REMAJA

Eri Achmad
P S I K I AT E R
eriachmad@yahoo.co.id

Topik Bahasan
1. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi
Gg Jiwa pd Remaja
2. Deteksi dini masalah kejiwaan pada
remaja

Background
Adolescence is a time of continual and far-reaching
change affecting all aspects of life social,
cognitive, emotional and physical
Times of change, heralding increased
independence, responsibility and expectation, may
be precursors to adventure, learning and growth
They also have the potential to bring stress and
vulnerability at a time when the role of parents
and teachers in the adolescents life is changing.
This is a developmental paradox that requires
sensitive positioning by those with a duty of care

 Adolescence marks a shift away from childhood

and a transition into the adult world, and this
may present some challenges or difficulties for
some students
Some mental health difficulties experienced by
adolescents are on-going, while others may be
contextual or related to specific times or
occasions.
These difficulties may have emerged in
childhood or they may develop and become
apparent in adolescence

Faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi
Gg Jiwa pd Remaja

BIO-PSIKO-SOSIAL
+
SPIRITUAL

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES

DEPENDENT VARIABLES

GENDER-AGE-ETHICITY-SES
RISK FACTORS
Psychosocial
Models and opportunity

SMOKING

Risky peer affiliations

Vulnerability
Personal: life stress, money
problem, personal-physical
victimization

Social
Parents figure

ALCOHOL USE

DRUG MISUSE

Behavioural
Dropping out of school

PROTECTIVE FACTORS
Psychosocial: Model protective
peer affiliationas
Controls: personal; mastery,
school engagement, body
satisfaction
Social: parental supervisions
Support: family, friends, intimate
Behavioural: healthy life style

MENTAL HEALTH

Protective factors and

resilience
Protective factors help build resilience
1. They may prevent the initial occurrence
of a risk factor
2. They may interrupt the processes
through which risk factors operate
3. They may serve to act as a buffer for
risk factors, providing a cushion against
negative effects
4. Promote self-esteem and self-efficacy.

 Resilience
Resilience is the capacity to deal
constructively with change or
challenges, allowing a person to
maintain or re-establish their social and
emotional wellbeing in the face of
difficult events

Deteksi dini masalah

kejiwaan pada remaja

Prevalensi dan Pola Gg. Psikiatrik di

perawatan primer
Setiap anak dan remaja dalam satu
tahun akan mengunjungi perawatan
primer
2-5% disertai dengan permasalahan
perilaku dan emosional
Tingkat gangguan psikiatrik pada
anak remaja cenderung tinggi
1 pada 4 anak usia 1-12 th
4 pada 10 remaja usia 13-16 th

 Jenis gangguan psikiatrik yang sering

dijumpai
Pra sekolah
Oppositional defiant disorder (DSM)
Gg. Sikap menentang (membangkang)
(PPDGJ)

Anak sekolah dan remaja

Gg emosional

 Gg psikiatrik pada anak dan remaja

meningkatkan risiko kesehatan
umumnya, meningkatkan gejala fisik,
yang pada akhirnya meninggkatkan
penggunaan fasilitas kesehatan

Kuliah selanjutnya

Mekanisme pertahanan jiwa

Simptomatologi Psikiatrik
Pemeriksaan Psikiatrik
Gangguan tingkah laku pada remaja