will decrease.
Unburned Hydrocarbon is a result from combustion process that occur
in high temperature situation.
By lowering air temperature, the formation of UHC will decrease.
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Preliminary Outcome

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Effect of low air intake temperature with variation of engine speed at constant Load toward
engine power (kW)

Higher air density will improve the combustion reaction that will produce higher engine power
after combustion process is completed
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Effect of low air intake temperature with variation of engine speed at constant Load toward
BSFC (g/kW.hr)

Air turbulent effect during the combustion process will result in improving the fuel mixture
during the combustion process and lead to complete combustion.
Lower air temperature will have smaller air particles which will decrease the amount of fuel
to be reacted with air during combustion process.
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Effect of low air intake temperature with variation of engine speed at constant Load toward
Carbon Monoxide, (CO) production (ppm)

Higher air intake temperature tends to reduce oxygen availability resulted in an unstable
combustion where partial burn and misfire may take place.
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Effect of low air intake temperature with variation of engine speed at constant Load toward
Unburned Hydrocarbon, (UHC) production (ppm)

UHC is form because of the combustion reaction is occur in a very high temperature which
will cause incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuel
When the air temperature in the combustion process is low, it will decrease the production
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of UHC emissions.

References
K. Callaghan, S. Nemser, and W. Johanson, Oxygen Enriching Membranes for
Reduced Cold Start Emissions, 1999.
S. H. Yoon and C. S. Lee, Effect of undiluted bioethanol on combustion and
emissions reduction in a SI engine at various charge air conditions, Fuel, vol.
97, pp. 887890, Jul. 2012.
A. Nik Rosli, I. Hazimi, M. Zeno, S. Hazim, and A. R. Asiah, EFFECTS OF
AIR INTAKE TEMPERATURE ON THE FUEL CONSUMPTION AND
EXHAUST EMISSIONS OF NATURAL ASPIRATED GASOLINE ENGINE,
Technology, vol. 9, pp. 2529, 2015.
H. A. Saber, R. R. I. Al-barwari, Z. J. Talabany, and M. Engineer, Effect of
Ambient Air Temperature on Specific Fuel Consumption of Naturally Aspirated
Diesel, Specif. Fuel Consumption., vol. 1, pp. 17, 2013.
C. Cinar, A. Uyumaz, H. Solmaz, F. Sahin, S. Polat, and E. Yilmaz, Effects of
intake air temperature on combustion, performance and emission characteristics
of a HCCI engine fueled with the blends of 20% n-heptane and 80% isooctane
fuels, Fuel Process. Technol., vol. 130, pp. 275281, Feb. 2015.
J. B. Heywood, Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, 19
vol. 21.
McGrawHill, 1988.

Thank You

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