INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

The relations between employers and

employees in the industry. In the
broad sense, the term also includes
the relations between the various
unions, between the state, and the
unions as well as those between the
employers and the state.
 APPROACHES TO INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS

 Psychological Approach
 Sociological Approach
 Human Resources Approach
 Socio-ethical Approach
ORGANIZATION FOR
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
 LINE ORGANIZATION:
 This is a direct vertical relation ship
 Authority flows from top to bottom
 Each level knows where to take orders
from and where to give orders
 Supervisor’s command over subordinate
is direct
 STAFF ORGANIZATION
FACTORS DETERMINING
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
ECONOMIC FACTORS INSTITUTIONAL
FACTORS
 The form of ownership
in an enterprise  Government policy
 The form of economic  Labour legislation
organization  Labour unions
 Capital structure of an  Association of
industrial enterprise employers
 Nature and composition  Social institutions
of labour force  Interest of work among
 Factors affecting workers
demand and supply of  Productivity of workers
labour  Motivation
 System of Industrial
Relation
OBJECTIVES OF INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS
 To create an atmosphere of mutual
faith and trust among workers and
management
 To settle industrial disputes
 To create a situation of full
employment
 To develop industrial democracy
 To solve labour problems
 To provide social justice
PRINCIPLES OF INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS

 Free exchange of ideas

 To follow the system of collective
bargaining
 Mutual Co-operation
CONSTITUENTS OF INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS
 Workers represented by their
organizations
 Management
a. Exploitative
b. Benevolent
c. Consultative
d. Participative
 The State (Government)
CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

 Good Human Resource Policy

 Mutual Trust
 Collective Bargaining
 Co-operation with State Agencies
 Training
CAUSES OF POOR INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS IN INDIA

 Occupational Instability
 Poor Climate
 Low level of Wages
 Un-interesting nature of work
 Political Nature of Trade Unions
Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Which are the parties involved in Industrial
Relations?
A. Employees B. Employees
Association
C. Third Parties D. Government
2. Why do employees join unions?
A. To shrink away from work B. To
prevent exploitation
C. Negotiate higher wages D. To form
groups
3. What among these is not the cause of dispute?
A. Wage Demand B. Job rotation
C. Union Rivalry D. Political
interference
Multiple Choice Questions:
4. Which of these are not methods of dispute settlement?
A. Collective Bargaining B. Arbitration
C. Strikes D. Grievance Procedures

5. Which one of these is not a hindrance towards

development of healthy industrial relations?

A. Absenteeism B. Ignorance and illiteracy

C. High turnover rate D. Child Labour