01-OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Product Description-20100223-A

OptiX RTN 900
V100R002 Product
Description
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
About This Document
The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split

microwave
transmission
system
developed
by
Huawei. It can provide a solution that is integrated

with the TDM microwave, Hybrid microwave, and
Packet
microwave
based
on
the
network
requirements. RTN 900 V1R1 support pure packet

microwave, and RTN 900 V1R2 support TDM
microwave and Hybrid microwave.
This course introduces the evolution process of
microwave products and the packet microwave
features, functions, hardware features, and version
matching of the RTN 900 V1R2. Through this course,
you can have a general understanding about the
RTN 900 V1R2.
Page 2
Related Information
OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Product

Manual Product Description
Page 3
Objectives
After learning this course, you should be familiar with:
Evolution of microwave products
Microwave features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
Functions of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
Hardware features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
Version matching of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
Page 4
Contents
1. Development of the IP RAN and Evolution of
Microwave Transmission
2. Features of Packet Microwave
3. Features and Functions
4. Hardware
5. Version Matching
Page 5
Advent of the IP Age

Mobile Evolution
2000 1X
DL:153.6k
UL:153.6k
2 Gbit/s
EV-DO(R0)
DL:2.4M
UL:153.6k
EV-DO(RA)
DL:3.1M
UL:1.8M
EV-DO(RB)
DL:6.2-73.5M
UL:3.6-27M
LTE
DL:100M
UL:50M
HSPA+(R7)
DL:43M
UL:11.5M
LTE(R8)
DL:100M
UL:50M
CDMA2000
R99/R4
DL:384k
UL:384k
HSDPA(R5)
DL:14.4M
UL:384k
HSUPA(R6)
DL:14.4M
UL:5.76M
WCDMA
Mobile Backhaul
RNC
BSC
TDM/ATM/Eth
.
TDM/ATM
BTS
BTS
BTS
NodeB
NodeB
NodeB
aGW
ALL IP
X2
eNodeB
X2
eNodeB eNodeB
2G -> 3G -> 3G+ ->LTE, the backhaul of mobile base stations evolves from TDM to IP.
Microwave transport networks evolve from the traditional TDM microwave network to the packet
microwave network.
Page 6
Three Microwave Forms

IDU
Real-time
TDM
ETH
Native
EOS
TDM
Real-time
based
Real-time
Real-time
TDM Microwave:
PDH microwave is used for access; SDH microwave is used for convergence.
Ethernet services are transmitted in the space through the EOS technology.
It supports the fixed modulation scheme from QPSK to 128QAM, and features
small capacity.
It is used in 2G and early stages of 3G networks.
TDM in air
IDU
Real-time
TDM Native
TDM
ETH Native
Packet
Real-time
Hybrid in air
IDU
TDM PW
ETH
Hybrid Microwave:
Native TDM + Native Ethernet
It supports the modulation scheme from QPSK to 256QAM and the AM function,
and features high bandwidth.
It is used in scenarios where TDM and IP networks coexist at the initial stage of the
transition from 2G networks to 3G networks. At this stage, voice services are
primary and data services are secondary among mobile services. Adding the packet
switching capability to the original TDM microwave equipment is undoubtedly the
preferred solution at the transition stage of the mobile transport network evolution.
In this way, investment in original equipment can be protected and existing voice
services can be transported.
Packet Radio:
It is pure packet microwave.
It supports the modulation scheme from QPSK to 256QAM and the AM function,
and features high bandwidth.
It is used at the All-IP stage of 3G networks. The pure packet microwave is the
best choice for a carrier who needs to build a new mobile IP transport network.
Packet
based
Packet in air
Page 7
Evolution of Microwave Transmission Network
When microwave transport networks evolve towards packet transport networks inevitably, it is
a most cost-effective solution for carriers to evolve microwave transport networks from
traditional TDM microwave networks to hybrid microwave networks, and then to pure packet
microwave networks. This solution combines strengths such as protecting investment in
existing networks, flexible upgrade, and compatibility. If carriers need to build new mobile IP
transport networks, the best choice is to use advanced pure packet microwave equipment to
transport future All IP services.
Page 8
Huawei's Microwave Solutions

