Performance

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Sepam protection relays,

headed in the right direction

Solutions

Modularity

Performance

Simplicity

Performance

Sepam range performance

Reliability & robustness

Effective protection
Suited to each application
To specifically fit all the needs,
from the simplest to the most comprehensive
Accurate measurement & detailed diagnosis
Measuring all necessary electrical values
Network, machine & switchgear diagnosis
Integral equipment control
Pre-defined & customizable control functions
Remote operation

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Performance

Sepam series 20 performance

Phase and earth fault protection

Earth fault protection with 2nd harmonic restraint
Switching between groups of settings A & B
Logic discrimination, for a quick, selective tripping of
the protection functions
RMS thermal overload protection
Compensated by ambient temperature
Switching between 2 groups of settings
according to operating conditions
Loss of mains protection by ROCOF

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Performance

Sepam series 40 performance

Current and voltage metering

Directional protection functions
Dir. earth fault, suited to all neutral earthing
systems, impedant, compensated or isolated
Dir. phase overcurrent, with voltage memory and
frequency tracking
Dir. power
CT / VT supervision
Logic equation editor,
to program specific control functions

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Performance

Sepam series 80 performance

Transformer differential protection

for two-winding transformers
for transformer-machine units
Comprehension motors and generators protection
differential protection
filed loss (underimpedance)
Pole slip
100% stator earth fault
speed monitoring

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Customized tripping curve

2 communication ports
Synchro-check
Logipam programming software

Sepam range,
reliable and dependable

Performance

Benefits from more than 20 years of experience

acquired with the Sepam range
Design based on dependability study:
FMECA: Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality
Analysis
calculation of failure rates
Quality manufacturing based on inspection
throughout all manufacturing phases
Compliant with international standards and
certifications

508

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Performance

Sepam range,
robust and compact
Case made of insulating material
light-weight
anti-corrosion
Excellent immunity to radiated fields
IP52 / NEMA12 on front panel
Class 2 mechanical robustness
(shocks, jolts, vibrations and earthquakes)
Operating temperature
from -25C to +70C

<100mm
S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Immunity to salt mist

Corrosion withstand: 2-gaz test (H2S and SO2 )

Phase protection ANSI 50/51

Earth fault protection ANSI 50N/51N

Performance

4 set points per protection

1 A

1 B

Switching between groups of settings A and B

Logic discrimination

2 B

Adjustable time reset

2 A

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

16 types of IDMT tripping curves

(IEC, IEEE and IAC curves)

Earth fault protection insensitive to transformer

energizing

Performance

Thermal overload protection for

machines - ANSI 49RMS
3 RMS phase currents
Compensated by ambient temperature
measurement
Switching between 2 groups of time constants
according to operating conditions
Cold curve adjustable to match the motor thermal
withstand (patented)
Operating assistance with predictive information:
time before overload tripping
waiting time after tripping

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Performance

Thermal overload protection for

cables - ANSI 49RMS
Sensitive overload protection of the main cables
between substations
3 RMS phase currents
Simplified settings, based on cable characteristics
Operating assistance with predictive information:
time before overload tripping
waiting time after tripping

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

10

Performance

Directional earth fault

ANSI 67N/67NC
2 set points per protection
Switching between 2 groups of settings
Logic discrimination
Protection suited all neutral earthing systems:
impedant neutral
compensated neutral
or isolated neutral
Protection of closed ring networks

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

11

Performance

Directional phase overcurrent

ANSI 67
3-phase protection, with voltage memory
and frequency tracking
2 set points per protection function
Switching between 2 groups of settings
Logic discrimination
16 types of IDMT tripping curves
Adjustable time reset
Protection of closed ring networks or networks with
parallel incomers

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

12

Directional overpower
ANSI 32P, 32Q

Performance

Directional active overpower protection (32P):

detection of motors operating as generators
detection of generators operating as motors

G
P

Q
Directional reactive overpower protection (32Q/40):
detection of synchronous machine field loss

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

13

Performance

Two-winding transformer
differential - ANSI 87T

Percentage-based differential
protection :

