Java Server Pages

JavaServer Pages
In this lesson you will be learning about:

What JSP Technology is and how you can use it.
How to define and write JSP Page.
Syntax of JSP Page.
How do JSP pages work.
How is a JSP page invoked and compiled.
Use of Beans in a JSP Page.
How one could create XML pages using JSP technology.
JavaServer Pages v1.2
Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.
JavaServer Pages Technology

JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology provides a simplified,
fast way to create web pages that display dynamicallygenerated content.
The JSP 1.2specification is an important part of the Java
2 Platform, Enterprise Edition. Using JSP and Enterprise
JavaBeans technologies together is a great way to
implement distributed enterprise applications with webbased front ends.
The first place to check for information on JSP
technology is http://java.sun.com/products/jsp/
JSP Page
A JSP page is a page created by the web developer that includes JSP
technology-specific tags, declarations, and possibly scriptlets, in
combination with other static HTML or XML tags.
A JSP page has the extension .jsp; this signals to the web server that
the JSP engine will process elements on this page.
Pages built using JSP technology are typically implemented using a
translation phase that is performed once, the first time the page is
called. The page is compiled into a Java Servlet class and remains in
server memory, so subsequent calls to the page have very fast
response times.
Put .jsp pages into a WAR file (see Web ARchive)
Deploy (upload) the WAR file as a Web Application to your Sun
Java System Application Server Platform.
Overview
JavaServer Pages (JSP) lets you separate the dynamic
part of your pages from the static HTML.
HTML tags and text
<% some JSP code here %>
HTML tags and text
<I>
<%= request.getParameter("title") %>
</I>
You normally give your file a .jsp extension, and typically
install it in any place you could place a normal Web page
Client and Server with JSP
Translation Time
A JSP application is usually a collection of JSP files,
HTML files, graphics and other resources.
A JSP page is compiled when your user loads it into a
Web browser
1.
When the user loads the page for the first time, the files that make up
the application are all translated together, without any dynamic data,
into one Java source file (a .java file)
2.
The .java file is compiled to a .class file. In most implementations,

the .java file is a Java servlet that complies with the Java Servlet API.
Simple JSP Page

<%@ page info= %>
<HTML>A Simple JSP Sample

<H1> First JSP Page </H1>
<BODY>
<% out.println(Welcome to JSP world); %>
</BODY>
</HTML>
How JSP Works?

User
UserRequest
RequestJSP
JSPFile
FileRequested
Requested
Server
Server
Create
CreateSource
Sourcefrom
fromJSP
JSP
.java
.javaCompile
Compileservlet
servlet
File
File
Changed
Changed
Execute
ExecuteServlet
Servlet
JSP Elements
Declarations
<%! code %>

<jsp:declaration>
</jsp:declaration >
Expressions
<%= expression %>

<jsp:expression>
</jsp:expression>
Scriplets
<% code %>

<jsp:scriplet>
</jsp:scriplet >
HTML Comment
Generates a comment that is sent to the client.
Syntax

Example:

10
Declaration
Declares a variable or method valid in the scripting language used in
the JSP page.
Syntax
<%! declaration; [ declaration; ]+
... %>
Examples
<%! String destin; %>
<%! Public String getDestination()
{return destin;}%>
<%! Circle a = new Circle(2.0); %>
You can declare any number of variables or methods within one declaration
element, as long as you end each declaration with a semicolon.
The declaration must be valid in the Java programming language.
11
Declaration Example
<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE>JSP Declarations</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY><H1>JSP Declarations</H1>
<%! private int keepCount = 0; %>
<H2>
Page accessed:
<%= ++keepCount %>
times
</H2>
</BODY>
</HTML>
12
Predefined Variable Implicit

Objects
request
Object of HttpServletRequest (request parameters, HTTP headers,
cookies
response
out -
Object of HttpServletResponse
Object of PrintWriter buffered version JspWriter
session -
Object of HttpSession associated with the request
application config -
Object of ServletContext shared by all servlets in the engine
Object of ServletConfig
pageContext page
Object of PageContext in JSP for a single point of access
variable synonym for this object

13
Expression
Contains an expression valid in the scripting language used in the JSP
page.
Syntax
<%= expression %>

<%! String name = new String(JSP World); %>
<%! public String getName() { return name; } %>
<B><%= getName() %></B>

Description:
An expression element contains a scripting language expression that is evaluated,
converted to a String, and inserted where the expression appears in the JSP file.
Because the value of an expression is converted to a String, you can use an
expression within a line of text, whether or not it is tagged with HTML, in a JSPfile.
Expressions are evaluated from left to right.
14
Expression Example
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>JSP Expressions</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H2>JSP Expressions</H2>
<UL>
<LI>Current time:
<%= new java.util.Date() %>
<LI>Your hostname:
<%= request.getRemoteHost() %>
<LI>Your session ID: <%= session.getId() %>
</UL>
</BODY>
</HTML>
15
Scriptlet
Contains a code fragment valid in the page scripting
language.
Syntax
<% code fragment %>