Pure Packet
microwave
Hybrid microwave
Future-oriented
TDM/MSTP microwave
High Efficiency
Networklized
RTN 605
R1
R3
R1/R2
RTN 620
R3
R1
R2
RTN 910/950
R3
Page 9
Contents
1. Development of IP RAN and Evolution of
4. Hardware
5. Version Matching
Page 10
Radio Link Forms
The OptiX RTN 900 V1R2 provides the radio links of different forms by flexibly configuring
different IF boards and ODUs to meet the requirements of different microwave application
scenarios. Different radio link forms of OptiX RTN 900 V1R2 support different types of
microwaves. The radio link form of the TDM microwave supports the PDH microwave and
the SDH microwave. The radio link form of the Hybrid microwave support the Hybrid
microwave.
1.
The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services
(mainly, the E1 services). During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change
the features of the PDH services.
2.
The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the
transmission, the SDH microwave does not change the features of the SDH services.
3.
The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and
native Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM
function. During the transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of
the E1 services and Ethernet services.
Page 11
TDM Microwave
The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the E1 services).
During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change the features of the PDH services. Unlike the
conventional PDH microwave equipment, the RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM. The MADM grooms the E1
services to the microwave port for further transmission. Thus, the services can be groomed flexibly and
seamless convergence between the optical network and the microwave network is achieved.
The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the transmission, the SDH
microwave does not change the features of the SDH services.
Unlike the conventional SDH microwave equipment, the RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM. The MADM
grooms services to the microwave port through cross-connections, maps the services into the STM-1-based
microwave frames, and then transmits the STM-1-based microwave frames. Thus, the services can be
groomed flexibly and seamless convergence between the optical network and the microwave network is
achieved.
Page 12
The Capacity of TDM Microwave

Channel Spacing (MHz)
Modulation Mode
Service Capacity (Mbit/s)
QPSK
4xE1
3.5
16QAM
4xE1
14 (13.75)
QPSK
8xE1
16QAM
8xE1
28 (27.5)
QPSK
16xE1
14 (13.75)
16QAM
16xE1
14 (13.75)
32QAM
22xE1
14 (13.75)
64QAM
26xE1
28 (27.5)
16QAM
35xE1
Page 13
The Capacity of TDM Microwave (Cont.)

Channel Spacing (MHz)
Modulation Mode
Service Capacity (Mbit/s)
28 (27.5)
32QAM
44xE1
28 (27.5)
64QAM
53xE1
28 (27.5)
128QAM
1xSTM-1
28 (27.5)
QPSK
1xE3
14 (13.75)
16QAM
1xE3
If the radio link form is the SDH/PDH microwave, the maximum capacity of each
channel of microwave is STM-1.
Page 14
Hybrid Microwave
The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native
Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function. During the
transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1 services and
Ethernet services.
The RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM and a packet processing platform. The MADM
transmits E1 services that are accessed locally or extracted from the SDH to the microwave
port. After processing the accessed Ethernet services in the unified manner, the packet
processing platform transmits the Ethernet services to the microwave port. The microwave port
maps the E1 services and the Ethernet services into Hybrid microwave frames and then
transmits the Hybrid microwave frames.
Page 15
Service Transmission Mode

The Hybrid microwave defines different types of Hybrid microwave frames for different working
modes. The accessed E1 services and Ethernet services are multiplexed into the same Hybrid
microwave frame, and then transmitted to the ODU through the IF interface after IF coding and
modulation. The E1 services and the Ethernet services are transmitted to the remote end through
the microwave after the up-conversion.
The features of the Hybrid microwave frame are as follows:
The frames with a fixed period are used for transmission.
In the specific modulation mode or channel spacing, the length of Hybrid microwave frames
remains unchanged.
The E1 services in Hybrid microwave frames occupy a fixed bandwidth (when N E1 services are
transmitted, the bandwidth of N E1 services is occupied). Thus, the Hybrid microwave does not
change the features of the E1 services during transmission.
In Hybrid microwave frames, the Ethernet services occupy the remaining bandwidth of the E1
services. The encapsulation adaptation processing of the Ethernet frames is performed, so the
Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the Ethernet services during transmission.
The hybrid transmission of native E1 services and native Ethernet services in the Hybrid
microwave is supported.
Page 16
Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service

Maximum
Number of E1s
in Services
Channel
Spacing (MHz)
Modulation
Mode
Service Capacity
(Mbit/s)
QPSK
10
9~11
16QAM
20
10
19~23
32QAM
25
12
24~29
64QAM
32
15
31~37
128QAM
38
18
39~44
256QAM
44
21
43~51
14 (13.75)
QPSK
20
10
20~23
14 (13.75)
16QAM
42
20
41~48
14 (13.75)
32QAM
51
24
50~59
Port Throughput
(Mbit/s)
Page 17

(Cont.)
Channel Spacing
(MHz)
Modulation
Mode
Service Capacity
(Mbit/s)
Maximum
Number of E1s
in Services
Port Throughput
(Mbit/s)
14 (13.75)
64QAM
66
31
65~76
14 (13.75)
128QAM
78
37
77~90
14 (13.75)
256QAM
90
43
90~104
28 (27.5)
QPSK
42
20
41~48
28 (27.5)
16QAM
84
40
84~97
28 (27.5)
32QAM
105
50
108~125
28 (27.5)
64QAM
133
64
130~150
28 (27.5)
128QAM
158
75
160~180
28 (27.5)
256QAM
183
75
180~210
Page 18

