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radiation
Clasification. Characterization
Radio waves
Radio waves have wavelengths
ranging from 100 km to 1mm. Like
other types of electromagnetic
radiation, they travel with the speed of
light
Microwaves
RADAR waves -
microwaves
Infrared light
Infrared waves are electromagnetic waves
emitted by warm bodies. They are
produced by oscillations of molecules,
atoms and ions, and the amplitude of
these oscillations depend on the
temperature of the bodies and electrons
transitions to the inner shells of the
atoms, with lower energy levels. They are
strongly absorbed by water or other
substances, thus heating them.
Infrared waves
X Rays
X-rays are ionizing electromagnetic
radiation with shorter wavelengths, varying
between 0.1 and 100 (ngstrms).
During his experiments, the German
physicist Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen
discovered that a metal body emits highly
penetrant radiation when bombarded with
fast electrons. He named this radiation Xrays, which were later named Roentgen
radiation.
Gamma radiation
Gamma radiations are electromagnetic
waves of very high frequencies produced by
the interaction of subatomic particles. They
are emitted in nuclear decay processes and
nuclear reactions in stars(these are
absorbed by the atmosphere). Also, they
are produced in land-based nuclear
reactors. These radiations are the most
penetrating, having the highest frequencies
and energies. They are used in flaw
detection, sterilization and medicine.