Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Track Maintenance
Off-track tampers
Off-track tampers are portable and can be quickly taken off the track
by just two people.
These tampers work during the interval between the passage of trains
and do not require any traffic blockage
Off-track tampers are portable and can be quickly taken off the track
by just two people.
These tampers work during the interval between the passage of trains
and do not require any traffic blockage.
They consist of tools driven by compressed air, electricity, or petrol.
There are generally two types of tampers
Self-contained tampers
Working from a common power unit.
On-track Tampers
On-track tampers are self-propelled vehicles which facilitate
automatic tamping of sleepers through the controls provided
in the operators cabin.
Heavy on-track tampers weigh 20 to 30 t and cannot be easily
removed from the track. It is therefore vital that the work be
done after putting up the necessary traffic blocks.
However, the tamper can be put off the track using special
equipment, provided that there are adequate bank
extensions available.
These tampers can automatically and simultaneously
perform the tasks of lifting, aligning, levelling, and tamping.
Tamping
Tamping is the most important application of tie tamping (TT) machines.
Tamping consists of packing the ballast under the sleeper. This is
achieved by vibrating the ballast, thereby making it fluid, and then
compressing it by squeezing
Tamping is done with the help of either 16 or 32 tamping tools,
depending upon whether single or double sleepers are to be packed at a
time.
Tamping is done by either the synchronous or the non-synchronous
system of vibration. In the synchronous system, the movements of the
two tamping tools on either side of a sleeper are similar and
simultaneous, synchronizing with each other. In the case of nonsynchronous systems, the two tools work independently.
Levelling
Longitudinal levels are corrected on the basis of the
principle of proportional levelling with the help of
tampers along with an infrared transmitter, a board, and
photocells.
The distance between these three units is fixed and is
so arranged that any error in the longitudinal level is
reduced to one-fifth of its value
Future of Track
Machines on Indian
Railways
INTRODUTION
Indian Railways is systematically introducing long
welded rails and concrete sleepers on high-speed routes
and tie tamping machine is ideally suited for the
maintenance of such tracks.
However, the following points require special
consideration for the successful implementation of
mechanical methods of maintenance on Indian
Railways.
TRACK RENEWAL
INTRODUCTION
The dynamic impact of running trains causes heavy wear and
tear of the track.
It becomes necessary to rehabilitate or renew the track
periodically to ensure that it continues to be safe and
efficient.
Heavy track renewals are carried out on Indian Railways
every year to keep the track safe and in a good running
condition as well as to bring down the cost of maintenance as
much as possible.
The cost of track renewals carried out on Indian Railways runs
into several thousand million.
Wear of Rails
Rail renewals may also become necessary because of
excessive wear. This wear can be of various types as a
result of the following.
Limiting loss of section
Wear of Rails
Wear due to corrosion
Vertical wear
Wear of Rails
Lateral wear
Plan-based Renewals
Plan-based renewals are planned with the objective of
modernizing the track structure on selected routes in
the quickest possible time.
It may sometimes involve a premature renewal of the
track also.