High set
phase 1

Phase 1

Fast and sensitive

Differential
and through
currents

2 main operating modes :

Percentage-based differential with

neural network (self-adaptative)
restraint
( if I inrush < 8 In )

I1
I2
I3

Percentage-based differential with

conventional restraint system (2
slopes : low set point / high set point)

Tripping high set point (no restraint)

Fast restraint upon loss of CT sensor
Inrush restraint

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

I 1
I 2
I 3

Magnitude and phase adjustment

of two-winding transformers
of transformer- machine units

Id
It

2nd and 5th

harmonic
ratio

Percentagebased characteristics

Id
It

H2
H5

&

Conventional
or selfadaptative
restraint

OR

I, I

Detection of CT loss

I, I

Inrush restraint

Phase2
Phase3

14

Trip

Performance

Two-winding transformer
differential - ANSI 87T

Differential protection with neural network

(self-adaptative) restraint

High set

Stable due to neural network restraint on

external fault or CT
transformer energizing (H2)
overfluxing (H5)

Slope max.
Id/It = 50%

3 settings only :
2 slopes of the percentage-based
characteristic
low set point
high set point
Simplified dimensioning of sensors:
2 sets CTs 5P20
no matching CTs required
S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Slope
settings

0,3

Restraint

Slope min.
Id/It = 15%

15

Two-winding transformer
differential - ANSI 87T

Performance
Differential protection with
conventional restraint system
Id/In1
(percentage-based
characteristics)

Id/It2 max
(100%)

Settings :
2 slopes Id/It for
percentage-based
characteristics
Low set point
High set point
Ratio of 2nd harmonic
Ratio of 5th harmonic
Current sensors :
2 sets CT 5Px or
class X
no matching CTs required

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

/It
Id

Tripping zone

High set

g
tin
t
se

Id/It2 min
(50%)
Id/It max
(50%)

1
s
Id/It

Ids setting

Ids max
(100%)

g
ettin

Id/It min
(15%)

Ids min
(30%)

It/In1

0
0

18

16

Performance

Restricted earth fault

ANSI 64REF

Low impedance protection

Fast and sensitive detection of

earth faults
Only one setting:
set point of the percentage-based
characteristic

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Set point setting

17

Performance

Machine differential - ANSI 87M

(motor and generator)

Differential protection of motors

and generators

Id1
Phase 3

Fast and sensitive

Stable due to restraint which take
into account:
machine starting
external fault or CT
saturation
transformer energizing (H2)

It1

High set point

Id1 > 5,5 In
& Id1/It1 > 1

Phase 2
Phase 1
I1
I2
I3

Percentage
differential

Differential
and through
currents

Id1
It1

M
I 1
I 2
I 3

OR

Differential
and through
currents

Trip

&

Id
It
IH2

Restraint

H2 ratio

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

18

Performance

2 characteristics:
Fixed high set point,
non restrained
for fast tripping for
violent faults
Percentage-based characteristic
with restraint
sensitive protection
effective from motor starting
Simplified dimensioning of
sensors: 2 x3 CTs 5P20
Fast restraint upon loss of sensor

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Machine differential - ANSI 87M

(motor and generator)
Id= I - I

High set point

Percentage-based characteristic
(low set point setting)

Motor starting
or external fault
=> restraint

It=(I+I)/2

19

Synchro check
ANSI 25

Performance

80

MCS
025

OK

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Check on differences in:

voltage
frequency
phase
between two different networks before allowing
coupling of the two networks
Adjustable and independent set points for each check
Adjustable lead time
Five possible operating modes if voltage is absent
Function split between
the remote MCS025 module which checks
synchronisation between the two networks
and the Sepam series 80 which controls coupling
following enabling by the MCS025 module

20

Field loss (under-impedance)

ANSI 40

Performance

Protection of large synchronous machines against

field loss

X
Xa

Zd fault

Zd OK

On networks with low short-circuit power (local

network with generator) where 32Q does not fit

R
Based on the calculation of positive sequence
impedance Zd on the machine terminals

Xb

Xc

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Setting assistance thanks to SFT2841, which

calculates the values Xa, Xb, Xc defining the circular
characteristics from the machine characteristics.