(Cont.)
Maximum
Number of E1s in
Services
Port Throughput
(Mbit/s)
84
40
84~97
16QAM
168
75
170~190
56 (55)
32QAM
208
75
210~240
56 (55)
64QAM
265
75
260~310
56 (55)
128QAM
313
75
310~360
56 (55)
256QAM
363
75
360~420
Channel Spacing
(MHz)
Modulatio
n Mode
56 (55)
QPSK
56 (55)
Service Capacity
(Mbit/s)
If the radio link form is the Hybrid microwave, the maximum capacity of each channel of
microwave is 363 Mbit/s when the high power ODU is used or 183 Mbit/s when the
standard power ODU is used. If the XPIC technology is used, the service capacity of the
microwave channel can be doubled with same the spectrum bandwidth.
Page 19
Modulation Modes
The TDM microwave only supports fixed modulation. The Hybrid microwave supports fixed
modulation and adaptive modulation (AM).
The fixed modulation refers to a modulation scheme wherein a modulation scheme is

adopted invariably when the radio link is running. When the fixed modulation is adopted,
the modulation scheme can be configured through software. A modulation scheme can
range from QPSK to 256QAM.
The AM is a technology through which the modulation scheme can be adjusted

automatically according to the channel quality. When the AM is adopted, the lowest
modulation mode (also called reference mode) and highest modulation scheme (also called
nominal mode) can be configured through software.
Adaptive Modulation
Fixed Modulation
Capacity
Capacity
QPSK
256QAM
128QAM
64QAM
99.9%
HSPA
Fixed Bandwidth
HSPA
99.999%
GSM
Outage: 5.25min
TDM radio
Time
GSM
256QAM
128QAM
16QAM
64QAM
32QAM
Outage: 525.60min
99.95%
QPSK
Outage: 262.80min
99.99%
Outage: 52.56min
99.995%
Outage: 26.28min
99.998%
Outage: 10.51min
99.999%
Outage: 5.25min
Packet radio
Page 20
Voice
Time
AM Technology
Through the AM technology, the Hybrid microwave uses a high-efficiency modulation scheme when
the channel is of better quality. Hence, more user services can be transmitted and thus the
transmission efficiency and spectrum utilization are improved. When the quality of the channel is
degraded, the Hybrid microwave uses the low-efficiency modulation scheme, in which only the
services of a high priority are transmitted. Hence, the anti-interference capability of links is
enhanced and availability of the links on which the high-priority services are transmitted is ensured.
E1 services are of the highest priority in the AM-based Hybrid microwave transmission. Ethernet
services are classified into flows of different priorities based on the CoS technology. When the
Hybrid microwave uses the lowest-efficiency modulation scheme, the equipment transmits E1
services only (if the service bandwidth is higher than the total bandwidth of the E1 services, the
Ethernet services of a high priority can be transmitted). When the Hybrid microwave uses other
modulation schemes, the increased bandwidth can be used to transmit Ethernet services. In this
case, availability of the links on which the E1 services and Ethernet services of a high priority are
transmitted can be ensured and the capacity for transmitting Ethernet services increases.
Page 21
AM Implementation
When the SNR value received at the receive end is
lower than the threshold, the receive end transmits
Before
switching quality degradation indication signals to the AM engine.
The AM engine at the receive end places switching
indication signals to the overheads of a Hybrid
microwave frame. The switching indication signals are
transmitted to the local end through the transmit path.
The IF unit at the transmit end processes IF signals,
and transmits the switching indication signals of the
AM to the AM engine.
The AM engine transmits the switching indication
signals to the service signal processing unit and the IF
signal modulation unit, indicating that the service signal
processing unit and the IF signal modulation unit
complete the switching of service frames and the
change of modulation schemes after frame N.
After the modulation scheme changes,

After
the bandwidth of E1 services does not
switching
change. The Ethernet services with
higher priorities are multiplexed into
microwave frames based on the QoS.
Thus, the remaining bandwidth of the
microwave frames is used to transmit the
Ethernet services with lower priorities.
Due to the switching to the low
modulation scheme, the bandwidth of the
Ethernet services that are multiplexed
into the multiplex unit becomes low, and
the bandwidth of the Hybrid microwave
frames also becomes low.
Page 22
AM Features
Detected
Detected
SNR
SNR
decrease
Increased
d
Prepare to
Switch to
64QAM
32QAM
64QAM
32QAM
32QAM
64QAM Massage
Message
Modulation
Bandwidth
Capacity
32QAM
28MHz
100 M
64QAM
28MHz
150 M
The AM technology can use the QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and 256QAM modulation
schemes.
The lowest modulation scheme (also called reference mode) and highest modulation scheme (also called
nominal mode) can be configured.
When the modulation schemes of the AM are switched, the transmit frequency, receive frequency, and channel
spacing do not change.
When the AM modulation scheme is switched, the step by step mode is adopted.
When the AM switches the modulation scheme, the services with a low priority are discarded but no bit errors or
slips occur in the services with a high priority. The speed of switching the modulation scheme meets the
requirement for no bit error in the case of 100 dB/s fast fading.
Page 23
Hybrid Microwave Application

