Management Tools in Public Health PHCM 16

PUBLIC HEALTH
MANAGEMENT TOOLS
Aurora C. Rosario-Espinoza, MD DFM FPAFP
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT

TOOLS
PLANNING
Planning for Health Improvement
Models for Communities and Institution
ORGANIZATION
Public Health Leadership Development
Policy Development
EVALUATION
QualityAssurance and Quality Improvement
Public Health Management Tools Evaluation
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
PLANNING
EVALUATION
IMPLEMENTATION

LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
PLANNING
1920 - better planning started
TheAmerican Public HealthAssociations Committees on

Administrative Practice and Evaluation
With the development and increasing sophistication of
professional public health training
Increase in number of health officers
Gradually started from the interested groups, followe

by the staf and community members who started to
oin
1950s and 1960s numerous excellent seminars were
done joint by the Committee on Executive Developme
of theAssociation Management of Public Health and
Health Officers Section ofAmerican Public Health
Association as well as Center for Disease Control of th
Public Health Service
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
PLANNING
2 Events that provide interest and activit
1965-Planning-Program-Budgeting Syst
development and refinement of of
planning technique done by Department
Defense.And the President direct the his
cabinet members to apply the approach t
various activities
1966-Enactment by the congress that th
Comprehensive Health Planning and Pub
Health ServicesAmendments.
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
PLANNING
Significance:
It tends to move Federal HealthAssistance attend

from Categorical grants toward block grants to mak
possible greater state and local program
determination.
It encourages and requires more deliberate and
hopefully more efficient program planning.
It recognizes the breath of social concerns and

potential involvement by requiring the establishme
of state and local or regional (area-wide) planning
commission consisting of broad spectrum of
professions, agencies, institution and citizen group
PLANNING
Afuture-oriented systematic process of determin

direction, setting goals and taking action to reach
such goals
To create basic changes in management and func
Is an action process and is basic to development a

maintenance of quality community health service
It should be communitywide in area, continuous
nature, comprehensive in scope, all-inclusive in
design, coordinative in function and adequately
stafed.
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
PLANNING
Fundamentals of effective
action planning:
Responsible participant
Coordination of efort
Development of cooperative
working arrangements.
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Objective of Health Planning
Improve organizational pattern for health service
Speed development of needed new development

services strengthen existing services and improv
utilization
Discourage programs not needed in the commun

Improve quality of health care through better
coordination
Eliminate duplication of health services among
official and voluntary agencies at all levels
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Reduced fragmentation of health services at the st

and community level
Help to achieve better geographical distribution wi

optimum utilization
Established priorities among new health program a

services, develop a better balance among health
programs, provide services more responsive to the
special needs of the area
Foster better use of scarce health manpower and m
efective development of training resources
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
dentify health needs and problems and help to

et realistic goals, keeping expected changes in
areas characteristics in mind.
Spur faster application of new health knowled
Encourage closer relationship among health
services, research, and training.
Help to integrate health needs into physical,
economic, and other areas of planning for
community development.
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Planning for Health Improvemen

Needs :
Common vision and language
Model first steps to do in planning
Provide common framework
Training to improve communication
Other needs:
Leadership
Hard work
Resources
Luck
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Consideration for choosing mod

Sponsorship
Stakeholders and politics
Scope and limits of planning
The importance of models.

LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Sponsorship
Sponsors give legitimacy to the process. They

maybe some organization, group, legislative
edict, or individual
At institutional level
Board of trustees,
Chief executive
Medical staf chair
Program coordinator
Department supervisor
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Sponsorship
In the community
Civic club
Heart association
Church group
Vocal community activist
In the governmental agency
Law regulation
Mayor
Local health officer
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Identify
This arestakeholders
the individualsand
andpolitics
organization that have or may have a

future interest in what your planning
initiative is about.
Improve health status of the
community, improving ones econom
and power position will explain to
stakeholders interest.
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Identify the interaction of its
subsystem
Extent of planning to adjoining th

subsystem
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Direction
Planning
Control
Basic function of managers

LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
PLANNING
Among the problem according to Rosema

