Internal

Combustion
Engine

Two Types of Heat Engines

External

Combustion

Steam Engine

Stirling Engine

Turbines

Internal

Combustion

Otto Engine

Diesel Engine

Vankel Cycle

What is internal combustion

Engine?
An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a

heat
engine where the combustion of a fuel occurs
with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion
chamber that is an integral part of the working
fluid flow circuit.

The

internal combustion engine is an engine in

which the combustion of fuel-oxidizer mixture
occurs in a confined space.

Main parts of an internal

combustion engine

Classification of Internal combustion

engine

Internal combustion engine can be classified into several possible ways. It can be
classified as reciprocating and rotary.

Reciprocating

By number of strokes

By mechanical/thermodynamical cycle
- Atkinson Cycle
- Miller Cycle

By type of ignition

- Compression-ignition Engine or Diesel Engine

- Spark-ignition Engine or Gasoline Engine

Rotary
- Wankel Engine

Two-Stroke
Four-Stroke
Six-Stroke

Engine
Engine

Engine

Two-stroke engine
A two-stroke, or two-cycle, engine is a type of internal combustion engine
which completes a power cycle with two strokes (up and down movements) of the
piston during only one crankshaft revolution.
Advantages
- lack of valves, which simplifies construction and lowers weight
- fire once every revolution, which gives a significant power boost
- can work in any orientation
- good power to weight ratio
Disadvantages
- lack of a dedicated lubrication system makes the engine to wear faster
- necessity of oil addition into the fuel
- low efficiency
- produce a lot of pollution

How two-stroke engine works?

Intake

Crankcase compression

Power

Transfer/Exhaust

Compression

Four-stroke engine
A four-stroke engine (also known as four cycle) is an internal combustion (IC)
engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes while turning a
crankshaft.

Advantages
- dedicated lubrication system makes to engine more wear resistant
- better efficiency than two-stroke engine
- no oil in the fuel less pollution

Disadvantages
- complicated constriction
- should work in horizontal position due to lubrication

How four-stroke engine works?

Intake

Compression

Power

Exhaust

Six-stroke engine
The

six-stroke engine is a type of internal

combustion engine based on the four-stroke
engine, but with additional complexity intended
to make it more efficient and reduce emissions.

The

pistons in this type of six-stroke engine go up

and down three times for each injection of fuel.
There are two power strokes: one with fuel, the
other with steam or air.

Wankel engine

The Wankel rotary engine is a fascinating beast that features a very clever
rearrangement of the four elements of the Otto cycle. It was developed by
Felix Wankel in the 1950s. In the Wankel, a triangular rotor incorporating a
central ring gear is driven around a fixed pinion within an oblong chamber.

Intake

Compression

Power

Exhaust