CONTROL OF HVDC

SYSTEM

Presented by:
Presented to:

Aazim Rasool
1134200011
Dr. Chongru Liu

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing , China

Comparison HVAC & HVDC

AC

DC
North China Electric Power
University, Beijing

Comparison HVAC & HVDC

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

Comparison HVAC & HVDC

Cost of HVDC is less
One cable required instead of three

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

Comparison HVAC & HVDC

Same poles can be use. Moreover, slim and
smart poles are used for DC transmission

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

Comparison HVAC & HVDC

AC Transmission Line
North China
Electric Power
Corridor
University, Beijing

Comparison HVAC & HVDC

DC Transmission Line
North China
Electric Power
Corridor
University, Beijing

Comparison HVAC & HVDC

DC Transmission Line
North China
Electric Power
Corridor
University, Beijing

Operation

DC transmission system

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

Operation

In 6-phase;each transistor
operate for 120o .
Ebc -T3&T2

Ebc -T3&T4

Eba T5&T4

Eac -T1&T2

Each small block

representing 600
operation
Eca T5&T6

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

Ecb T1&T6

10

Operation

Graph representation of operation.

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

11

Operation & Control

Figure representing, when

firing delay angle
changes

To make eac(=0) ; switch ON

transistors 1 & 2
at
for

-60o
60o .

To make eac(0) ; switch ON

transistors 1 & 2
at
For

-60o +
60o + .
North China Electric Power
University, Beijing

12

Control
Rectifier Operation

A C

S y s te m

P o w e r F lo w

Inverter Operation
A C S y s te m

D C S y s te m

D C S y s te m

P o w e r F lo w

Id

Id
V 1

V 3

V 1

V 5

V 3

V 5

Phase A

P hase A

P hase B

P hase B

P hase C

P hase C
V 4

V 6

V 4

V 2

V 6

V 2

+Ud
R e c tifie r
O p e r a tio n

160

0
5

30

60

90

120

150

In v e r te r
O p e r a tio n

180

-U d

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

13

Control

R e c t.

L im it

+Ud

R e c tifie r
O p e r a tio n
160

0
5

30

60

90

120

150

180

In v e r te r
O p e r a tio n

-U d
Ud

0o

30o

60o

In v

L im it

Ud

Ud

90o

120o

150o

t
-U d

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

14

15

Basic principles of control

Direct current from the rectifier to the inverter

Vdor cos Vdoi cos

Id
Rcr Rl Rci

Power at the rectifier terminal

Pdr Vdr I d

Power at the inverter terminal

Pdi Vdi I d Pdr RL I d

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

Basic principles of control

:
Ignition delay angle for rectifier
min = 5 o (Required to charge thyristor)
op. = 15-20 o (Room for VR )
900
:
Extinction advance angle
min = 15o (50Hz)/ 18o (60Hz) avoid comm.
failure
** 1800 900 (For inverter mode)

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

16

Basic principles of control

* = overlap angle

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

17

Effect of Control Angel

1

= firing Angle
= Commutation
Interval

Vd

B
2
North China Electric Power
University, Beijing

18

Basic means of control

Internal voltages, Vdorcos and Vdoicos are used

to control the voltages at any point on the line
and the current flow (power)

This can be accomplished by:

Controlling firing angles of the rectifier and inverter (for

fast action)
Changing taps on the transformers on the AC side (slow
response)

Power reversal is obtained by reversal of polarity

of direct voltages at both ends
North China Electric Power
University, Beijing

19

Control Characteristic
Ideal Characteristic:
Under normal Condition;
Rectifier maintains CC (Constant Current)-
Inverter maintains CEA (Constant Extinction Angle)
min

Vd Vdoi cos ( RL Rci ) Id

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

20

Control Characteristic
Actual Characteristic
Rectifier
Abnormal Condition
FA represents min. ignition angle (CIA
mode)
AB represents Constant Current (CC
mode)

*CIA shows
North China Electric Power
University, Beijing

maximum rectifier
voltage
21

Control Characteristic
Actual Characteristic
Inverter
Abnormal Condition
GD represents min. extinction angle (CEA
mode)
GH represents Constant Current (CC mode)
Operating
Point

Operating
Point at
abnormal
North China Electric Power
University, Beijing

*CEA shows

maximum inverter
voltage
22

Rectifier & Inverter

Each converter can work as a rectifier Operating

as
Point 1
well as inverter.

O.P 1
C1=rectifier(CC)
C2=inverter(CEA)

Current is
same

O.P 2
C2=rectifier(CC)
C1=inverter(CEA)

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

Operating
Point 2

23

Decrease voltage at station B or increase voltage at station A. power flows

from A B Normal direction

Decrease voltage at station B or increase voltage at station A. power flows

from A B Normal direction North China Electric Power
University, Beijing

24

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

25

Power reversal is obtained North

by reversal
ofPower
polarity of direct voltages at
China Electric
University, Beijing
26
both ends.

Inverter - DC Voltage
Control
CONSTANT VOLTAGE MODE

CONSTANT B MODE

is set at higher; maintain low constant

voltage
is se at medium; make greater voltage
then CVM

V-I characteristic is
flat
Higher value of

Back-up type
is comparatively less

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

27

Mode Stabilization

Small change in AC-Voltage cause large

change in DC-Current.
There is a Mode Ambiguity.

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

28

Mode Stabilization

Fig a, represents constant mode.

Fig b , represents constant Voltage mode.

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

29

VDCOL

Voltage-Dependent Current-Order Limit.

Under low voltage(drop >30%);current also

decreases to low level

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

30

VDCOL
Graph shows the function of VDCOL in
control graph of rectifier and inverter
characteristic

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

31

References

Power system stability and control,

parabha qundar
Course Lectures HVDC , A.M Gole.
Presentation of HVDC
Transmission,Zunaib Ali

North China Electric Power

University, Beijing

32

Thanks
North China Electric Power
University, Beijing

33