Review:
Pattern of conflict-avoidance in policy

formulation and goals establishment
Afailure to deal with root causes of health
problems
Alack of political influence, leadership or
expertise, coupled with some state with nave
supportive clientele inside and outside of the
healthinadequate
field.
Grossly
funding to provide plans fo
comprehensive health care delivery in the light

anticipated national health insurance
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

The importance of models.
Serve as guidebook constructed b

others who made such activity
Serves as paradigm that serves as
template that include a set of
assumptions, concepts, values and
practices.
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Approaches to Planning
MONEY includes:
PMP
Acquisition
Management
accountability
PLAN includes:
Programming
Control
Evaluation
PEOPLE includes:
Recruitment
Training
Organization
Models Vs. Tools

Tool is necessary to carry-out ones profession or
occupation
Tool is something use in the performance of an
operation, such as an instrument.
Common
planning tools:
Surveys
Calculating ratio/risk ratio
Archival research
Process mapping
Group management tools
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Choosing a Model
It is the most important activity in the early
phase of planning activity
It should be specific health problem or issue u

textbook or journals via Medline or postings in
the internet
Government agencies provide assistance for
manuals to aid local agencies that are doing
planning.
Web search
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Choosing a Model
There is no one-size-fits-all model nor i

there an evidence base that would sugge
that one model is better than another
Aside by side comparisons of model reveal
an spectrum of choices from simple to thos
that provide guidance for dealing with issu
at the individual, organizational, and
community levels
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Models
PPBS Planning Program Budgeting System
Use to have a better allocation of budget.

The process involves
Appraisal and comparison of various health activities in
contribution to the objectives
Determine the expenditures of a given project
Providing proper prospective by projection of health activities
Consider the relative contribution of the private as well as the
public
Revisions of objectives program and budgets in light of experi
and changing circumstances
Demonstrate results for efort expended
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Models
PERT Program and Evaluation and Review
Technique
Awork breakdown structure, beginning with a final

objective subdivided with a series of sub-objective
Anetwork including all activities and events necessary t
reach such sub-objective
Identification of time estimated for various activities as
as total process, including a critical path.
Amethod of network analysis that provides continuous
evaluation of programs status and identification of prob
areas so the preventive action can be taken
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Models
ASTRAAutomatic Scheduling
with Time Integrated Resource
allocation

LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Comprehensive Health Care

Models
Robust and useful in multiple situations
Most are developed based on developers

users experiences in multiple setting.
Comprehensive models explicitly or

implicitly assume that there is a powerful
and well funded sponsors, often located i
agency or organization
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Models
PRECEDE-PROCEDE
MATCH
MAPP
Toolbox
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Comprehensive Health
Care
Models
PRECEDE-PROCEDE most widely recognized model
Develop by Green and colleagues
PRECEDE compose of 5 phases
Social
Epidemiological
Behavior and environmental
Educational and ecological
Administrative assessment
PROCEDE compose of
Implementation
Process
Impact
Outcome
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Models
MATCH MultilevelApproach to
Community Health
Was develop by CDC

Five phases
Health goal selection
Intervention planning
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Models
MAPP Mobilizing forAction through
Planning and Partnership
Developed by NationalAssociation of County

and City Health Officials (NACCHO) with CDC
and Health Resources and Service
Administration (HRSA) funding
Emphasize the role of public health agencies
building community participation to planning
and implementing efective sustainable solut
to complex problems
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Models
MAPP
Steps:
Organizing for action
Developing objectives and Establishin

accountability
Developing actions plans for opportun

for coordination
Reviewing actions plans for opportun

Models
MAPP
teps:
Implementing and monitoring of action pla

Preparing for evaluation activities
Focusing the evaluation
Gathering credible evidence and justifying

conclusions
Sharing lessons learned and celebrating

success
Other Health Care Models

SOCIALMARKETING
STRATEGIC PLANNING
STRATEGIC PLANNING PROGRAM
PLANNING:ACTION PLANNINGAND
PROBLEM SOLVING
INFORMATIONASABASIS FOR BETTER
COMMUNITY HEALTH
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
SOCIALMARKETING
Anumber of health improvement planning and
action models have roots in the communication a
social marketing discipline.
Emphasizes the understanding of the audience a
importance of crafting specific messages to vario
market segments within the community.
Acomprehensive health communication model
popularized by the CDC known as CDCynergy o
Cynergy
Emphasis is on understanding communication audiences

segmentation technique, targeted communication strate
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
STRATEGIC PLANNING
It implies that the significance of planning
process.
It is usually done by the higher-level
decision-makers within the organization.
Strategic means long term or long range

thus directive an organization
Strategic planning is a periodic, informati

driven, proactive,, and systematic process
that sets the overall business strategy of t
organization for the year ahead
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

