Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
INTERACTION
LANGUAGE AS COGNITION
In Chomskys Transformational-Generative
Grammar the aim of Linguistics is not
simply to focus on how language is
structured. In fact, he is principally
interested in understanding more about
language in order to understand more
about the processes of the human mind.
LANGUAGE AS
COMMUNICATION
In Hallidays Systemic Functional Grammar
the purpose of Linguistics is concerned
with the study of language as social
semiotic, that is to say, as a system of
signs that have been developed to
serve the communicative needs of
people living in a social context.
PERSPECTIVES ON
COMPETENCE
Chomsky states that Linguistics should regard
exclusively an abstract knowledge of language,
which he defines as competence. Then he
dissociates competence from the actual use of
language, or performance. Contrary to this view,
Dell Hymes argues that language is not simply
an abstract, idealized knowledge of rules, but it
is also the use of these rules to achieve
communication (communicative competence).
THE EXPERIENTIALIST
PERSPECTIVE
A more recent Cognitive- Functional approach to
grammar, informed by the Experientialist view in
Cognitive Linguistics succeeded in bringing
together these two theories under a common
rationale. To Cognitive- functional linguists,
language is systematically grounded in human
cognition since it is a conceptual system that
emerges from peoples everyday experience of
their own physical and sociocultural
environments
LANGUAGE IN SOCIOCULTURAL
CONTEXTS
Now we shall start by examining language
variation and how it is conventionally classified
into varieties, dialects and accents.
Varieties are general variations occurring
within the code of the same language (British
English, American English)
Dialects are local, regional varieties that differ
from the standard language code in relation to
morphology, lexicon, syntax, and phonology.