256QAM@14 MHz: 100M
All priority
256QAM@28MHz:
128QAM@28
MHz:200M
180M
NodeB
256QAM@14 MHz: 100M
NodeB
Low Priority
All priority
NodeB
User 1
Mobile
User 2
VoIP
User 3
NodeB
Video
User n
Internet
The Hybrid microwave ensures the service reliability and optimizes the service capacity
through the hybrid transmission of E1 services and Ethernet services, AM, and Ethernet
QoS control.
Page 24
RTN 900V1R2 Microwave link

Radio Link Form
TDM radio link
Hybrid radio link that

supports the XPIC
Hybrid radio link
Type of the System

Control, CrossConnect, and Timing
Board
CST/CSH
CSH
CSH
Type of the IF Board
IF1
IFU2
IFX2
Modulation Mode
QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64Q QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64 QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/6

AM/128QAM
QAM/128QAM/256QAM
4QAM/128QAM/256QAM
Channel Spacing
3.5MHz/7MHz/14MHz/28M 37MHz/14MHz/28MHz/56
Hz
MHz
28MHz/56MHz
AM Function
No support
support
support
Protection function
1+1 HSB/FD/SD, N+1
1+1HSB/FD/SD, N+1
XPIC, 1+1 HSB/FD/SD,

N+1
support
support
Ethernet supported or
No support
not
Page 25
Contents
4. Hardware
5. Version Matching
Page 26
Value of the OptiX RTN 900 (I)

Product
Package
OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

The OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 is a new-generation hybrid/TDM MW
transmission product developed by Huawei on the basis of the universal
platform that integrates TDM, Hybrid, and Packet. This product supports
features such as AM, synchronous Ethernet, Ethernet ring, and air interface
LAG. Huawei is the only supplier that provides the MW transmission
product integrating TDM, Hybrid, and Packet in the industry.
Features
Smooth evolution: The universal platform supports the smooth evolution of

TDM -> Hybrid -> Pure Packet.
Hybrid ring protection: Hybrid ring protection is implemented by jointly

using the E1 SNCP and Ethernet ring protection switching (ERPS). The E1
SNCP and ERPS are independent of each other.
XPIC: When the XPIC and CCDP technologies are used, the transmitter
transmits two electromagnetic waves whose polarization directions are
orthogonal to each other to the receiver over the same channel. The
receiver recovers the original two channels of signals after eliminating the
interference between the two electromagnetic waves through the XPIC
technology. In this manner, the transmission capacity is doubled.
Page 27
Value of the OptiX RTN 900 (II)

Product
Package
OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

. Eight QoS levels: Each Ethernet port supports eight levels of priority queue
scheduling, that is, eight standard PHBs: BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF, CS6,
and CS7.
Modulation scheme: QPSK-256QAM (7 MHz to 56 MHz). It supports two

modulation modes: fixed modulation and adaptive modulation (AM). AM
dynamically works with QoS to ensure fine service quality.
Synchronous Ethernet: compliant with ITU-T G.8261, 8262, and 8264. The
locked state is accurate to be smaller than 50 ppb, which meets the
requirement.
Dynamic or static MW routing configuration of E2E OAM&P and E2E

enhances the flexibility of MW networks and reduces the cost for
maintenance.
Network-level protection schemes such as ERPS and MSTP are supported.
Features
The OptiX RTN 910 is built in with a packet processing platform with an
exchange capacity of 4.2 Gbit/s.
The OptiX RTN 950 is built in with a packet processing platform with an
exchange capacity of 10 Gbit/s.
Page 28
Overview of Main Features

Main Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
Service Capability
Large capacity:
156E1, 1.6G
Multi-service
access capability
(E1/FE/GE/STM-1)
Data Capability
RF Capability
QoS queues of
eight priorities
E-LINE
E-LAN
Multi-protection
function:
(LAG/MSTP/ERPS)
Ethernet Clock
Synchronization
Same ODU in all

scenarios (QPSK
-> 256QAM
integration)
Microwave type
(TDM microwave,
Hybrid microwave)
AM function
XPIC
1+1, N+1
O&M
Eth OAM
802.3ah
802.1ag
Protection
LMSP, SNCP
ERPS, LAG,
MSTP
Power supply
1+1 hot backup
Control,
switching, and
clock board 1+1
hot backup
Integrated Platform for TDM, Hybrid, and Packet Networks
Page 29
System Capacity
TDM service
capacity over air
interface
Hybrid service
capacity over air
interface
Cross-connect
capacity
Switching
capacity
Maximum Service Capacity
Description
1xSTM1
IF1 board
363 Mbit/s
High power ODU
183 Mbit/s
Standard power ODU
Full time-division cross-connections

