Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Guided by,
Prof. M.S. Nagmode
Submitted by,
Manjiri Phadnis.
Neha Naik.
Introduction
o VLIW processing was invented by Josh Fisher in 1980
o Very long instruction word or VLIW refers to a processor
o
o
o
o
o
Different Approaches
Other approaches to improving performance in processor
architectures :
o Pipelining
Breaking up instructions into sub-steps so that instructions
can be executed partially at the same time
o Superscalararchitectures
o
o
ILP
Consider the following program:
op 1 e = a + b
op2 f = c + d
op3 m = e * f
o Operation 3 depends on the results of operations 1 and 2, so
o Software approach
VLIW COMPILER
o Compiler is responsible for static scheduling of instructions
in VLIW processor.
o Compiler finds out which operations can be executed in
VLIW Instruction
o One VLIW instruction word encodes multiple operations
execution units
o To accommodate these operation fields, VLIW instructions
VLIW Instruction
Add r1,r2,r3; Sub r4,r5,r6; Ld r7,data; St
r8,data
REGESTER FILES
ALU
ALU
LOAD
/STORE
LOAD
/STORE
ILP in VLIW
o Consider the computation of
+ a3x3
y = a1x1 + a2x2
On a sequential processor
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle
cycle 1: load a1
load x1
cycle 2: load a2
load x2
Multiply z1 a1 x1
cycle 3: load a3
load x3
Multiply z2 a2 x2
cycle 4: multiply z3 a3 x3
add y z1 z2
cycle 5: add y y z3
1: load a1
2: load x1
3: load a2
4: load x2
5: multiply z1 a1 x1
6: multiply z2 a2 x2
7: add y z1 z2
8: load a3
9: load x3
10: multiply z1 a3 x3
11: add y y z2
requires 11 cycles.
requires 5 cycles.
Block Diagram
Working
o Long instruction words are fetched from the memory
o A common multi-ported register file for fetching the
o
o
o
o
VLIW:
Superscalar:
Done
VLIW:
Done statically at compile time by compiler.
Data dependency is checked by compiler.
In case of un-filled opcodes in a VLIW, memory space
CISC
RISC
VLIW
Instruction Size
Varies
One size
Instruction
Semantics
Many simple,
independent
operations
Registers
Few, sometimes
special
Many, general-purpose
Many, generalpurpose
Hardware Design
Exploit microcode
implementations
Exploit
implementations
with one pipeline and
&
no microcode
Exploit
implementations
with
multiple pipelines,
no microcode &
Advantages of VLIW
o
Disadvantages of VLIW
o
APPLICATION
o VLIW architecture is suitable for Digital Signal
Processing applications.
o Processing of media data like
compression/decompression of Image and speech
data.
Examples of VLIW
processor
TIC62/C67
Executes 8 instructions per cycle
Two register file structure
Functional units: two multipliers and six ALUs
8/16/32 bit arithmetic
40-bit operations
Bit manipulation operations
Examples of VLIW
processor
o VLIW Mini supercomputers:
THANK YOU