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TWI

CSWIP 3.1
WIS 5
WELDING INSPECTION
PRACTICAL VISUAL
INSPECTION OF PIPE
WELDS
Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

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PIPE INSPECTION.

Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

World Centre for Materials Joining

Outside Dia & thicknes

process
Welding process:

EXAMPLE PIP
Signature: I C

WELD FACE

Arc strike
Under fill

Excess weld metal height : 4mm. Weld width: 1214mm


Toe blend: Poor. Misalignment : 2mm
Spatter or scale on the pipe surface

Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

12

C
5

API 1104
B

40

60

15

Excess weld metal height : 3mm. Weld width: 1214mm


Toe blend: Poor. Misalignment: 2mm
Spatter
Lack or
of scale
side on the pipe surface
Mechanical Damage
wall fusion
30
50
10

120

Slag

15

Excess weld metal height : 4mm. Weld width: 12-14mm


Toe blend: Poor. Misalignment: 1mm
Spatter or scale on the pipe surface

2
5

Slag
inclusion

38

>1.0

Welding position: Flat /PA

Under fill

DCode/Specification used:

180

10

Undercut

Page 1 of 3

NOTES:

90

15

20

Lack of side
wall fusion

46
Name: [Block capitals]
Mr. I C Plenty

80

140

Lack of side
wall fusion

Excess weld metal height : 5mm. Weld width: 1214mm


Toe blend: Poor. Misalignment: 1mm
Linear porosity noted. Possible moulding defect

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PIPE ROOT
FACE

NOTES:

>1.0

6
60

Excess
penetration
5

Poor stop
start
5

Undercut

46

180

10

Lack of root
penetration

90

15

20

40

Burn through

140

Lack of root
fusion

Penetration height : 5mm.


Toe Blend: Poor
Misalignment : 1mm
Scale on the pipe surface

Penetration height : 3mm


Toe Blend: Acceptable
Misalignment : 2mm
Spatter on the pipe surface

38

120

120

Lack of root
fusion

Undercut <1.0
Penetration height: 2mm.
Toe Blend: Acceptable
Misalignment : 2mm
Spatter on the pipe surface

Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

Penetration height: 3mm.


Toe Blend: Acceptable
Misalignment : 1mm
Scale on the pipe surface

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REMEMBER!
TERMINOLOGY:
Use standard terms.
Do not use abbreviations.
ACCURACY:
All dimensions in millimetres.
No need to scale.
Measurements to be as accurate as
possible.
PRESENTATION:
Sketch to be as neat as possible.
The key to passing the
examination.
Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

World Centre for Materials Joining

EXAMPLE WELD INSPECTION REPORT/SENTENCE


SHEET
PRINT FULL NAME

I C Plenty
SPECIMEN NUMBER 001
EXTERNAL DEFECTS

Defects Noted

Defect Type

Accumulative
Total
1

Maximum
Allowance
2

30mm x 4mm

1.6mm

7.8.2

Reject

Poor toe blend

Smooth

7.8.2

Reject

Incomplete filling

22mm

None

7.8.2

Accept

Inadequate weld width (PIPE)

N/A

3mm

7.9.2

Accept

70mm long

None

7.8.2

Reject

Undercut

1.5mm depth

0.8mm

9.7.2 Table 4

Reject

Surface Porosity

1.5mm

2mm

9.3.9.3

Accept

Cracks/Crack-like defects

40mm

NONE

9.3.10

Reject*

22mm

25mm

9.3

Accept

Excess weld metal height


Excess weld metal appearance

Code or Specification Reference

Section/
Table No
3

Accept/Reject
4

Slag Inclusions

Lack of fusion

Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

22mm
25mm
9.3
Accept
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for Materials
Joining

Root Defects
EXTERNAL DEFECTS

Defects Noted

Code or Specification Reference

Defect Type

Accumulative
Total
2

Maximum
Allowance
3

Misalignment

2mm

3mm

Excessive Root Penetration

4mm

------------

Incomplete Root Penetration

50mm

Lack of Root Fusion

Section/
Table No
4

Accept/Reject
5

7.2

Accept

Not specified

Accept

25mm

9.3.1

Accept

20mm

25mm

9.3.4

Accept

Root Concavity

2mm depth

1mm

9.3.6

See Notes ***

Root Undercut

0.5mm

0.8mm

9.3.11

Accept

Cracks/Crack-like defects

NONE

------------

9.3.10

Accept

Slag inclusions

70mm long

None

7.8.2

Reject

Porosity

1.5mm

2mm

9.3.9.3

Reject

Laps/Laminations

NONE

------------

----------

Accept

This *pipe/plate has been examined to the requirements of code/specification API


1104.................
and is accepted/rejected accordingly.
Comments:

I C Plenty

22nd August 2003

Signature.........................................................
Date.....................................................................................
*Delete which is not applicable.
Use the other side for any comments.

Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

World Centre for Materials Joining

PRACTICAL PIPE.

QUESTIONS ?

Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

World Centre for Materials Joining

QUESTIONS ?

Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

World Centre for Materials Joining

1
2
3
4

HI-LO Single Purpose Welding Gauge

Copyright 2005, TWI Ltd

Internal
alignment

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Root gap
dimension

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