at the VC-12, VC-3, or VC-4 level,
which are equivalent to 32x32 VC-4s
OptiX RTN 950
Full time-division cross-connections

at the VC-12, VC-3, or VC-4 level,
which are equivalent to 8x8 VC-4s
OptiX RTN 910
10 Gbit/s
OptiX RTN 950
4.2 Gbit/s
OptiX RTN 910
Page 30
Ethernet Access Capacity

Equipment
OptiX RTN 910
OptiX RTN 950
Switching capacity
4.2 Gbit/s
10 G bit/s
Service type
ELINE, ELAN
ELINE, ELAN
Number of services
1024
1024
Number of VLAN tags
4094
4094
Number of traffic
classifications
1024
1024
Packet length
1518-9600
1518-9600
Size of MAC address table
16KB
16KB
Page 31
QoS Solution
End to end QoS deployment
OptiX
RTN 900
Core
OptiX
RTN 900
NodeB
NodeB
P
BTS
NodeB
NodeB
UNI:
NodeB 1
NodeB 2
Identification by user
NodeB 3
Identification by service
Per user-service QOS assurance NodeB n
Voice
VoIP
Video
Internet
Type-based hierarchical service assurance: fine scheduling of multiple services per BS/user/user
group to ensure the QoS
Maximizing business values: fine bandwidth control to make full use of network resources,
containing more users
Network side: control over the DS-TE (a rigid channel similar to the SDH VC) based on planning
Page 32
VLAN Nesting (QinQ)

Background
The existing 4K CVLAN tags are insufficient for service planning.

VLAN IDs are conflicted between convergence services and between
the services traversing a third-party network.
The transmission department of the carrier is separate from the
wireless department, and it is difficult for the transmission department
to work with the wireless department for VLAN planning.
Scenario requirement:
(1) CVLAN conflicts on the
BS side should be avoided.
Values and Highlights
1
2
The network configuration

and maintenance are
simplified.
VLAN resources are
extended for the carrier.
Application Scenario
CVLAN=1
Packets on the customer's

network are protected.
The VLAN customization
capability for the carrier is
provided.
SVLAN=1
CVLAN=2
CVLAN=3
Microwave/Optical ring
CVLAN=1
SVLAN=2
RNC
CVLAN=2
CVLAN=5
1. VLAN conflicts are avoided on the

NodeB side.
2. The transmission department can
complete VLAN planning independently.
3. The service configuration workload is
reduced.
Page 33
Synchronous Ethernet
Scenario description
(1) In the case of 3G services, only clock synchronization is
required for technologies such as WCDMA.
(2) In this case, the synchronous Ethernet technology can be
adopted to transmit clock information. The difference between
the synchronous Ethernet technology and the ACR mode is
that the clock information is stored at the physical layer in the
synchronous Ethernet technology but is stored in services in
ACR mode.
Application Scenario 2
Scenario requirement
(1) The packet network transmits backhual
2G/3G wireless services.
(2) Clock frequency synchronization is provided
for 2G/3G wireless services.
Values and
Highlights
Acceptable cost
because no
additional
configuration is
required
High
synchronization
precision
Free from the
impacts of the
network load
Synchronization of the
entire wireless network
E1
BT
TimeS
The gateway
equipment adopts
the BITS clock as
the primary clock
reference source.
T1/E1
PSN network
NodeB
1
Time
Time
Time
BITS
cSTM-1
Time
GE BSC/RNC
FE
NodeB
FE
Clock information is transmitted to the