21

Pole slip - ANSI 78PS

Performance

Active
power
A2
A1

Mechanical
power

Protection against loss of synchronism on

synchronous machines
triggered y a disturbance which upsets the balance
of continuous operation
network short-circuit
high load variation
Based on calculated active power

Active power
inversions

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

2 types of operation:
according to the equal-area criterion
according to power swing (number of active
power swings), to be set as a number of
rotations

22

Performance

100% stator earth fault

ANSI 64G2/27TN
Protection of generators with earthed neutral against
phase-to-earth insulation fault in stator windings

V0

Vs0
64G1/59N OK

64G2/27TN OK

Combination of 2 protection functions:

neutral voltage displacement
third harmonic undervoltage
Third harmonic undervoltage (27TN): :
protection of 20% of the stator winding, neutral
point end
fixed set point, or adaptive set point (based on
3 phase-to-neutral voltages)

Vnt
VntH3

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

23

Speed monitoring
ANSI 12, 14

Performance

Rotation speed calculated by pulses counting

Overspeed protection:
synchronous machines racing detection
process monitoring

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Underspeed protection:
zero speed detection, data used by the
51LR/48 protection function, locked rotor
process monitoring

24

Performance

Voltage and frequency

protection functions
ANSI 27, phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase
undervoltage
ANSI 59, phase-to-neutral or phase-to-phase
overvoltage
ANSI 59N, neutral voltage displacement
ANSI 47, negative sequence overvoltage, checking
of phase rotation direction
ANSI 27R, remanent undervoltage
ANSI 27D, positive sequence undervoltage
ANSI 81L, underfrequency
ANSI 81H, overfrequency

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

25

Performance

Loss of mains protection

Rate Of Change Of Frequency
ANSI 81R

For loss of mains detection:

Fast and sensitive
with slow change of frequency
Reliable and stable
time-delayed to be insensitive to
transient network disturbances
Easy to set

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

26

Performance

Capacitor bank unbalance

protection - ANSI 51C
Protection of capacitor banks made up of one to four
steps connected in a double-star arrangement
Measurement of the unbalance current by 1 A, 2 A or
5 A CT
Capacitor internal faults are present if an unbalance
current is measured between the two neutral points of
a step

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

27

Performance

Customized tripping curve

One customized curve

common to the following
protection functions:
50/51, 50N/51N, 50V/51V
and 67
defined using SFT2841
To solve all special cases involving
protection
co-ordination or revamping

For the right

setting co-ordination
in all circumstances!

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Tripping time T
for I=10Is

Curve defined
point by point
(30 points max)

Definite time
curve beyond the
last point defined

28

Performance

Circuit breaker control

Suitable for all types of trip unit

Local or remote opening and closing
Recloser co-ordination
Trip circuit supervision and checking of discrepancy
Inhibition of closing

A complete function,
dependable and ready to use!

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

29

Performance

Recloser

4 cycles
Activation of cycles by:
phase and/or earth fault protection
instantaneous or time-delayed tripping
Co-ordination with circuit breaker control

A complete function,
dependable and ready to use!

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

30

Automatic transfer

Performance

S80

S80

ATS

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

Automatic transfer of busbar supply

from one source to another for 1/2 or 2/3
diagrams
following the loss of supply or an upstream fault
Additional functions
transfer disabled for a downstream fault
transfer inhibited by logic conditions
Predefined function, easy to set up, between two
Sepam series 80 protecting the incomers
Communication between the Sepam units by logic
inputs/outputs
The mode-selection switch is taken into account
(ANSI 10)

31

Automatic transfer
Return to normal

Performance

S80

S80

Return to normal via voluntary orders

selection of the normal operating configuration
return to normal with a break
with synchro check by remote MCS025 module
(two different supply sources)
or without synchro check
(only one supply source)
Identical procedure for voluntary transfer, for
example for maintenance operations

