Changes in

Matter

Big Idea 9 SC.4.P.9.1

Department of Mathematics and

Science
Office of Academics and
Transformation
Department of Mathematics and
Science

Benchmark Descriptions
SC.4.P.9.1 Identify some familiar
changes in materials that result in
other materials with different
characteristics, such as decaying
animal or plant matter, burning,
rusting, and cooking.

What is Matter?
Matter is anything that takes up space and
has weight.
Matter has three forms.
Matter can be a solid, a liquid, or a gas.
Matter can be described by its properties.
Matter is made up of tiny particles called
atoms.

What do we know about

solids, liquids, and gases?
Solids have a Liquids have Gases take
definite shape
definite
the shape
and a definite
volume but
and volume
volume.
take the
of the
shape of the
containers.
containers.

Take a piece of paper and

change it in some way.
How did you change your piece of paper it?
Folding
Bending
Tearing Cutting
Crumpling
Why are the changes that you made to the paper just
physical changes?
The paper is still paper. You can unfold it.

Physical change is often due

to a change in temperature
How does heat affect physical changes?
Some types of matter change state when
enough heat is added to it (melting)
or taken away from it (freezing).
What are some examples of each?

Water freezes at 0 Celsius or 32 Fahrenheit

More on Physical Changes

What is happening to the ice cubes?
Theyre melting.
If you add enough heat energy to ice, it turns into liquid
water, then it turns into a gas called water vapor.
If you cool the substance, by taking away heat energy,
you can reverse these changes.
You can change a gas into a liquid and
a liquid into a solid.
What type of change is this?

Changing from one state to another state is an example

of a physical change.

What is a Physical Change?

Crushing
Folding
Bending
Tearing
Cutting
Crumbling
Sanding
Smashing
Peeling

Melting *
Freezing *

*Changing from one

state of matter to
another.

What are some

physical properties of matter?

Color
Texture
Odor
Size
Volume
Mass

Solid, Liquid, or
Gas
Magnetic
Floats or sinks
Boiling point
Melting point

What are Physical Changes of

Matter?
A physical change is a change in the
physical properties of matter. The matter
changed in how it looks, but what it is
made out of does not change.
A change that takes place when a
substance changes in size, shape or form.
The particles of matter do not change.

What are
Chemical Changes?

Department of Mathematics and

Science

Chemical Changes
Chemical changes produce new substances
that have different properties than the original
substances.
What are some examples of chemical changes?
Burning
Rusting
Cooking and baking

More on Chemical Changes

Fresh Leaves

Why did the leaves

change?

Decaying Leaves

What are some examples of

chemical properties?

Corrosion of metalwhen iron combines with oxygen in the

air, rust forms

Gas bubbles Baking soda combines with vinegar, carbon

dioxide forms

A change in color (browning of fruit - decay) an apple is

peeled and reaction with oxygen in the air

Chemical changes change the chemical nature and

properties of substances to form new substances.

What are some examples of

evidence that a chemical
change took place?
Signs
Change in odor
Change in color
Change in taste
Change in mass
Forming bubbles (giving off a gas)
Giving off smoke
Giving off light

Hands On Activity
Big Idea 9: Changes in Matter

Change in Temperature Lab

Adapted from American Chemical Society
Inquiry in Action
Refer to Change in Temperature Lab Power Point Presentation
at Science Website Instructional Resources Grade 4 Quarter 1
http://science.dadeschools.net/elem/InstructionalResources/IR-4.html

Department of Science

Compare and Contrast

Property Changes
A physical
change
is a
Physical
change
change in the physical
properties of matter. The
matter changed in how it
looks, but what it is made
out of does not change.
A change that takes place
when a substance changes
in size, shape or form. The
particles of matter do not
change.

Chemical changes

A chemical change is a
change in the chemical
properties of matter. A
chemical change occurs
when two or more kinds of
matter combine to form a
new substance with different
properties.
A change that takes place
when a substance is
completely altered. The
particles of matter do
change.

Review
What is a chemical change?
Answer: A chemical change produces substances that
have new properties.
How is a chemical change different than a physical
change?
Answer: A physical change does not produce new
substances like a chemical change does. It only
changes physical properties.
How is heat involved in chemical changes?
Answer: Sometimes heating can cause chemical
changes. Sometimes chemical changes give off heat.
How is heat involved in physical changes?
Answer: Sometimes adding heat to matter can change
its state -when enough heat is added to it can cause
melting or if heat is taken away it can cause freezing
of the matter.

Quiz: Decide if each example is a

physical or chemical change.
Change Scenario
Water boiling into steam
An ice cream melting
A bicycle rusting in the rain
A banana turning brown
Tearing paper into pieces
A candle wick burning
Water freezing into ice
A carton of milk going sour
A loaf of bread cut into
slices
10.Burning toast in the toaster
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Physical or chemical

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8
9.
10.

Chemical Change Resources:

Free Brain POP:
Matter Changing
Property Changes
Scholastic Study Jams:
Physical & Chemical Changes of Matter
CHEM4KIDS:
Changing States of Matter
Chemical Reactions
Discovery Education Science Content:
Exploration: Chemical Changes
Reading Passage: Keep it in the Dark
Video: Chemical Changes
Video: Chemical Reactions