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MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
PROJECT PRESENTATION
REFRIGERATION USING WASTE
HEAT
IN CARS
KAVINESH.E
DHAMOTHARAN.D
MANOBALAN.A
JOSAN PRAJAI PAUL.P
GUIDE: NALLASAMY.P
( LECTURER PSG COLL OF TECH,CBE)
ABSTRACT
Quite often, peoples own desire for comfort
increases the burden on environment, the use
of private cars and air conditioning units in
them are an example of this. These add
comfort to the people, increasing the burden
on environment. In this project we have tried
to give positive life cycle environmental
impact by reducing the emission of exhaust
gas. This reduction is achieved using vapor
absorption cycle instead of vapor
compression cycle and refrigerant motors
instead of electric motors that is normally
being used.
At present vapor
compression system is
widely being used in
LITERATURE
SURVEY:
automobiles for
refrigeration purpose.
The major disadvantages
of this system are
Compressor runs by the
power from engine
crankshaft, thus reducing
the efficiency of the
engine
Use of refrigerant
increases the cost and
has
environmental
impact
Use of electric motors
for fans and pumps
LITHIUM
BROMIDE:
WORKING
IN ABSORBER AND GENERATOR
The evaporator and absorber are interconnected. So the refrigerant vapor
formed in the evaporator is absorbed by
the absorbent in the absorber thereby
maintaining the refrigerant vapor
pressure in the evaporator at the low
level required for continuous vaporization
of liquid refrigerator to obtain
refrigeration. To recover the refrigerant
from the absorbent it is pumped from the
absorber to the generator, where it is
heated using steam or hot water.
In condenser, evaporator
On getting heated the absorbent releases
the refrigerant vapor as a high
temperature/pressure vapor. It passes to the
comparatively cooler condenser where it is
condensed. The liquid refrigerant then
passes on to the evaporator thus completing
the refrigerant cycle. The absorbent flows
back from the generator to the absorber
Here the condenser is replaced by the
radiator of the vehicle . When the air cooler
is not switched on the hot coolant water
flows into it,when the AC is switched on it
acts as a condensor for the unit
SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION
OF THE ABSORPTION CYCLE
OPERATING CONDITIONS:
DRIVING MOTORS
Frequently, refrigerant
turbines
are
not
considered because their
high work to volume ratio
but it can be used to
increase the efficiency.
The
heating
chamber
takes the heat from the
exhaust gas, making the
refrigerant to do useful
work. After expansion the
refrigerant is condensed
to liquid state so that on
repeating the cycle the
heat transfer would be
ADVANTAGES OF REFRIGERANT
MOTORS:
may be loaded until full standstill
overload safe
torque increase at mounting load
low installation cost
maintenance friendly
high power density
can be sterilized
LIMITATIONS OF ABSORPTION
CYCLE
low COP
high heat rejection factor, so requirement of
higher cooling tower and pump capacities
corrosive nature of lithium bromide corrodes
the heat exchanger
FUTURE SCOPE:
Condensed liquid refrigerant from the
condenser can be used for refrigeration by
passing the same through capillary tube and
then to evaporator
All the accessories of a vehicle can be made
to run with the power obtained from
refrigerant turbine, so as to reduce the energy
loss of 2.2%
REFERENCES
Basic Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
- P N Ananthanarayanan
www.Wikipedia.org
www.howstuffworks.com