STRATEGIC PLANNING
It includes:
Revision for action plan
Performance information
Accountability
Periodic evaluation

LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

STRATEGIC PLANNING
Planners use this for the strength

and weakness of the organization.
S strength
W weakness
O opportunity

LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
PROGRAM PLANNING:ACTION PLANNINGAND

PROBLEM SOLVING
Program and project planning are essential plannin

types which deal with policy and program
implementation
Because of abundance of tools and techniques ther

is no need or reason to reinventAurora
the
wheel
C. Rosario-Espinoza,
MD DFM FPAFP
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
INFORMATIONASABASIS FOR BETTER

COMMUNITY HEALTH
Gathering and transforming data into information

that is useful in making decisions is at the core of an
systematic planning process.
May come from informal and formal sources
Formal vital statistics ,disease surveillance
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
What model work best?
Acritical element of comprehensive

planning and improvement is the
engagement of the community.
Following are associated with a successfu
planning models
Leadership, undertaking actions and achievin

results
Adequate technical assistance
Feedback on progress
Sustainable financial support
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Organization that plan
well at both strategic an
programmatic levels are
likely to be successful
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Effective planning is
essential to improve the
health of our community
and it is the effective
operation of program and
organizations whether they
are small or large.
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12
Devoting the necessary

time and resources for
planning is a challenge that
leaders must meet if they
are to improve the quality of
our services and the health
status of the community.
LNUDFQD PHCM2 '12

Management Tools in Public Health PHCM 16

Încărcat de

Informații document

Descriere originală:

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Management Tools in Public Health PHCM 16

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

PUBLIC HEALTH

PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT

Aurora C. Rosario-Espinoza, MD DFM FPAFP

1920 - better planning started

TheAmerican Public HealthAssociations Committees on

Gradually started from the interested groups, followe

2 Events that provide interest and activit

It tends to move Federal HealthAssistance attend

It recognizes the breath of social concerns and

Afuture-oriented systematic process of determin

To create basic changes in management and func

Is an action process and is basic to development a

Objective of Health Planning

Improve organizational pattern for health service

Speed development of needed new development

Discourage programs not needed in the commun

Objective of Health Planning

Reduced fragmentation of health services at the st

Help to achieve better geographical distribution wi

Established priorities among new health program a

Objective of Health Planning

dentify health needs and problems and help to

Planning for Health Improvemen

Consideration for choosing mod

Aurora C. Rosario-Espinoza, MD DFM FPAFP

Consideration for choosing mod

Sponsors give legitimacy to the process. They

Consideration for choosing mod

Consideration for choosing mod

organization that have or may have a

Consideration for choosing mod

Extent of planning to adjoining th

Consideration for choosing mod

Basic function of managers

Aurora C. Rosario-Espinoza, MD DFM FPAFP

Among the problem according to Rosema

Pattern of conflict-avoidance in policy

comprehensive health care delivery in the light

Consideration for choosing mod

Serve as guidebook constructed b

Models Vs. Tools

It should be specific health problem or issue u

There is no one-size-fits-all model nor i

Use to have a better allocation of budget.

Awork breakdown structure, beginning with a final

Aurora C. Rosario-Espinoza, MD DFM FPAFP

Comprehensive Health Care

Most are developed based on developers

Comprehensive models explicitly or

Comprehensive Health Care

Comprehensive Health Care

Was develop by CDC

Comprehensive Health Care

Developed by NationalAssociation of County

Comprehensive Health Care

Organizing for action

Developing objectives and Establishin

Developing actions plans for opportun

Reviewing actions plans for opportun

Comprehensive Health Care

Implementing and monitoring of action pla

Gathering credible evidence and justifying