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Interdependence Among Living

Organism

SPECIES

POPULATI
ON

HABITAT

COMMUNI
TY

ECOSYST
EM

Species
turtle
Species
fish
Species
frog

of
of
of

Population of
Frogs

Population of
Turtles

Population of
Fishies

POND COMMUNITY
FOREST COMMUNITY

Organism obtain its food, shelter and


protection
Organism where the organism
reproduce
Has many kinds of organism living in it

Different Land Habitats

Desert

Tundra

Grasslands

Rainforest

Freshwater Habitats
Pond
Lake
Stream
River

You might find frogs, ducks, beavers,


turtles, dragonflies, and many kinds of
fish in a freshwater habitat.

Saltwater Habitats
Oceans

Sharks, starfish, whales,


dolphins, lobster, and coral
are some of the animals
found in the ocean.

To summarize.

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Competition,
Predation and
Symbiosis

Interactions
What are
three
major
types of
interactio
ns among
organism
s?

There are three major types


of interactions among
organisms:
1. Competition
2. Predation
3. Symbiosis

Predation/Prey-predator
Predation is an interaction in which one
organism kills another for food.

What is
predation The organism that does the killing for food is
the predator.
?
What is the The organisms that is killed for food is the
relationship prey.
between
predator and
prey?

What is the difference between


Predator and Prey?

Predator

Dominant organism
Smaller population
Always carnivores, but can be
omnivorous sometimes
Powerful
Completely depends on the
prey for food

Prey

Submissive organism
Larger population
More often herbivorous,
but can be omnivores, or
carnivores sometimes
Weaker
Would not die in the
absence of predators

Which is the prey? Which is


the predator?

Symbiosis
What is
symbiosis?

What are
the three
types of
symbiotic
relationship
s?

Symbiosis is a close
relationship between two
species that benefits at least
one of the species.
There are three types of
symbiotic relationships:
1. Mutualism
2. Commensalism
3. Parasitism

Commensalism
What is
commensalis
m?

Commensalism Is a relationship in
which one species benefits and the
other species is neither helped nor
harmed.
Example
The red-tailed hawks interaction with the
saguaro cactus .
The hawks benefit by having a place to build
their nests.
The cactus is not affected by the hawks.

Commensalism
Clown fish and anemone
Clown fish gets protection.
Anemone is unaffected.

Mutualism
What is
Mutualism
?

Mutualism A relationship in
which both species benefit.
Example:
The relationship between the
Saguaro Cactus and Long
Eared Bats.
Cactus flowers provide bats with
food
The cactus benefits because the
bats carry pollen from cactus to
cactus on their noses.

Mutualism
Antelope and oxbird
Antelope gets rid of parasites.
Oxbird gets a meal.

Mutualism
Moray eel and cleaner fish
Moray eel gets a clean
mouth.
Cleaner fish gets a meal.

Parasitism
What is
parasitism
?
What does
a parasitic
relationshi
p consist
of?

Parasitism involves one


organism living on or inside
another organism and
harming it.
The organism that benefits is
called a parasite.
The organism that the
parasite lives on or in is
known as the host.

Parasitism
Common parasites are fleas, ticks
and leeches.
These parasites have adaptation that
enable them to attach to their host
and feed on their blood.
Other parasites live inside the hosts
body such as tapeworms, that live
inside the digestive systems of dogs,
wolves, and some other mammals.
Unlike predators, a parasite does not
usually kill the organism it feeds on.

Competition
What is
competitio
n?
What do
organisms
have to do in
order to
reduce
competition?

Different species can share the same


habitat and food requirements.
Competition is the struggle between
organisms to survive as they attempt
to use the same limited resource.
In any ecosystem, there is a limited
amount of food, water and shelter.
Organisms that survive have
adaptations that enable them to
reduce competition.

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