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Facial-scans strengths
It has the ability to leverage existing image
acquisition equipment.
It can search against static images such as
drivers license photographs.
It is the only biometric able to operate
without user cooperation.
...
Facial-scans weaknesses
Changes in acquisition environment reduce
matching accuracy.
Changes in physiological characteristics
reduce matching accuracy.
It has the potential for privacy abuse due to
noncooperative enrollment
and identification capabilities.
Components
Steps:
Image Acquisition
Image Processing
Distinctive Characteristics Extraction
Template Creation
Template Matching
Normalization/Preprocessing of Image
Normalization: Once the face has been detected
(separated from its background), the face needs to
be normalized. This means that the image must be
standardized in terms of size, pose, illumination,
etc., relative to the images in the gallery or reference
database. To normalize a probe image, the key
facial landmarks must be located accurately. Using
these landmarks, the normalization algorithm can (to
some degree) reorient the image for slight
variations. Such corrections are, however, based on
statistical inferences or approximations which may
not be entirely accurate.
Competing Facial-Scan
Technologies
Eigenface
Feature Analysis
Neural Network
Automatic Face Processing
Eigenfaces
Eigenface...
Eigenfaces...
Eigenface...
Feature Analysis
Feature Analysis
The most widely utilized facial recognition
technology.
This technology is related to Eigenface, but
is more capable of accommodating
changes in appearance or facial aspect
(smiling versus frowning, for example).
Visionics, a prominent facial recognition
company, uses Local Feature Analysis
(LFA), which can be summarized as a
reduction of facial features to an
irreducible set of building elements.
Feature Analysis...
Feature Analysis...
Neural Network
Neural network systems employ algorithms
to determine the similarity of the unique
global features of live versus enrolled or
reference faces, using as much of the facial
image as possible.
Neural systems are designed to learn which
features are most effective within the body
of users that the system is intended to
serve.
Neural Network...
Neural Network...
Facial-Scan Deployments
Facial-Scan Weaknesses
Weaknesses...
References