streams at the Ethernet physical layer
at one end of an Ethernet link and is
extracted at the other end of the
Ethernet link. Then the clock
information is transmitted level by
level.
Page 34
E-Line Service
The E-Line service is a point-to-point service form on the topology. The equipment transmits the packets
or VLAN packets on a specified port on the user side to a port on the user side or network side or to the
QinQ link on the network side, thus implementing point-to-point transparent transmission of user data.
According to transmission modes, E-Line services are classified into the following types:
(1) UNI-UNI Ethernet service
(2) UNI-NNI Ethernet service carried on a port
(3) UNI-NNI Ethernet service carried on a QinQ link
Page 35
E-LAN Service
The E-LAN service is a multipoint-to-multipoint service form on the topology. The equipment forwards packets or
VLAN packets on a specified port from the user side to multiple ports or to a PW or QinQ link on the network
side, thus implementing multipoint-to-multipoint transparent transmission of user data.
On the network side, the Ethernet services can be transmitted on a port or QinQ link.
The QinQ link bearer means that an S-VLAN tag of the transport network is added to packets with the C-VLAN
tag on the network of the user side, and thus the packets are labeled with two VLAN tags when traversing the
transport network.
This provides a simple L2VPN tunnel for users. With regard to the services carried on a QinQ link, the QoS can
be ensured by configuring the QinQ policy.
MAC1
MAC1/2
MAC1/2
VLAN
MAC1/2/3/4
1
MAC2
FE: VLAN1
MAC3/4
VLAN
2
BTS/NodeB MAC1
E-LAN1 (region 1)
FE: VLAN1
BTS/NodeB MAC2
BSC/RNC MAC4
FE: VLAN2
E-LAN2 (region 2)
BTS/NodeB MAC3
BSC/RNC MAC5
MAC3
FE: No VLAN
MAC3/4
BTS/NodeB MAC4
Add VLAN2
MAC4
Page 36
MSTP
The
Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) is adopted for network loops. MSTP adopts an
algorithm to prune a looped network to a tree network without loops, thus preventing the increase
and infinite loop of packets on the looped network.
Broadcast
storm
happen
Broadcasting
packet
One link has

physical faults
Shut down one port,

ring broken,
broadcast storm
stop.
Normally, to
avoid
Ethernet
The link
which shut
ring,
this
link isis
down logically
logically
shut
reactived, Ring
down
protection happen
Page 37
ERPS
Ethernet ring protection switching (ERPS) is applicable to ring physical networks. The ERPS protects the E-LAN
services between various nodes on the ring. After a ring network adopts Ethernet ring protection, normally, the
owner node blocks the port on one side on the ring to transmit services on the port of the other side, thus
preventing service loops. When a link or an NE on the ring is faulty, the owner node unblocks its upstream port
to transmit services on the faulty link or NE, thus implementing ring network protection.
Scenario Description
The RPL owner

prevents
services from
entering the
ServiceRPL.
channel after
switching
Activate a protection
Ring
link and perform ring
protection link
protection switching
Ring Prote
ction
Link
1. Select the shortest path from the service

channels between microwave stations on the
ring.
2. Specify a ring protection link that projects
any microwave link on the ring.
3. Any faulty microwave link on the ring can
activate the ring protection link.
4. A link fault on the ring can be rectified
through automatic or manual switching.
Values of the ERPS
X
The link fault
Service
is rectified.
channel Any link is
faulty.
Microwav
e ring
The service
channel is
recovered to the
status before
switching.
Service
channel after
switching
Spectrum resources in microwave networking

are saved.
Ethernet services on the entire network are
protected.
High switching performance is supported. The
ring switching time is 200 ms.
Compared with 1+1 protection, less equipment
is used in ring network protection, thus
minimizing networking investments.
Page 38
LAG (IEEE 802.3ad)

One
or more Ethernet links are

aggregated to form an link
aggregation (LAG) so that the MAC
customer regards the LAG as one
link.
How to transmit 300

Mbit/s services on a
200 Mbit/s air
interface?
Main
functions:
1. Increasing the link capacity
2. Improving link availability
100 Mbit/s microwave

0 Mbit/s
link 1
microwave link 1
link 2
150 Mbit/s
microwave link 2
150 Mbit/s
link 3
microwave link 3
Multiple microwave
links form a larger
logical pipe.
Scenario
requirement:
Multiple links exist between two stations.
(1) When the traffic of one service exceeds the
transmission bandwidth of one physical link, the
service can be transmitted on multiple links
through traffic sharing.
(2) Links work in mutual protection mode.
Load sharing
by the LAG
LAG
Microwave/Opti
cal ring
Values and Highlights

Port
protection
by the LAG
RNC
Links on the user side/air interface side are

protected.
Multiple microwave links are aggregated to

form one logical link, thus increasing the
bandwidth of the logical link.
2
Page 39
XPIC TechnologyUp to 800 Mbit/s AirInterface Capacity

56 MHz
One frequency point can transmit

two-channel signals.
400
400
400
400
Transmission capacity supported by one

frequency point: 2x400
Mbit/s
Large-capacity Ethernet transmission
The XPIC technology supports a single frequency point to transmit two-channel

signals, thus doubling the usage of spectrum resources. Up to 800 Mbit/s
Ethernet throughput per carrier frequency is implemented.
The large-capacity transmission requirement of data services is met.
Page 40
AMIncreasing the Bandwidth by Four Times

256QAM
Voice
99.999%
Data
128QAM
64QAM
99.99%
Voice
Data
99.9%
Voice
Data
Encapsulation
Element
in Network
Planning
32QAM
16QAM
QPSK
Modulation
scheme
Real-time service
Non-real-time service
Band
Distance
Bandwidth
Modulation
scheme
Transmission
capacity
EOS
Packet
7G
30.6 km
28 Mbit/s
7G
30.6 km
28 Mbit/s
QPSK
128QAM
40 Mbit/s
200 Mbit/s
AM
Important feature of the packet microwave: The modulation scheme can be automatically
changed according to the transmission conditions of the air interface, thus ensuring high-level
service transmission.
Increasing the bandwidth by four times on sunny days: Under the same conditions, the OptiX
RTN equipment can support the 200 Mbit/s capacity but the EOS of the TMD can support only
the 40 Mbit/s capacity.
Eight QoS levels on rainy days: The monitoring mechanism ensures the fine and hierarchical
service transmission.
Page 41
Ethernet OAM
Background
IP-based
networks cater for the development trend.

