ChemicalReactionEngineering

AsynchronousVideoSeries
Chapter2:
ConversionandReactorsinSeries

H.ScottFogler,Ph.D.

ReactorMoleBalanceSummary

Conversion

Conversion

X=

molesreacted
molesfed

Conversion

X=

molesreacted
molesfed

BatchReactorConversion

Forexample,letsexamineabatchreactorwiththefollowingdesignequation:
dN A
= rA V
dt

BatchReactorConversion

Forexample,letsexamineabatchreactorwiththefollowingdesignequation:
dN A
= rA V
dt

Considerthereaction:

molesremaining = molesfed molesfed

molesreacted
molesfed

BatchReactorConversion

Forexample,letsexamineabatchreactorwiththefollowingdesignequation:
dN A
= rA V
dt

Considerthereaction:

molesremaining = molesfed molesfed

molesreacted
molesfed

BatchReactorConversion

Forexample,letsexamineabatchreactorwiththefollowingdesignequation:
dN A
= rA V
dt

Considerthereaction:

molesremaining = molesfed molesfed

DifferentialForm:
IntegralForm:

molesreacted
molesfed

CSTRConversion

AlgebraicForm:

ThereisnodifferentialorintegralformforaCSTR.

PFRConversion
PFR

dF A
= rA
dV
FA = F A0 (1 X )

PFRConversion
PFR

dF A
= rA
dV
FA = F A0 (1 X )

PFRConversion
PFR

DifferentialForm:

IntegralForm:

dF A
= rA
dV
FA = F A0 (1 X )

DesignEquations

DesignEquations

DesignEquations

DesignEquations

DesignEquations

Example

Example

V = F A0 0

dX
rA

0.010

Example

V = F A0 0

dX
rA

0.010

Example

V = F A0 0

dX
rA

0.010

1
rA

50
40
30
20
10
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

ReactorSizing

GivenrAasafunctionofconversion,rA=f(X),onecansizeanytypeofreactor.

ReactorSizing

GivenrAasafunctionofconversion,rA=f(X),onecansizeanytypeofreactor.

WedothisbyconstructingaLevenspielplot.

ReactorSizing

GivenrAasafunctionofconversion,rA=f(X),onecansizeanytypeofreactor.

WedothisbyconstructingaLevenspielplot.

HereweploteitherasafunctionofX.
r or r

FA 0
A

1
rA

50
40
30
20
10
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

ReactorSizing

GivenrAasafunctionofconversion,rA=f(X),onecansizeanytypeofreactor.

WedothisbyconstructingaLevenspielplot.

HereweploteitherasafunctionofX.
r or r

FA 0

1
rA

50
40
30
20
10
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

FA0
Forvs.X,thevolumeofaCSTRis:
r A
V=

F A0 ( X 0 )
rA

EXIT

XEXIT

Equivalenttoareaofrectangle
onaLevenspielPlot

ReactorSizing

GivenrAasafunctionofconversion,rA=f(X),onecansizeanytypeofreactor.

WedothisbyconstructingaLevenspielplot.

HereweploteitherasafunctionofX.
r or r

FA 0
A

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

FA0
Forvs.X,thevolumeofaCSTRis:
r A
V=

1
rA

50
40
30
20
10

F A0 ( X 0 )
rA

EXIT

FA0
Forvs.X,thevolumeofaPFRis:
r A
XF

VPFR = 0

A0

rA

dX

=areaunderthecurve

XEXIT

Equivalenttoareaofrectangle
onaLevenspielPlot

=area

NumericalEvaluationofIntegrals

TheintegraltocalculatethePFRvolumecanbeevaluatedusingSimpsons
OneThirdRule:

NumericalEvaluationofIntegrals

TheintegraltocalculatethePFRvolumecanbeevaluatedusingSimpsons
OneThirdRule(seeAppendixA.4onp.924):

ReactorsInSeries

ReactorsInSeries

ReactorsInSeries

ReactorsinSeries

AlsoconsideranumberofCSTRsinseries:

ReactorsinSeries

FinallyconsideranumberofCSTRsinseries:

WeseethatweapproachthePFRreactorvolumeforalargenumberof
CSTRsinseries:
FA 0
rA

Summary

Summary

Summary

Summary

Summary