Industrial relations:

Collective bargaining
Role of management, union, and
government
Machinery for industrial dispute
Grievance
Labour legislation

Trade union
A combination of workers
Permanent or temporary
May include federation of 2 or more
unions
Promote and protect interest through
collective action
In our country are governed by TU Act,
1926.

Industrial dispute:
ID Act, 1947
Dispute or differences between employers
and employee
Dispute settlement mechanism

Collective bargaining:
Representative of employer and employee meet
to determine industrial policies or solve industrial
dispute.
Process:
Preparation
Identify bargaining issues
Negotiation
Reach and ratify agreement
Implementation

Grievance:
employees
dissatisfaction
relating to his/her employment relationship
Terms and condition of employment
Grievance procedure
Arbitration:
Neutral third party
Make recommendation binding on the
parties

Conciliation:
ID Act provides for appointment of
conciliators
Conciliation officer hold proceedings,
investigates, send report to government
Conciliator has no power to force
settlement
Adjudication:
Mandatory settlement
Tribunal

Grievances:

Discontent or dissatisfaction feeling

Perceived injustice or unfair treatment
Cause may be real or imaginary
Legitimate or irrational
Expressed in written or verbal form
Must arise out of job related issues

Sources of grievance

Contract terms
Work condition
Supervision
Employee efficiency

Techniques of grievance
identification

Exit interview
Opinion survey
Gripe box system
Open door policy
Observation

Strikes & lockouts

Combined withdrawal of services by
workers
For temporary period
Types of strikes
- Authorised & unauthorized
- General strike (bandh)/ particular strike
- Slow down strike
- Sit down strike

Machinery for settlement of dispute

in India
Statutory Machinery
- Work committee
- Permanent conciliation services
- Board of conciliation
- Court of inquiry
- Adjudication authorities
- National tribunals

International Labour Organisation

(ILO)
Established in 1919
It establishes uniform labour stds despite
diverse condition & uneven economic
development of the world
India founder & permanent member

Organisation structure:
International labour conference
Governing body
International labour office
Fundamental principles:
- Labour is not a commodity
- Freedom of expression
- Poverty as danger to prosperity
- Promotion of common welfare

Major activities of ILO:

HR development
Improve condition of work & life
Creation of international stds
Research & studies
Employment promotion
Collection & distribution of information
Training
Development of social institutions

Legislation

Labour legislation
Factory Act
Wage legislation
Trade Union legislation
Industrial Dispute legislation

Factories act 1948

A comprehensive bill was prepared by the
government of India after considering the
Factories Act 1937 of Great Britain
The bill was passed on 28th Aug,1948
The Act came into force on 1st April 1949

 Objective of the Act

The Act has been enacted primarily with the
object of protecting workers employed in factories
against industrial and occupational hazards
It seeks to impose upon the owner or the
occupier certain obligations to protect the workers
and to secure for them employment in conditions
conductive to their health and safety.
Applicability of the Act
The act applies to all factories
It is a central legislation

Provisions for:
Health
Safety
Welfare

 Cleanliness
Disposal of waste
Ventilation &
temperature
Dust & fumes
Over crowding
Lighting
Drinking water
urinals
Fencing & machinery
Precaution in case of
fire

Protection of eyes
Safety of building &
machine
Safety officers
Washing facilities
Sitting facilities
Canteens & lunch
room
Welfare officers

Important Definitions

Factory
Manufacturing process
Child
Adolescent
Young person
Adult
Worker

TU Legislation
Trade Union Act 1926
Definition
Appointment of Registrar, additional &
deputy registrar
Registration
- 7 or more members
- At least 10 % or 100 of workmen must be
members of such a union

Industrial Dispute Act, 1947

Definition of ID
Strike
Lockout
Lay-off
Retrenchment
Settlement
Public utility of service
Industry