Sponsoring Teacher: Ismi Kamarul Sham b.

Ismail
Sponsor School: Batu 4 Secondary School
City: Gerik, Perak
Country: Malaysia

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11

Objective

Introduction

Conclusion

Web References

Projects Member

Tsunami Description can give a right definition of tsun

to know the cause of tsunami and where do tsunami o
our planet.

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11

Objective

Introduction

Conclusion

Web References

Projects Member

Tsunami
Description :
1. Definition of Tsunami
2.
What causes of Tsunami?
3.
Where do tsunamis occurs in the
world

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22

What is a tsunami ?

What causes a tsunami ?

Where do tsunamis occur ?

Tsunami is a Japanese word meaning harbor

wave. It is constituted with two syllables,
Japanese language meaning harbour ("tsu",
) and wave ("nami", ).
Tsunami is a wave train or series of waves
generated, by impulsive disturbance that
vertically displaces the water column, in
water body. Earthquake, landslides, volcanic
eruption, explosion and even the impact of
cosmic bodies like meteorites commonly
generate tsunami. Tsunami savagely attacks
coastlines causing devastating property
damage and loss of lives.

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22

What is a tsunami ?

What causes a tsunami ?

Where do tsunamis occur ?

Tsunami "Wave Train"

Many people have the mistaken belief that tsunamis are
single waves. They are not. Instead tsunamis are "wave
trains" consisting of multiple waves. The chart below is a
tidal gauge record from Onagawa, Japan beginning at
the time of the 1960 Chile earthquake. Time is plotted
along the horizontal axis and water level is plotted on
the vertical axis. Note the normal rise and fall of the
ocean surface, caused by tides, during the early part of
this record. Then recorded are a few waves a little larger
than normal followed by several much larger waves. In
many tsunami events the shoreline is pounded by
repeated large waves.

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22

What is a tsunami ?

What causes a tsunami ?

Where do tsunamis occur ?

1. Tsunami can be generated

when the see floor abruptly
deforms and vertically
displaces the overlying
water.
2. Tectonic earthquakes are a
particular kind of
earthquake that are
associated with the earths
crustal deformation, when
these earthquakes occur
beneath the see, the water
above the deformed area is
displayed from its
equilibrium position.

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22

What is a tsunami ?

What causes a tsunami ?

Where do tsunamis occur ?

Ocean waves are normally

divided into 3 groups,
characterized by depth:

Deep water

Intermediate water

Shallow water
Even though a tsunami is
generated in deep water
(around 4000 m below mean
sea level), tsunami waves
are considered shallowwater waves. As the
tsunami wave approaches
the shallow waters of shore,
its time period remains the
same, but its wavelength
decreases rapidly, thus

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22

What is a tsunami ?

What causes a tsunami ?

Where do tsunamis occur ?

Subduction Zones are Potential Tsunami Locations

Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes

generated in a
subduction zone, an area where an oceanic
plate is being
forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic
forces. The
friction between the subducting plate and the
overriding
plate is enormous. This friction prevents a
slow and steady
rate of subduction and instead the two plates
become

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What 2
is2a tsunami ?

What causes a tsunami ?

Where do tsunamis occur ?

Accumulated Seismic Energy

As the stuck plate continues to descend into

the mantle
the motion causes a slow distortion of the
overriding plage.
The result is an accumulation of energy very
similar to the
energy stored in a compressed spring. Energy
can
accumulate in the overriding plate over a long

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What2
is
2a tsunami ?

What causes a tsunami ?

Where do tsunamis occur ?

Earthquake Causes Tsunami

Energy accumulates in the overriding plate

until it exceeds
the frictional forces between the two stuck
plates. When
this happens, the overriding plate snaps back
into an
unrestrained position. This sudden motion is
the cause of
the tsunami - because it gives an enormous
shove to the

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What2
is
?
What occur
causes a tsunami
2a tsunami
Tsunamis
most ?

Where do tsunamis
occur ?
frequently
in
the

Pacific Ocean, but are

a global phenomenon; they are possible wherever
large bodies of
water are found, including inland lakes, where they
can be caused
by landslides.
Japan is a nation with the most recorded
tsunamis in the
world. The earliest recorded disaster being that of
the 684 A.D.
Please refer to the below website of the List of
historic
tsunamis by death toll
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_natural_disasters_b
y_death_toll

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What2
is
2a tsunami ?

What causes a tsunami ?

Where do tsunamis occur ?

Map of tectonic plates where the earthquake triggered the tsuna

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11

Objective

Introduction

Conclusion

Web References

Projects Member

Tsunami is one of the earths disaster. It was a Japan

meaning harbor wave, used as the scientific term fo
of abnormal sea wave that can cause catastrophic dam
it hits a coastline.
Tsunamis can be generated by an undersea earthqua
an undersea landslide, the eruption of an undersea vo
or by the force of an asteroid crashing into the ocean.

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11

Objective

Introduction

Conclusion

Web References

Projects Member

1. http://www.rumela.com/diary/diary_tsunami.htm
2. http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761559898/Tsu
nami.html
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami
4. http://geo-world.org/tsunami/
5. http://geology.com/articles/tsunami-geology.shtml

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11

Objective

Introduction

Conclusion

Web References

Projects Member

ISMI KAMARUL SHAM B. ISMAIL

ismi281173@yahoo.com.my

SITI HAWA BT. MOHD RAZALI

sitihawa04@yahoo.com.my

NURUL ASHIKIN BT. HAMZAH

nurulashikin04@yahoo.com.my

NOR ATIQAH BT. MOHD RAHIMI

noratiqah04@yahoo.com.my