<%
String var1 = request.getParameter("name");
out.println(var1);
%>
This code will be placed in the generated servlet method:

_jspService()
16
Scriplet Example
<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE>Weather</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H2>Today's weather</H2>
<% if (Math.random() < 0.5) { %>
Today will be a <B>suny</B> day!
<% } else { %>
Today will be a <B>windy</B> day!
<% } %>
</BODY>
</HTML>
17
JSP Lifecycle
Servlet from
JSP
Init Event
Request
Response
Destroy Event
jspInit()
jspInit()
jspService()
jspService()
jspDestroy()
jspDestroy()
18
JSP Page Directive

Directives are messages to the JSP container and do not produce output
into the current output stream
Syntax:
<%@ directive attribute=value %>
<%@ directive attribute1=value1
attribute1 =value2 %>
There are three types of directives:
1. page
2. include
3. taglib
XML form:
<jsp:directive.directiveType attribute=value />
19
Page Directive
Defines attributes that apply to an entire JSP page.
<%@ page
[ language="java" ]
[ extends="package.class" ]
[ import="{package.class | package.*}, ..." ]
[ session="true|false" ]
[ buffer="none|8kb|sizekb" ]
[ autoFlush="true|false" ]
[ isThreadSafe="true|false" ]
[ info="text" ]
[ errorPage="relativeURL" ]
[ contentType="mimeType [ ;charset=characterSet
]"
[ isErrorPage="true|false" ] - try diff
example google it
%>
20
Include Directive
Includes a static file in a JSP file, parsing the file's JSP elements.
Syntax
<%@ include file="relativeURL" %>

The <%@ include %> directive inserts a file of text or code in a JSP file
at
translation time, when the JSP file is compiled.
<%@ include %> process is static. A static include means that the text of
the included file is added to the JSP file.
The included file can be:
1. JSP file, (.jsp)
2. HTML file, (.html)
3. text file. (.txt)
21
Taglib Directive
Defines a tag library and prefix for the custom
tags used in the JSP page.
Syntax
<%@ taglib uri="URIToTagLibrary"
%>
prefix="tagPrefix"
<%@ taglib uri="http://thathost/tags" prefix="public"

%>
<public:loop>
</public:loop>
Try one example Google it
The <%@ taglib %> directive declares that the JSP file uses custom tags,
names the tag library that defines them, and specifies their tag prefix.
22
Server Redirection
One can forward to a text file (HTML), a CGI script, a servlet or another
JSP page.
One can only forward to a new page, provided no output of the original
page has been sent to the browser.
One may pass as many parameters as one needs with this method by
using the param tag.
The forward action ends execution of the current JSP page and removes
any existing buffered output. The new page has access to application,
request, and session objects as the starting file. A new pageContext
object is generated for the page. To the browser, it will appear you have
the originally requested page, not the page to which you are transferred .
Example:
<jsp:forward page="home/Default.jsp" >
<jsp:param name="source" value="entry"/>
</jsp:forward>
23
<jsp:forward>
Forwards a client request to an HTML
file, JSP file, or servlet for processing.
Syntax
<jsp:forward page="{relativeURL | <%= expression
%>}" />
<jsp:forward page="{relativeURL | <%= expression
%>}" >
<jsp:param name="parameterName"
value="{parameterValue | <%= expression
%>}" />+
</jsp:forward> try one example
24
<jsp:useBean>
Locates or instantiates a bean with a specific
name and scope.
<jsp:useBean
id="beanInstanceName"
scope="page|request|session|application"
{
class="package.class" |
type="package.class" |
class="package.class" type="package.class" |
beanName="{package.class | <%= expression %>}
}
{
/> |
> other elements
</jsp:useBean>
}
25
Attributes and Usage

id="beanInstanceName"
A variable that identifies the bean in the scope you specify. The name is case sensitive and must
conform to the naming conventions of the scripting language used in the JSP page
scope="page|request|session|application
<jsp:useBean id="user" scope="session"
class="allpackage.UserMaster" />
page One can use the bean within the JSP page with the <jsp:useBean> element or any of
the page's static include files, until the page sends a response back to the client or forwards a
request to another resource
request
One can use the bean from any JSP page processing the same request, until a JSP
page sends a response to the client or forwards the request to another resource. One can use the
request object to access the bean, for example,
request.getAttribute(beanInstanceName).
session
One can use the bean from any JSP page in the same session as the JSP page that
created the bean. The bean exists across the entire session, and any page that participates in the
session can use it. The page in which you create the bean must have a page directive with
session="true".
application
One can use the bean from any JSP page in the same application as the JSP
page that created the bean. The bean exists across an entire JSP application, and any page in
the application can use the
26
Different Scope
Most visible
Application
Application
Objects accessible from pages