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

32

Performance

Automatic transfer
Examples of standard
applications

1 out of 2 AT

2 out of 3 AT

A - With check on incomer

voltages

C - With check on incomer

voltages

B - With check on incomer

voltages and on the busbar
remanent voltage

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

D - With check on busbar

voltages

E - With complete check on

busbars

33

Performance

Local control on the

mimic-based UMI

Sure and simple local control

of switchgear
Selection of the control mode:
local, remote or test using a key
switch
Status of the controlled switchgear
displayed on an animated mimic
diagram
Local switchgear control
selection and prior
confirmation of all orders
interlocks and other control
conditions managed by
Sepam

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

34

Performance

Local control on the

mimic-based UMI

Sure and simple local control

of switchgear
Operating mode
selection of the controlled device
on the mimic diagram (selection
window moved by
)
interlocks and other control
conditions managed by Sepam
selection confirmed by
device control by

= opening

= closing

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

35

Performance

Logic equation editor

To complete protection
function processing!

conditional inhibition / validation

additional interlocking
data regrouping
etc ...

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

36

Performance

Logic equation editor

To adapt pre-defined
control functions!

particular circuit breaker control

sequence
specific recloser sequence
personalized local and remote
annunciation
etc ...

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

37

Performance

Logic equation editor

To adapt Sepam functions

to suit your needs!
Included in SFT2841 software tool
Boolean operators
NOT, AND, OR, XOR,
timers, latched relays,
time programmable pulses
On logic inputs and protection data

Syntax checking

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

38

Performance

Logipam
programming software

Program specific control and

monitoring functions for
Sepam series 80
Specific automatic transfers
Motor-start sequence
Load shedding
Management of cubicle peripheral
equipment
Etc.

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

39

Performance

Logipam
programming software
Ladder-program editor

Ladder-language program offering

a series of rungs of up to 1000 lines
Program structured in sections and
subsections
Graphic programming elements
NO and NC contacts with
rising and falling-edge
detection
direct or negated coils, SET or
RESET
60 timers
24 incremental counters
4 clocks for a given week

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

40

Performance

Logipam
programming software
Addressable variables

All information used by Sepam

functions
logic input/outputs
input/outputs for protection,
control and monitoring
functions
remote controls and
indications
Logipam variables
64 configuration bits
128 bits for the control matrix
Each variable can be linked to a
name or a comment

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

41

Performance

Logipam
programming software
Simulator for debugging

Step-by-step or continuous program

execution
Colour animation
rung status
variable status
Monitored variables grouped in a
table

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

42

Performance

Logipam
programming software
Operating principle

Logipam SFT2885 programming

software
development of specific
control and monitoring
functions
program debugging
SFT2841 software
load Logipam program in the
cartridge with the Logipam
option confirmed
Logipam program settings

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

43

Performance

Metering

All the measurements are available:

RMS and residual phase currents
Peak demand and average
currents
Phase-to-neutral, phase-to-phase
and residual voltages
Active, reactive, apparent power
and power factor

E
Active+
= MW
Pmax=3,2
U21=
P=
I1=
2,1
178A
6,6
MW
kV
RMS
Io 755454
tore= 5,2A
MW.h
Qmax=1,0
MVAr
I2=
177A
RMS
Q=
900k
U32=6,6VAr
kV
E Active- =
0I3=
50
100 150%Ino
178A
RMS
S=
2,3
U13=
6,6
kV
72MVA
MW.h

Active and reactive energy

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

44

Performance

Total harmonic distortion

current (THDI)
voltage (THDU)

To assess network
power quality

Power quality
Sepam series 80
I peak
Total

I(H1)
Fundamental
(50 Hz)

Power monitoring units

Harmonic 3
Power Meters
(150 Hz)
Circuit Monitors
Harmonic 5
(250 Hz)
for accurate THD measurement and
Harmonic 7
harmonic analysis
(350 Hz)
Harmonic 9
(450 Hz)

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

I RMS

I(H3)
I(H5)
I(H7)
I(H9)

45

Performance

Switchgear diagnosis

Continuous, comprehensive breaking device monitoring:

Number of operations
Operating time
Charging time
Cumulative breaking current,
overall and by levels of fault current

For effective preventive maintenance!

