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WHAT IS PLANNING
Process of establishing objectives and
appropriate courses of action before taking
action. It is the process of choosing goals,
determining the ways of realizing then and
taking into consideration, available resources
including time. Professor James Stoner(1999)
WHAT IS PLANNING
WHAT IS PLANNING
NATURE OF PLANNING:
Goal oriented.
Planning as the first basic
function.
Planning as a function of all
managers.
GUEST SATISFACTION
EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION
PRODUCTIVITY
IMPORTANCE OF
PLANNING:
They offset uncertainty and change.
To focus attention on objectives.
To gain economical and efficient
operation
To facilitate control.
PURPOSE OF PLANNING
Gives direction not only to top management but to all
associates as they focus on goal accomplishment.
Determine the best goals and strategies to achieve
organizational goals.
Provides the road map of where the organization is going.
so they can plan scenarios to react to those potential
changes.
PURPOSE OF PLANNING
FORMS OF PLANNING
Informal Planning often done at the last minute
and there is little or no sharing of goals and strategies
with others in the organization.
Formal Planning - occurs when specific goals
covering a period of up to several years are identified
and shared with all associates, and strategies are
developed stating how each goal will be reached.
STRATEGIC PLANNING
Creates the long - range plans that steer an
organization towards its goals in the
accomplishment of its mission and vision.
Involves creating a long term strategy for how
the organization will meet its mission
Systematic process whereby the top
management of an organization charts the
future course of the enterprise
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
develops the mission, goals and strategies by
identifying the business of the corporation
today and the business it wants for the future,
and then identifying the course of action it will
pursue, given its strength, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats (internal and external
environments).
Translate mission into strategic goals.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
Strategic goals The planned objectives
that an organization strives to achieve.
Objective - basic tools that underlie all
planning and strategic activities. They
serve as the basis for creating policy and
evaluating performance. Some examples of
business objectives include minimizing
STRATEGIC PLANNING
PROCESS
A. Corporate level
Strategy strategic
planning that takes place at
the top management
STRATEGIC PLANNING
PROCESS
B. SWOT Analysis-Used to
assess the companys
internal and external
strengths and weaknesses, to
seek out opportunities, and to
be aware of and avoid
C. ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING
process of assessing information about
economic, social, political, and
technological environment to
anticipate and interpret changes in the
environment.
D. FORECASTING prediction
of future outcomes. Information
gained through scanning is
used to form scenarios.
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
Operational Plans
generally for periods of up
to one year and dovetail
with the strategic plan
SEVEN STEPS IN
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
1.Setting goals.
2.Analyzing and evaluating the environment.
3.Determining alternatives.
4.Evaluating alternatives.
5.Selecting the best solution.
6.Implementing the plan.
7.Controlling and Evaluating Results
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
Goal setting is the process of determining
outcomes for each area and associate
OPERATIONAL OBJECTIVES- States how the
goals will be met
Management by Objectives(MBO)- Is a
managerial process that determines the goals
of the organization, then plans the objectives
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
BENCHMARKING- Concepts that identifies
the best way of doing something and which
companies excel in the area under study.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT- Is the task of
completing a project on time and within
budget.
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
QUESTIONS??
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