Belong to the same application.
Session
Session

Belonging to the same session.
Request
Request

processing the request.
Page
Page
Objects accessible only within pages

where they were created.
Least visible
27
<jsp:setProperty>
Sets a property value or values in a bean.
Syntax
<jsp:setProperty
name="beanInstanceName"
{ property="*" |
property="propertyName" [ param="parameterName" ] |
property="propertyName" value="{string | <%= expression %>}"
}
/>
Examples
<jsp:setProperty name="mybean" property="*" />
<jsp:setProperty name="mybean" property="username" />
<jsp:setProperty name="mybean" property="username" value="Steve" />
The <jsp:setProperty> element sets the value of one or more properties in a bean,
using the bean's setter methods. You must declare the bean with<jsp:useBean>
before
you set a property value with <jsp:setProperty>.
28
<jsp:getProperty>
Gets the value of a bean property so that you can
display it in a result page.
Syntax
<jsp:getProperty name="beanInstanceName
property="propertyName" />
Example:
<jsp:useBean id="calendar" scope="page" class="employee.Calendar" />
<h2>
Calendar of <jsp:getProperty name="calendar" property="username" />
</h2>
The <jsp:getProperty> element gets a bean property value using the

property's getter methods and displays the property value in a JSP page.
You must create or locate a bean with <jsp:useBean> before you use
<jsp:getProperty>.
29
Jsp with Beans

public class MessageBean {
private String message = "No Message";
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
}
30
JavaBeans with JSP Page

<jsp:useBean id="firstBean" scope="session"
class="packBeans.MessageBean"/>
<jsp:setProperty name="firstBean"
property="message"
value="This is a message from a bean" />
<H1>Message:
<I><font color="#0000FF" size=+3>
<jsp:getProperty name="firstBean" property="message" />
</I></font>
</H1>
31
Handling Forms with JSP

package packBeans;
public class NameBean {
private String name;
public NameBean() {
name = null;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String aName) {
name = aName;
}
}
32
JSP Form
<jsp:useBean id='nb' scope='session' class=packBeans.NameBean'/>
<jsp:setProperty name='nb' property="*"/>
<HTML>
<BODY>
<H1>Please enter your name to be registered to JSP Course?</H1>
<FORM method="get">
<INPUT type="text" name="name" size="25">
<INPUT type="submit" value="Submit">
</FORM>
<%
if ( request.getParameter("name") != null ) } %>
<%=
"Click<a href=GetName.jsp> here</a> to confirm your registration"
%>
<% } %>
</BODY>
</HTML>
33
JSP Results
<jsp:useBean id='nb'
scope="sessionclass=packBeans.NameBean"/>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Registered Name</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<jsp:getProperty name="nb" property="name"/>
</BODY>
</HTML>
34
JSP and JavaBeans
35
Conclusion
JavaServer Pages (JSP) lets you separate the dynamic
part of your pages from the static HTML.
1. One can simply write the regular HTML in the normal
manner, using whatever Web-page-building tools you
normally use.
2. One can enclose then the code for the dynamic parts in
special tags, most of which
start with
"<%"
and end with "%>"
36

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JavaServer Pages

In this lesson you will be learning about:

JavaServer Pages Technology

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

Client and Server with JSP

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

The .java file is compiled to a .class file. In most implementations,

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

Simple JSP Page

<HTML>A Simple JSP Sample

How JSP Works?

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

<%! code %>

<%= expression %>

<% code %>

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

comment [ <%= expression %> ] -->

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

<%! declaration; [ declaration; ]+

Predefined Variable Implicit

Object of HttpServletRequest (request parameters, HTTP headers,

Object of PrintWriter buffered version JspWriter

Object of HttpSession associated with the request

Object of ServletContext shared by all servlets in the engine

Object of PageContext in JSP for a single point of access

variable synonym for this object

<%= expression %>

<B><%= getName() %></B>

<% code fragment %>

This code will be placed in the generated servlet method:

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

JSP Page Directive

There are three types of directives:

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

<%@ include file="relativeURL" %>

<%@ taglib uri="http://thathost/tags" prefix="public"

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

Attributes and Usage

Objects accessible from pages

Objects accessible from pages

Objects accessible from pages

Objects accessible only within pages

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

The <jsp:getProperty> element gets a bean property value using the

Jsp with Beans

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

JavaBeans with JSP Page

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

Handling Forms with JSP

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

JSP and JavaBeans

Copyright @ 2000 Jordan Anastasiade. All rights reserved.

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