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

46

Performance

CT / VT supervision

Permanent checking of the complete

measurement chain, from the CT and VT
sensors up to the Sepam analog inputs:
Checking of the consistency of the currents and
voltages measured
Acquisition of the phase and residual VT protection fuse
melting contacts

To detect the loss of measures

and avoid any nuisance tripping

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

47

Performance

Network diagnosis assistance

Disturbance recording
1 to 19 records in
COMTRADE format
max. record: 22s
samples/period max: 36
Phase unbalance
Tripping currents
Alarm history
Tripping context

For better understanding!

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

48

Performance

2 types of communication
network

With ACE 969, sepam has two

communication ports to connect to
2 independant communication
networks:
The S-LAN port
(Supervisory Local Area Network)
is used to connect Sepam to a
communication network dedicated
to supervision
The E-LAN port
(Engineering Local Area Network)
is reserved for specific Sepam
setup, operating and ajustment
functions: this port is connected to
SFT2841 software tool

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

49

Performance

S-LAN Communication
network
Supervisory Local Area Network (S-LAN) is used to
connect Sepam to a centralized supervision system
(SCADA or RTU type)
Supervision functions concerning the installation and
the electric network
3 protocoles are available :
Modbus RTU
DNP3
IEC 60970-5-103
Physical Interface :
2-wire or 4-wire RS485
Fiber optic, with star or ring architecture

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

50

Performance

E-LAN communication
network
Engineering Local Area Network (E-LAN) to connect
a set of Sepam units to a PC running the SFT2841
software
The operator has remote and centralized access
to all Sepam information, with no need to
develop any special communication software

Set up the Sepam general parameters and functions

Collect all Sepam operating and diagnostics
information
manage the protection system for the electric network
monitor the status of the electric network
run diagnostics on any incidents affecting the
electrical network

Protocole : Modbus RTU

Physical interface : 2-wire RS 485

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

51

Performance

Exemples of architectures
S-LAN networks

Single S-LAN network

Two parallel S-LAN networks (Sepam series 80)

Parallel S-LAN and E-LAN

networks

Two S-LAN networks and one E-LAN network

in parallel (Sepam series 80)

E-LAN

Legend
S-LAN network
Protocol selection :
Modbus, DNP3 or
IEC 60870-5-103
Physical interface :
2-wire or 4-wire RS 485,
fibre optic with star or
ring architecture
E-LAN network,
2-wire RS 485

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

52

Exemples of architectures
E-LAN networks

Performance
Single E-LAN network

Single E-LAN via modem (phone-line connection)

Modem

Modem

S-LAN and S-LAN networks over Ethernet TCP/IP

Legend
S-LAN network
Protocol selection :
Modbus, DNP3 or
IEC 60870-5-103
Physical interface :
2-wire or 4-wire RS 485,
fibre optic with star or
ring architecture
E-LAN network,
2-wire RS 485

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

53

Performance

Characteristics
S-LAN network
S-LAN Characteristics (for all protocols) :
Typical response time < 15 ms
Max. transmission rate : 38400 bauds
Max. number of Sepam units : 25
Time-tagged events :
Resolution : 1 ms
Modbus RTU : 2 stacks of 64 events for each
communication port
DNP3 et CEI 60870-5-103 : 1 stack of 100
events per communication port

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

54

Performance

Ethernet connection
and Webserver

Integration of Sepam in your

Ethernet network
EGX200 or EGX400
Ethernet/Modbus gateway
Modbus / TCP/IP multimaster protocol
fast transmission rate
(10/100 Mbps)
Simple consultation of Sepam
data
from a PC with
internet/intranet browser
presented in Web/Sepam
pages embedded in the
EGX400 gateway

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

55

Performance

Integrated in PowerLogic System

Industrial and commercial network

management system, including:
Power management software
tools
Power quality measurement and
analysis products
Masterpact and Compact
communicating circuit breakers
Sepam multifunctional protection
units

S1ill_97e12_3.PPT - 06/2005

56