Different from SDH services, Ethernet services do
not have the operation, management, or
maintenance capabilities.
There are no methods or tools to rapidly and easily
locate service link faults.
There are requirements for detecting the faults and
performance of point-to-point Ethernet physical
links between two pieces of directly connected
equipment in the last mile.
ME A
802.3ah
Access
(1) CC: Link status and one-way

connectivity are detected in real time.
(2) LB: Single-end location or detection is
performed, and two-way connectivity is
detected.
(3) LT: Faults are located on site.
(4) 802.3ah: The performance of the
physical link in the last mile is
monitored and faults are located.
Core
IEEE 802.1ag
ME D
Access
802.3ah
Page 42
RNC
Clock Feature
Supporting the trace mode, hold-over mode, and free-run mode, which complies
with the ITU-T G.813 standard
Supporting the line clock source, tributary clock source, microwave clock source,
synchronous Ethernet clock source, and external clock signals
Supporting the SSM protocol and the extended SSM protocol. SSM information
can be transmitted with the synchronous Ethernet and external clock signals
through the SDH line and microwave.
Supporting re-timing of tributaries
Supporting the synchronous Ethernet function
Page 43
License Strategy for the OptiX RTN 900
Page 44
Contents
3. Features and functions
4. Hardware
5. Version matching
Page 45
Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900

V1R2IDU
The IDUs of the OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950 adopt the card plug-in design. The OptiX RTN
910 and OptiX RTN 950 can provide different functions by configuring different types of boards.
RTN 910 IDU
RTN 950 IDU
1U
Supports microwave in up to two

directions.
Supports the 1+1 protection

(HSB/SD/FD).
Supports the 2+0 configuration
Support XPIC
2U
Support microwave in up to six direction
Support
the
(HSB/SD/FD)
Support N+0 (N5)
Support N+1 (N 4)
Support XPIC
Page 46
1+1
protection
Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V1R2

Boards
System Control and Cross-connect Switch Board
910
IF Board & Service Board

IFU2: Hybrid IF Board
CSHA: 16*E1+2*FE+2*GE
IFX2: Hybrid XPIC IF Board

IF1: TDM IF Board
CSHB: 32*E1+2*FE+2*GE
CSHC: 16*E1+2*STM-1+2*FE+2*GE
EM6T: 4xFE (RJ45)+2xGE(RJ45) Board

EM6F: 4xFE (RJ45)+2xGE(SFP) Board
SP3S: 16xE1 Board
CSTA: 16*E1+2*STM-1
SP3D: 32xE1 Board
950
SL1D: 2xSTM-1(O) Board

AUX :Assistant Channel Interface
Board (Only for RTN 950)
CSH: Hybrid System Control and Cross-connect board
CST: TDM System Control and Cross- connect Board
Page 47

IDU 910 Paired slots
442 (width) x 220 (depth) x 44.45 (height) mm
Board Name
Description
Valid Slot
CSHA(A/B)
16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Hybrid control, switching, and timing board.
Slot 1 and slot 2
CSHB(A/B)
32*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Hybrid control, switching, and timing board.
Slot 1 and slot 2
CSHC(A/B)
16*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*STM-1(SFP)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Hybrid control, switching, and

timing board.
Slot 1 and slot 2
CSTA(A/B)
16*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*STM-1(SFP) TDM control, switching, and timing board.
Slot 1 and slot 2
IFU2
Hybrid IF board
Slot 3 and slot 4
IFX2
Hybrid XPIC IF board
Slot 3 and slot 4
IF1
TDM IF board
Slot 3 and slot 4
EM6T
4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Ethernet interface board
Slot 3 and slot 4
EM6F
4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Ethernet interface board
Slot 3 and slot 4
SP3S(A/B)
16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)tributary board
Slot 3 and slot 4
SP3D(A/B)
32*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm) tributary board
Slot 3 and slot 4
SL1D
2*STM-1 Optical interface board
Slot 3 and slot 4
PIU
Power board
Slot 5
FAN
FAN board
Slot 6
Each of the CSHA, CSHB, CSHC and CSTA boards occupies two slots. Each board occupies slot 1 and slot 2 at the same time.
All the boards, except for the power board, support the hot plugging.
Page 48
Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900

