Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Breccias - definition
Broken rock sometimes associated with mineralisation
Breccias include
Sedimentary bx
Volcanic bx (often host rocks)
Magmatic bx (often pre-mineral mineralised magmatic
hydrothermal)
Tectonic bx (mineralised tectonic hydrothermal)
Relationships
of breccia
types
Breccia terminology
Descriptive terminology based upon the
Genetic Summary
Intrusion
Breccias
Associated with
emplacement of
intrusions with no
hydrothermal activity
Magmatic Hydrothermal Bx
Pebble
dykes/breccias
Kidston NE Australia
Kidston map
Kidston
Mixed breccia
Kidston
Marginal breccias:
Metamorphic bx
Granodiorite bx
Kidston
Spherulitic rhyolite
Kidston
Intrusion features
Kidston
Sheeted
veins
Kidston map
Kidston setting
Kidston Interp
Tourmaline Bx Model
Cu-Tourmaline breccias
Occur in batholith terrains probably at apophyses
Cu>Au in association with tourmaline, pyrite,
chalcopyrite
Initial collapse produced by venting of volatiles
promotes collapse and development of:
Tourmaline Bx - rocks
Shingle bx
Mt Terrible
Shingle Bx - Mexico
Phreatomagmatic Bx
Phreatomagmatic breccias
Formed by explosive activity involving magma
Lihir, PNG
Acupan, Philippines
Veladero, Argentina
Bedded breccias
Tuff rings
Sumbawa, Indonesia
Pascua, Chile
Surficial features
Bedded, lapilli,
Kelian, Indonesia
Wood Fragments,
Lihir, PNG
Veladero, Argentina
Yanacocha, Peru
Domes
Wau Diatreme,
Papua New Guinea
Namie Breccia
Crumple breccia
Mineralisation
Mineralisation at pipe
margin Lepanto
Mt Leyshon, Australia
Yanacocha, Peru
Veladero, Argentina
Phreatomagmatic breccias
fractured rocks
Characterised by significant transport of matrix
and lesser transport of host rocks fragments
Matrix of sulphides and rock flour
Characterised by dyke-like forms grading to more
marginal crackle breccias
Common in high sulphidation and some quartzsulphide low sulphidation deposits
Injection Bx
Fluidised injection
breccias
Rotational breccia
Fluidised breccia
Kelian, Indonesia
Lama Argentina
Lihir, PNG
Goonumbla, Australia
Bowdens, Australia
Ebx
Champange Pool
Champagne
Pool
Eruption breccia
Fluid outflows
Pamukale
sinter terrace
Turkey
Lihir Is Phreatic/eruption
breccia
Intrusion related
hydrothermal system
Silicified breccias
McLaughlin
crack seal
breccia-sinter
Ebx
Tectonic-hydrothermal breccias
including dilational (open space)
breccias
Form in open space faults
Common infill of hydrothermal minerals
Common sub surface sedimentary structures
Local milled, floating clast breccias, many
Dilational Bx
Kidston, Australia
Mt Kare
Porgera, Papua New Guinea
Floating clast
breccias
Hishikari
Milled floating
clast breccias
Mineralised
Fault
Breccia
Tectonichydrothermal
breccias
Rucked up fragments
Vera Nancy, rucked up
vein fragment led to
discovery
Bilimoia, pebble
dyke with rucked up
shale fragments
Fault
Breccia
Exploration significance
Breccias
Importance of descriptive classifications in the field
Analysis of field data to produce genetic
Lepanto
rucked up
breccia fragment
Breccia
matrix