V100R002IDU
910
1+0: One direction
PIU
Slot 5
Slot 6
PIU
FAN
Slot 5
Slot 6
IFU2/IFX2/IF1
Slot 3
Slot 1/2
CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA
IFX2
Slot 3
Slot 4
Slot 4
IFX2
CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA
Slot 1/2
1+1: One direction

PIU
Slot 5
FAN
FAN
Slot 6
IFU2/IFX2/IF1
Slot 3
Slot 4
IFU2/IFX2/IF1
CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA
Slot 1/2
1+0: Two direction

PIU
Slot 5
FAN
Slot 6
Slot 3
IFU2/IFX2/IF1
Slot 1/2
Slot 4
IFU2/IFX2/IF1
CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA
Page 49

IDU
950
Three groups of paired slots
442 (width) x 220 (depth) x 88.9 (height) (mm)
Board Name
Description
Valid Slot
CSH
Hybrid control, switching, and timing board.
Slot 7 and slot 8
CST
TDM control, switching, and timing board.
Slot 7 and slot 8
AUX
Auxiliary interface board
Slot 1~slot 6
IFU2
Hybrid IF board
Slot 1~slot 6
IFX2
Hybrid XPIC IF board
Slot 1~slot 6
IF1
TDM IF board
Slot 1~slot 6
EM6T
4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Ethernet interface board
Slot 1~slot 6
EM6F
4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Ethernet interface board
Slot 1~slot 6
SP3S(A/B)
16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)tributary board
Slot 1~slot 6
SP3D(A/B)
32*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm) tributary board
Slot 1~slot 6
SL1D
2*STM-1 Optical interface board
Slot 1~slot 6
PIU
Power board
Slot 9 and slot 10
FAN
FAN board
Slot 11
Page 50
Interconnection of IF Boards
Air interface interconnection between the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 and the OptiX RTN 600 V100R003
OptiX RTN 600
V100R003
OptiX RTN 900
V100R002
IF0
IF1
IFH1 (OptiX
RTN 605)
IFH2
IFX
IF1
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
IFU2
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
IFX2
No
No
No
No
No
Air interface interconnection between the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 and the OptiX RTN 900 V100R001
OptiX RTN 900
V100R001
OptiX RTN 900
V100R002
IFE2
IFU2
IFX2
IF1
No
No
No
IFU2
Yes
(Only Pure ETH)
Yes
(Only Pure ETH)
No
IFX2
No
No
Yes
The IFU2 can be interconnected with the IFE2 only in the case of pure Ethernet services. When E1 services are
transmitted with Ethernet services on the IFU2, the IFU2 cannot be interconnected with the IFE2.
The IF1 of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 works in 128QAM/28 MHz mode and can be interconnected with the IFX of
the OptiX RTN 600 V100R003.

The overall principles for air-interface interconnection are as follows: Boards with the same name can be
interconnected. Hybrid IF boards can be interconnected. TDM IF boards can be interconnected. Hybrid IF boards can
be interconnected with packet IF boards when transmitting pure Ethernet services.
Page 51
Contents
4. Hardware
5. Version Matching
Page 52
Version Matching
Matching of the NMS and Tools
Name
U2000
WEBLCT
DC
Description
Matched Version
NMS
V100R001C00
Site commissioning tool
V100R002C00
Upgrade tool
V200R007C02
Page 53
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OptiX RTN 900

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

About This Document

The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split

Huawei. It can provide a solution that is integrated

requirements. RTN 900 V1R1 support pure packet

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Product

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Evolution of microwave products

Microwave features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

Functions of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

Hardware features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

Version matching of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Advent of the IP Age

Three Microwave Forms

Native TDM + Native Ethernet

It is pure packet microwave.

Evolution of Microwave Transmission Network

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Huawei's Microwave Solutions

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Radio Link Forms

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Capacity of TDM Microwave

Service Capacity (Mbit/s)

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Capacity of TDM Microwave (Cont.)

Service Capacity (Mbit/s)

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Service Transmission Mode

Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

The fixed modulation refers to a modulation scheme wherein a modulation scheme is

The AM is a technology through which the modulation scheme can be adjusted

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

After the modulation scheme changes,

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hybrid Microwave Application

256QAM@14 MHz: 100M

RTN 900V1R2 Microwave link

TDM radio link

Hybrid radio link that

Hybrid radio link

Type of the System

Type of the IF Board

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64Q QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64 QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/6

1+1 HSB/FD/SD, N+1

XPIC, 1+1 HSB/FD/SD,

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Value of the OptiX RTN 900 (I)

OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

Smooth evolution: The universal platform supports the smooth evolution of

Hybrid ring protection: Hybrid ring protection is implemented by jointly